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Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology
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Total 265 results found since Jan 2013.
Three-Dimensional and Conventional Carotid Ultrasounds for Assessment of Carotid Plaque in a Stroke Patient: A simple way to validate findings
Publication date: Available online 17 November 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology Author(s): Hayrapet Kalashyan, Maher Saqqur, Harald Becher, Cian O’Kelly, Helen Romanchuk, Khurshid Khan, Thomas Jeerakathil, Andrew Wassef, Ashfaq Shuaib Single Sweep automated 3D ultrasound is a new imaging modality for the assessment of carotid plaque. Its most important application is the measurement of the plaque volume. To our knowledge, to date there is not a widely accepted "gold standard" to validate 3D plaque volume measurement. We compared the findings of 2D and 3D carotid US with those of postsurgical plaque specimen us...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - November 16, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Recent temporal changes in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in Ontario: Clinical and health systems impact
Conclusions Striking declines in hospitalizations and deaths from ASCVD were observed in Ontario from 1994-2014. However, the limited progress observed in younger Canadians highlights the need for ongoing efforts aimed at preventing and treating ASCVDs and their associated risk factors. Teaser As part of the Cardiovascular Health in Ambulatory Care Research Team “big data” initiative, we utilized information from population-based databases to examine 20-year temporal trends in hospitalizations and mortality attributed to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Overall, substantive declines in hospitalization a...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - November 15, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Effect of Mobile Health Interventions on the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion Mhealth group as compared to usual care had increased adherence to medical therapy, ability to reach blood pressure targets, exercise goals, less anxiety and increased awareness of diet and exercise. There was no difference in smoking cessation, ability to meet LDL-cholesterol targets, and hospital readmission. Teaser A systematic search of English and Chinese language studies was conducted to investigate the benefit of mobile health (mhealth) technology for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Mhealth group as compared to usual care had increased adherence to medical therapy, ability to rea...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - September 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
At what age does stroke risk increase in patients with AF? Does it depend on where you live?
Publication date: Available online 13 September 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology Author(s): Jeff S. Healey
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - September 12, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Associations between Childhood Cognition and Cardiovascular Events in Adulthood: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions Lower childhood IQ is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events in adulthood, even after adjustment for confounding variables. Future research should examine the behavioural mechanisms by which these risks are mediated to optimize cardiovascular health. Teaser The objective of this review was to examine associations between childhood cognition and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in adulthood. CVD events were defined by ICD codes corresponding to cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, or stroke. Five longitudinal studies containing 17,256 participants examining links between childho...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - August 29, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Antithrombotic Treatments for Stroke Prevention in Elderly Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Drugs and Doses
Publication date: September 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Volume 32, Issue 9 Author(s): Mustafa Kilickap, Jackie Bosch, John W. Eikelboom, Robert G. Hart Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac rhythm disturbance and is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of stroke. The most important risk factors for stroke in patients with AF are previous stroke and age ≥ 75 years. Canadian guidelines recommend anticoagulant therapy for patients with AF who are older than the age of 65 years, but the elderly often remain undertreated, primarily because of concerns regarding bleeding. Non-vitamin K oral anticoagu...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - August 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Secondary Prevention Beyond Hospital Discharge for Acute Coronary Syndrome: Evidence-Based Recommendations
Publication date: July 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Volume 32, Issue 7, Supplement Author(s): David H. Fitchett, Shaun G. Goodman, Lawrence A. Leiter, Peter Lin, Robert Welsh, James Stone, Jean Grégoire, Philip Mcfarlane, Anatoly Langer In the past 3 decades, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease has resulted in innovations in the treatment and prevention of its clinical manifestations such as death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. After an acute coronary syndrome there are short- and long-term risks of subsequent cardiovascular events. This leads to opportunit...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - June 21, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Antithrombotic treatments for stroke prevention in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Drugs and doses
Publication date: Available online 14 June 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology Author(s): Mustafa Kilickap, Jackie Bosch, John W. Eikelboom, Robert G. Hart Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac rhythm disturbance and is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of stroke. The most important risk factors for stroke in patients with AF are prior stroke and age ≥75 years. Canadian guidelines recommend anticoagulant therapy for AF patients over the age of 65 but the elderly often remain undertreated, primarily because of concerns regarding bleeding. Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants appear to be safer, at l...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - June 14, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Values and Preferences of Physicians and Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Who Receive Oral Anticoagulation Therapy for Stroke Prevention
Conclusions Real-world prescriptions do not reflect reported values, which suggests that other factors influence patient-physician decision-making around OAC therapy. Data on self-reported adherence to OAC therapy and discordance in the use of OACs from prescribed regimens are concerning and warrant further investigation.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Transradial vs Transfemoral Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis
Conclusions The transradial approach for PCI in STEMI patients significantly reduced all-cause mortality, major and access site bleeding, major adverse cardiovascular events, and length of hospital stay. Difference in stroke incidence was not statistically significant with the transradial vs the transfemoral approach.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Uninterrupted New Oral Anticoagulants Compared With Uninterrupted Vitamin K Antagonists in Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-analysis
Conclusions Use of uninterrupted NOACs in ablation appears to be as safe and efficacious as use of uninterrupted VKAs.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 24, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
CHA2DS2-VASc Recalibration with an Additional Age Category (50-64 years) Enhances Stroke Risk Stratification in Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Patients
CONCLUSION Chinese patients with AF and low CHA2DS2-VASc score were at a disproportionally high risk of ischemic stroke. Chinese patients between 50-64 are at a high risk for stroke despite a low CHA2DS2-VASc score and have low bleeding risk. Only patients aged <50 years are truly low risk. Teaser Chinese atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with low CHA2DS2-VASc scores had a higher ischemic stroke risk than the Caucasians’ counterparts. In this study, we identified that even for Chinese AF patients aged 50-64 years, stroke risk is still markedly elevated. Only patients aged <50 belong to the truly low risk group.
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - May 13, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults
Publication date: Available online 22 April 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology Author(s): Arden R. Barry, Deirdre E. O'Neill, Michelle M. Graham Primary prevention of cardiovascular events in older adults is challenging because of a general paucity of evidence for safe and efficacious therapy. Furthermore, there is no validated cardiovascular risk assessment tool for older adults (≥75 years of age), yet most are intermediate-to high-risk. Assessment of cardiovascular risk should include a discussion of the potential benefits and risks of therapy, and allow for incorporation of the patients' values and prefer...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - April 27, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Lack of Association Between Extracranial Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease and Stroke Following Trans-catheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Conclusions The presence or absence of carotid or vertebral artery stenosis was not significantly related to the occurrence of post-TAVR stroke. Routine screening for carotid and vertebral artery disease prior to trans-catheter aortic valve replacement does not appear justified. Teaser In a retrospective cohort study, 19% (n=51) of 263 trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients had CVD (> 50% stenosis of a carotid or vertebral artery). Post-TAVR stroke occurred in 7% (n=18). All strokes occurred in patients without CVD, and both 30-day mortality rates (10% vs 4%, p=0.11) and overall survival (log-rank t...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - March 28, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
Secondary Prevention Beyond Hospital Discharge for ACS: Evidence-based Recommendations
Publication date: Available online 10 March 2016 Source:Canadian Journal of Cardiology Author(s): David H. Fitchett, Shaun G. Goodman, Lawrence A. Leiter, Peter Lin, Robert Welsh, James Stone, Jean Grégoire, Philip Mcfarlane, Anatoly Langer In the last three decades, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease has resulted in innovations in the treatment and prevention of its clinical manifestations such as death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Following an acute coronary syndrome there are short and long term risks of subsequent cardiovascular events. This leads to opportunities t...
Source: Canadian Journal of Cardiology - March 11, 2016 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research
