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The Paradoxical Protective Effect of Liver Steatosis on Severity and Functional Outcome of Ischemic Stroke
Conclusions: Our study shows that a higher burden of liver steatosis seems to be associated with less severe stroke and better functional outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA. Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of diseases from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis with varying degree of fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis (1, 2). NAFLD is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide including Korea, affecting approximately 25% of the general population (3, 4). NAFLD is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is even recognized as ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Platelet Count Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke or TIA: Subgroup Analysis of CNSR II
Conclusion: In ischemic stroke or TIA patients with platelet count within normal range, platelet count may be a qualified predictor for long-term recurrent stroke, mortality, and poor functional outcome. Introduction Platelets exert a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic complications of cardio-cerebrovascular disease, contributing to thrombus formation, and embolism (1, 2). Previous literature reported that platelets of various size and density are produced by megakaryocytes of different size and stages of maturation in different clinical conditions, suggesting various platelet patterns in differen...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Corticospinal Tract Integrity and Long-Term Hand Function Prognosis in Patients With Stroke
Conclusions: The present study showed that CST integrity (at 6 months after onset) in patients with chronic stroke was related to functional hand status. In addition, the mid-pons FA value was more predictive of functional restoration of the hand than the FN or FA value at the pontomedullary junction. These results may be useful in predicting the functional restoration of the hand and understanding the functional prognosis of stroke. Introduction Restoration of hand function is one of the most important goals for patients with stroke (1). Thus, techniques that aid in predicting restoration of hand function are also i...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 14, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Frequency of Hemorrhage on Follow Up Imaging in Stroke Patients Treated With rt-PA Depending on Clinical Course
Conclusions: Frequency of hemorrhagic transformation in Routine follow-up brain imaging and consecutive changes in therapeutic management were different depending on clinical course measured by NHISS score. Introduction Brain imaging 24–36 h after systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke is recommended in American Stroke Association and European Stroke Organization guidelines (1, 2). Brain imaging is performed to detect secondary bleeding or hemorrhagic transformation in order to adapt medical stroke prevention if necessary. Guideline recommendations are based on the results of the first study on rt-PA...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Influence of Sex on Stroke Prognosis: A Demographic, Clinical, and Molecular Analysis
Conclusion Our data suggest that women who suffer from IS present with a poorer functional outcome than men at 3-months, regardless of other preclinical and clinical factors during the acute phase. These relationships seem to be mediated by atrial dysfunction and inflammation. The inflammatory response is slightly higher in women; however, there are no sex differences in their functional behavior. There is a probable relationship between the molecular marker of atrial dysfunction NT-proBNP and worse functional outcome in women, and the connection seems to be more important in cardioembolic stroke patients. In patients wi...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

World-Wide Efficacy of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Preclinical Ischemic Stroke Models: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Our results show worldwide efficacy of BM-MSCs in improving functional outcomes in pre-clinical animal models of stroke and support testing these cells in clinical trials in various ranges of time windows using different delivery routes. The continued growing number of publications showing functional benefit of BM-MSCs are now adding limited value to an oversaturated literature spanning 18 years. Researchers should focus on identifying definitive mechanisms on how BM-MSCs lead to benefit in stroke models. Introduction Ischemic stroke is the 5th leading cause of death and the leading cause of long term di...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Acupuncture for Post-stroke Shoulder-Hand Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Conclusions: Acupuncture therapy seems effective for motor function, pain relief and activities of daily living in stroke patients with mild SHS, when it is used in combination with rehabilitation. The low certainty of evidence downgrades our confidence in making recommendations to clinical practice. Introduction Shoulder-hand syndrome (SHS) is a common condition among people who have had a stroke, with its reported prevalence ranging from 12% to 49% (1, 2). The main symptoms of SHS include pain, hyperalgesia, joint swelling and limitations in range of motion (ROM) (3). Post-stroke SHS is also named type I complex ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Lesion Patterns in Stroke Patients With Patent Foramen Ovale and Patients With Spontaneous Intracranial Artery Dissection
Conclusion: The present study suggests that lesion patterns observed from DWI of patients with PFO and SIAD might provide clues to the etiology of infarcts. Single lesions (cortical or subcortical) might be a typical feature of PFO associated strokes, while multiple lesions in one vascular territory might be a specific feature of SIAD associated strokes. Introduction Both patent foramen ovale (PFO) and spontaneous intracranial artery dissection (SIAD) are important stroke risk factors, especially in young and middle-aged adults (1–3). About 25% of patients with ischemic stroke are cryptogenic (4), and PFO is ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

UCLA, USC get $2M to develop stroke center network in Southland
Stroke is the second leading cause of death in Los Angeles County and the fourth in the U.S. In order to cut those numbers, it's imperative that new treatments be developed and refined for stroke prevention, acute therapy and recovery after stroke.   Now, a three-way partnership between the UCLA Stroke Center at Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, the USC Comprehensive Stroke and Cerebrovascular Center at Keck Medicine of USC, and UC Irvine has been awarded a $2 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to address these three stroke priorities.   Together, the three universities will form the Los A...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - October 15, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Researcher Studies Statins for Stroke Therapy
Stacy Pigott A $2.8 million grant may help develop an improved therapeutic treatment for acute ischemic stroke patients to let them recover faster with fewer long-term complications. The protocol hinges on effectively delivering statins to the brain, where their neuroprotective properties can help save tissue damaged by stroke. Aug. 7, 2020 University of Arizona Health Sciencesnhg-PATRICK-RONALDSON_DSC6492-web.jpg Patrick Ronaldson (right), associate professor in the College of Medicine – Tucson's Department of Pharmacology, and doctoral students Erica Williams and Robert Betterton discuss their latest researc...
Source: The University of Arizona: Health - August 6, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: mittank Source Type: research

Targeted brain stimulation 'could aid stroke recovery'
Conclusion This mouse model of stroke has found that stimulating nerve cells in the part of the brain responsible for movement (the primary motor cortex) can lead to better blood flow and the expression of proteins that could promote recovery, as well as leading to functional recovery after stroke. But it remains to be determined whether a similar technique could be used in people who have had a stroke. The mice were genetically modified so nerve cells in the primary motor cortex produced an ion channel that could be activated by light. The nerve cells were then activated using a laser. To use this technique in humans, ...
Source: NHS News Feed - August 19, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology Source Type: news

Light shed on how brain's stroke defences work
Conclusion This research has identified a potential role the protein hamartin plays in protecting nerve cells from death if they are temporarily starved of oxygen and glucose. Animal research such as this is essential for furthering our understanding of how the body and its cells work. Although there are obviously differences between rats and humans, there are also a lot of biological similarities. This type of research is a good starting point for better understanding human biology. Treating stroke is very difficult, so new treatments that could prevent nerve cell death would be very valuable. At this stage, the protein h...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 25, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology Source Type: news

Ascertainment of Stroke Incidence among Alaskan Native Populations, 2005-2009: The Alaska Native Stroke Registry (S12.001)
CONCLUSIONS: In one of the first ever stroke incidence studies in Alaska Native populations we report high rates of stroke overall and by stroke subtype in both urban and rural communities.Study Supported by: NINDS grant 3U01NS048069-04S3Disclosure: Dr. Boden-Albala has received personal compensation for activities with the Desmoteplase Advisory Committee. Dr. Roberts has nothing to disclose. Dr. Allen has nothing to disclose. Dr. Bulkow has nothing to disclose. Dr. Trimble has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Boden-Albala, B., Roberts, E., Allen, J., Bulkow, L., Trimble, B. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Epidemiology and Risk Factors Source Type: research

Intra-arterial ALD401 Cell Therapy Is Associated with Reduction in Stroke Volume at 90 Days in a Subset of the RECOVER-Stroke Trial (P6.004)
Conclusions: In this exploratory analysis from one center in the multi-center RECOVER-Stroke trial, intra-arterial stem cell injection with ALD-401 was associated with significant reduction in stroke volume at 90 days post therapy compared to sham procedure in subacute ischemic stroke patients.Disclosure: Dr. Atchaneeyasakul has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dharmadhikari has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sidani has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ramdas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Delgado has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pafford has nothing to disclose. Dr. Huang has received personal compensation for activities with Aldagen/Cytomedix and Da...
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Atchaneeyasakul, K., Dharmadhikari, S., Sidani, C., Ramdas, K., Delgado, L., Pafford, R., Huang, D., Hinson, J., Savitz, S., Yavagal, D. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology Poster Discussion Session Source Type: research

Modafinil for the Improvement of Patient Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion. Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulant with well-established effectiveness in the treatment of narcolepsy and shift-work sleep disorder. There is conflicting evidence about the benefits of modafinil in the treatment of fatigue and EDS secondary to TBI. One randomized, controlled study states that modafinil does not significantly improve patient wakefulness, while another concludes that modafinil corrects EDS but not fatigue. An observational study provides evidence that modafinil increases alertness in fatigued patients with past medical history of brainstem diencephalic stroke or multiple sclerosis. ...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICNS Online Editor Tags: Current Issue Review excessive daytime sleep fatigue head injury modafinil stroke TBI traumatic brain injury Source Type: research