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Drug: Tamoxifen

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Interleukin-1 mediates ischaemic brain injury via distinct actions on endothelial cells and cholinergic neurons
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2018Source: Brain, Behavior, and ImmunityAuthor(s): Raymond Wong, Nikolett Lénárt, Laura Hill, Lauren Toms, Graham Coutts, Bernadett Martinecz, Eszter Császár, Gábor Nyiri, Athina Papaemmanouil, Ari Waisman, Werner Müller, Markus Schwaninger, Nancy Rothwell, Sheila Francis, Emmanuel Pinteaux, Adam Denes, Stuart M. AllanAbstractThe cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key contributor to neuroinflammation and brain injury, yet mechanisms by which IL-1 triggers neuronal injury remain unknown. Here we induced conditional deletion of IL-1R1 in brain endothelial cells, neurons a...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - November 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Interleukin-1 mediates ischaemic brain injury via distinct actions on endothelial cells and cholinergic neurons.
Abstract The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key contributor to neuroinflammation and brain injury, yet mechanisms by which IL-1 triggers neuronal injury remain unknown. Here we induced conditional deletion of IL-1R1 in brain endothelial cells, neurons and blood cells to assess site-specific IL-1 actions in a model of cerebral ischaemia in mice. Tamoxifen treatment of IL-1R1 floxed (fl/fl) mice crossed with mice expressing tamoxifen-inducible Cre-recombinase under the Slco1c1 promoter resulted in brain endothelium-specific deletion of IL-1R1 and a significant decrease in infarct size (29%), blood-brain barrier ...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - November 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Wong R, Lénárt N, Hill L, Toms L, Coutts G, Martinecz B, Császár E, Nyiri G, Papaemmanouil A, Waisman A, Müller W, Schwaninger M, Rothwell N, Francis S, Pinteaux E, Denes A, Allan SM Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Aromatase Inhibitors and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Women With Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based study, aromatase inhibitors were associated with increased risks of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality compared with tamoxifen. There were also trends toward increased risks, although nonsignificant, of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. The increased risk of cardiovascular events associated with aromatase inhibitors should be balanced with their favorable clinical benefits compared with tamoxifen. PMID: 32065766 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation - February 17, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Khosrow-Khavar F, Filion KB, Bouganim N, Suissa S, Azoulay L Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Tamoxifen boost for breast cancer sufferers
Study finds that death rates fall significantly for patients who take the drug for 10 years rather than the standard fiveBreast cancer is less likely to recur if women previously treated for the disease take the drug tamoxifen for 10 years, instead of the recommended five, according to a British study. The study was a component of a larger international trial for which similar results were announced last year.Researchers estimated that, compared with taking no tamoxifen, 10 years of the drug reduces breast cancer death rates by a third in the first 10 years and by half after that. "Until now, there have been doubts whether...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - June 2, 2013 Category: Science Tags: The Guardian News Health Medical research Society Drugs UK news Breast cancer Science Source Type: news

This Vitamin Could Save Your Life
For years, I’ve recommended that my patients take a special family of super-nutrients with the power to boost their health and save their lives in at least a half a dozen ways. I’m talking about tocotrienols, an especially potent form of vitamin E. Tocotrienols, which comprise four out of the eight types of vitamin E, are powerful antioxidants that until recently were ignored by mainstream medicine. But the patients at my wellness clinic and regular readers of my newsletter will know that I’ve recommended them as a critical nutrient for years. And I do it because almost daily I observe the effects of the...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - March 26, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Dr. Al Sears Tags: Anti-Aging Nutrition antioxidants brain Cancer heart heart disease nutrients supplements vitamins Source Type: news

Endothelial β-Catenin Signaling Is Required for Maintaining Adult Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and CNS Homeostasis.
CONCLUSIONS: -These results demonstrate the prerequisite role of endothelial β-catenin in maintaining the integrity of adult BBB. The results suggest that BBB dysfunction secondary to defective β-catenin transcription activity is a key pathogenic factor in hemorrhagic stroke, seizure activity and CNS inflammation. PMID: 26538583 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - November 4, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tran KA, Zhang X, Predescu D, Huang X, Machado RF, Göthert JR, Malik AB, Valyi-Nagy T, Zhao YY Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

No increased risk of fatal CV events for breast cancer patients on newer hormone therapy
(Kaiser Permanente) In a new study from Kaiser Permanente, researchers found the use of aromatase inhibitors, hormone-therapy drugs used to treat patients with breast cancer, was not associated with an increased risk of fatal cardiovascular events, including heart attacks or stroke, compared with tamoxifen, another commonly prescribed anti-cancer drug that works on hormones and which has been associated with a serious risk of stroke.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - April 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

No increased risk of fatal cardiovascular events for breast cancer patients on newer hormone therapy
The use of aromatase inhibitors, hormone-therapy drugs used to treat patients with breast cancer, was not associated with an increased risk of fatal cardiovascular events, including heart attacks or stroke, compared with tamoxifen, another commonly prescribed anti-cancer drug that works on hormones and which has been associated with a serious risk of stroke, report investigators.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - April 21, 2016 Category: Science Source Type: news

Tamoxifen promotes white matter recovery and cognitive functions in male mice after chronic hypoperfusion
Publication date: Available online 5 October 2019Source: Neurochemistry InternationalAuthor(s): Yuxue Chen, Yeye Tian, Hao Tian, Qibo Huang, Yongkang Fang, Wei Wang, Yue Wan, Dengji Pan, Minjie XieAbstractCerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion are one of the major components of stroke pathology and closely associated with cognitive impairment. However, the repair and related pathophysiology of white matter after brain injury remains relatively elusive and underexplored. Successful neuroregeneration is a method for the potential treatment of CNS disorders. A non-steroidal estrogen rec...
Source: Neurochemistry International - October 6, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Cardiotoxicity of Sequential Aromatase Inhibitors Use in Women with Breast Cancer.
Abstract The association between aromatase inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes is controversial. While some observational studies have assessed their cardiovascular safety as up-front treatments, their cardiotoxic effects as sequential treatments with tamoxifen remains unknown. Thus, we conducted a population-based cohort study using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics databases. A prevalent new-user design was used to propensity score match, in a 1:2 ratio, patients switching from tamoxifen to aromatase inhibitors t...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - April 26, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Khosrow-Khavar F, Bouganim N, Filion KB, Suissa S, Azoulay L Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Deletion of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 in microglia impacts brain ischemic injury.
In conclusion, our data suggest that the upregulation of m3R in microglia and monocytes in stroke has a beneficial effect on the clinical outcome in male mice. PMID: 32927021 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - September 10, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Costa A, Haage V, Yang S, Wegner S, Ersoy B, Ugursu B, Rex A, Kronenberg G, Gertz K, Endres M, Wolf SA, Kettenmann H Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Cardiotoxicity of Use of Sequential Aromatase Inhibitors in Women With Breast Cancer
AbstractThe association between use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) and cardiovascular outcomes is controversial. While some observational studies have assessed the cardiovascular safety of AIs as upfront treatments, their cardiotoxicity as sequential treatments with tamoxifen remains unknown. Thus, we conducted a population-based cohort study using data from the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics databases. We employed a prevalent new-user design to propensity-score match, in a 1:2 ratio, patients switching from tamoxifen to AIs wit...
Source: American Journal of Epidemiology - April 27, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

Screening for clinically relevant drug-drug interactions between direct oral anticoagulants and antineoplastic agents: a pharmacovigilance approach
ConclusionNo signal of DDIs between DOACs and antineoplastic agents was detected, except for DOAC-neratinib. Most DDIs between DOACs and antineoplastic agents may not be clinically relevant. The DDIs between DOACs and neratinib should be further examined in future research.
Source: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis - August 10, 2023 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Drugs to be offered to women at high risk of breast cancer
The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has today released updated guidelines on the care of women who are at increased risk of breast cancer due to their family history. One of the main changes to the original guidance from 2004 is that NICE now recommends drug treatment with tamoxifen or raloxifene to reduce risk of breast cancer in a specific group of women who are at high risk of breast cancer and have not had the disease. They say that these treatments could help prevent breast cancer in about 488,000 women aged 35 years and older. The updated guideline has also made changes to the recommende...
Source: NHS News Feed - June 25, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Cancer Medical practice QA articles Source Type: news