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Drug: Polyethylene Glycol

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Total 23 results found since Jan 2013.

Brain-Targeting Emodin Mitigates Ischemic Stroke via Inhibiting AQP4-Mediated Swelling and Neuroinflammation
In this study, we aimed to achieve brain-targeted delivery of emodin to maximize its therapeutic efficacy and elucidate the mechanisms by which emodin alleviates ischemic stroke. A polyethylene glycol (PEG)/cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD)-modified liposome was used to encapsulate emodin. TTC, HE, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescence staining were employed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of brain-targeting emodin in MCAO and OGD/R models. Inflammatory cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. Immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and RT-qPCR were utilized for clarifying the changes in key downstream signaling. Lentivirus...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - June 28, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Can ‘toxic’ bilirubin treat a variety of illnesses?
Generations of medical and biology students have been instilled with a dim view of bilirubin. Spawned when the body trashes old red blood cells, the molecule is harmful refuse and a sign of illness. High blood levels cause jaundice, which turns the eyes and skin yellow and can signal liver trouble. Newborns can’t process the compound, and although high levels normally subside, a persistent surplus can cause brain damage. Yet later this year up to 40 healthy Australian volunteers may begin receiving infusions of the supposedly good-for-nothing molecule. They will be participating in a phase 1 safety trial, sponsored ...
Source: ScienceNOW - June 8, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news

Impact of polyethylene glycol loxenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: study protocol for a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (BALANCE-3)
This study is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients with T2DM who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were randomly divided to receive weekly administration of either PEG-Loxe 0.2 mg or placebo (1:1 ratio). The randomisation was stratified according to utilisation of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, history of CV disease and body mass index. The research period is expected to be 3 years, with a 1-year recruitment period and a 2-year follow-up period. The primary outcome is the occurrence of the first MACE, described as CV death, non-fatal myocardial infarction or non-fatal strok...
Source: BMJ Open - May 16, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Xie, Y., Kuang, J., Li, Q., Hong, T., Ji, L., Kong, Y., Duan, Y., Chen, L. Tags: Open access, Diabetes and Endocrinology Source Type: research

Repair of traumatic lesions to the plasmalemma of neurons and other cells: Commonalities, conflicts, and controversies
We describe current research gaps and potential future developments, such as much more extensive correlations of biochemical/biophysical measures with sub-cellular micromorphology. We compare and contrast naturally occurring sealing with recently-discovered artificially-induced plasmalemmal sealing by polyethylene glycol (PEG) that bypasses all natural pathways for membrane repair. We assess other recent developments such as adaptive membrane responses in neighboring cells following injury to an adjacent cell. Finally, we speculate how a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in natural and artificial plasmalemmal...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - March 15, 2023 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anaemia in adults with chronic kidney disease: a network meta-analysis
CONCLUSIONS: The comparative effects of different ESAs on blood transfusions, death (any cause and cardiovascular), major cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke, vascular access thrombosis, kidney failure, fatigue and breathlessness were uncertain.PMID:36791280 | PMC:PMC9924302 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD010590.pub3
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 15, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Edmund Ym Chung Suetonia C Palmer Valeria M Saglimbene Jonathan C Craig Marcello Tonelli Giovanni Fm Strippoli Source Type: research

Treatment of Ischemic Stroke by Atorvastatin-Loaded PEGylated Liposome
AbstractThere is insufficient evidence on the effect of nanoparticles, particularly liposomes loaded with a statin, on acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the impact of atorvastatin-loaded PEG (polyethylene glycol) conjugated liposomes (LipoStatin) on the outcomes in rats with cerebral ischemia –reperfusion. PEGylated liposome loaded with atorvastatin was developed as a nanoparticle to specifically accumulate in an ischemic region and release the drug to ameliorate the harmful effects of the stroke. LipoStatin was administered to rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion throu gh the tail vein immediately a...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - January 14, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Modeling of mitochondrial bioenergetics and autophagy impairment in MELAS-mutant iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells
CONCLUSIONS: Our studies demonstrate that the MELAS iPSC-derived disease models are powerful tools for dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA alterations influence RPE function in aging and macular degeneration, and for testing novel therapeutics in patients harboring the MELAS genotype.PMID:35715869 | DOI:10.1186/s13287-022-02937-6
Source: Cell Research - June 17, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Sujoy Bhattacharya Jinggang Yin Weihong Huo Edward Chaum Source Type: research

Identification and Validation of Major Cardiovascular Events in the United Kingdom Data Sources Included in a Multi-database Post-authorization Safety Study of Prucalopride
ConclusionsGiven the limitations of relying solely on computer algorithms to identify cardiovascular outcomes, validation with clinical review is essential to guide interpretation.
Source: Drug Safety - February 19, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Combination of Polyethylene Glycol-Conjugated Urokinase Nanogels and Urokinase for Acute Ischemic Stroke Therapeutic Implications
AbstractTissue reperfusion is a serious therapeutic strategy of ischemic stroke in addition to recanalization. In this work, we aimed to establish new urokinase-based therapeutics in order to dissolve large vessel thrombus together with microthrombi for stroke implications. Formulations consisted of free urokinase (UK), polyethylene glycol –crosslinked urokinase nanogel (PEG-UK), and a 1:1 mixture of UK and PEG-UK (PEG-UK+UK) were tested both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments confirmed the pH-dependent release of PEG-UK in the PEG-UK+UK formulation. It was activated at pH 6.50, an environmental pH in the infarc...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - October 16, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The protective effect of polyethylene glycol-conjugated urokinase nanogels in rat models of ischemic stroke when administrated outside the usual time window.
In conclusion, through the inhibition of LRP/NF-κB/Cox-2 pathway, the Caspase cascade and activation of NMDARs, administration of PEG-UK outside the usual time window could still exert protective effects in pMCAO rats through the maintenance of the integrity of BBB and the inhibition of apoptosis and excito-neurotoxicity. PMID: 31955887 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - January 15, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cui W, Liu R, Jin H, Huang Y, Liu W, He M Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Safety and All-Cause Mortality of Methoxy Polyethylene Glycol-Epoetin Beta and Other Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents in Anemia of CKD: A Randomized Noninferiority Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with anemia of CKD, once-monthly methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta was noninferior to conventional, shorter-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents with respect to rates of major adverse cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality. PMID: 31420350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN - August 15, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Locatelli F, Hannedouche T, Fishbane S, Morgan Z, Oguey D, White WB Tags: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Safety of Prucalopride in Patients with Chronic Constipation: A Multinational Population-Based Cohort Study
ConclusionsThe pooled incidence rate ratio estimate was consistent with no indication of an increased risk above the pre-specified safety threshold of 3.00 for major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic constipation using prucalopride as compared with PEG.
Source: Drug Safety - May 26, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Abstract P334: Persistent Adrenomedullin Derivative Inhibits Development of Hypertension Session Title: Salt and Hypertension
Human adrenomedullin (hAM) consists of a 52 amino acid peptide that is amidated and has a disulfide bond. The bioactive peptide hAM has a variety of physiological functions, such as vasodilatation, hormone secretion, neurotransmission, embryogenesis, wound healing and immunoregulation. hAM has shown several therapeutic effects in experimental models of various diseases, including ischemic heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease, stroke and retinochoroidal disease. However, these therapies required continuous administration of hAM as the half-life of native hAM is quite short in blood. To resolve these issues, the aim of ...
Source: Hypertension - September 14, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Sayaka Nagata, Motoo Yamasaki, Kazuo Kitamura Tags: Poster Abstract Presentations Source Type: research

Evaluation of the effect of GLP ‐1 agonists on quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with diabetes
Abstract People with diabetes mellitus warrant a greater need for colonoscopy owing to the increased risk of colorectal cancer and autonomic neuropathy. Unfortunately, this population is reported to have a higher proportion of inadequate bowel preparation during colonoscopy, which translates into lower adenoma detection rates and repeat colonoscopies. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonists commonly used in the management of diabetes are well known to cause delayed gastrointestinal (GI) transit times, yet it is unknown if they contribute to the higher frequency of inadequate bowel preparation in people with diabetes...
Source: Practical Diabetes - June 15, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Toishi Sharma, Nitin Das, Bahaaeldeen Ismail, Fernando Castro ‐Pavia, Jose Cabral, Carmen Villabona Tags: Original short report Source Type: research