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Condition: Staphylococcus Aureus

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Total 124 results found since Jan 2013.

Prophylactic antibiotics after acute stroke for reducing pneumonia in patients with dysphagia (STROKE-INF): a prospective, cluster-randomised, open-label, masked endpoint, controlled clinical trial
This study assessed the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis for reducing pneumonia in patients with dysphagia after acute stroke. Methods We did a prospective, multicentre, cluster-randomised, open-label controlled trial with masked endpoint assessment of patients older than 18 years with dysphagia after new stroke recruited from 48 stroke units in the UK, accredited and included in the UK National Stroke Audit. We excluded patients with contraindications to antibiotics, pre-existing dysphagia, or known infections, or who were not expected to survive beyond 14 days. We randomly assigned the units (1:1) by computer to ...
Source: The Lancet - September 5, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Source Type: research

Outcomes of Open Repair of Mycotic Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Conclusions Open repair of mycotic descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms remains the gold standard of therapy. Aggressive intraoperative debridement with in situ prosthetic reconstruction permits a high rate of success in this very high risk cohort of patients. Lifelong antibiotic suppression therapy may prevent late prosthetic graft infection.
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - August 14, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Source Type: research

Outcomes of Open Repair of Mycotic Descending Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
CONCLUSIONS: Open repair of mycotic descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms remains the gold standard of therapy. Aggressive intraoperative debridement with in situ prosthetic reconstruction permits a high rate of success in this very high risk cohort of patients. Lifelong antibiotic suppression therapy may prevent late prosthetic graft infection. PMID: 26277557 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - August 13, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Lau C, Gaudino M, de Biasi AR, Munjal M, Girardi LN Tags: Ann Thorac Surg Source Type: research

Metronidazole toxicity presenting with acute onset of aphasia and right sided weakness
We report a 37-year-old man with a history of cirrhosis and methicillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia who presented from a nursing home with 1week of progressive confusion followed by acute onset of aphasia, forced left eye deviation and right sided weakness. While clinical presentation was concerning for a left middle cerebral artery stroke, MRI was consistent with leukoencephalopathy. The man had been on metronidazole for 2months for treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. This case exemplifies a stroke mimic to be considered when a patient presents with an acute focal neurological deficit.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - May 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Increased risk of arterial thromboembolic events after Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a matched cohort study
An association between infection and arterial thromboembolic events (ATE) has been suggested. Here we examined the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and other ATE after Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB).
Source: Journal of Infection - April 29, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: N. Mejer, N. Gotland, M.L. Uhre, H. Westh, H.C. Schønheyder, A. Petersen, A.G. Jensen, A.R. Larsen, R. Skov, T. Benfield, for the Danish Staphylococcal Bacteremia Study Group Source Type: research

Increased risk of arterial thromboembolic events after bacteremia: A matched cohort study
An association between infection and arterial thromboembolic events (ATE) has been suggested. Here we examined the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and other ATE after Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB).
Source: Journal of Infection - April 29, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: N. Mejer, N. Gotland, M.L. Uhre, H. Westh, H.C. Schønheyder, A. Petersen, A.G. Jensen, A.R. Larsen, R. Skov, T. Benfield, for the Danish Staphylococcal Bacteremia Study Group Source Type: research

Surgical management of infective endocarditis: an analysis of early and late outcomes ADULT CARDIAC
CONCLUSIONS Surgical management of endocarditis continues to be challenging and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This report of 191 patients who underwent valve surgery for IE shows that in-hospital mortality is influenced by preoperative renal function and stroke at the time of presentation. The optimal timing for surgery in patients with stroke remains controversial. Long-term survival was negatively influenced by increasing age, moderate to severely impaired LVEF, prosthetic valve IE and S. aureus infection.
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - April 9, 2015 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Pang, P. Y. K., Sin, Y. K., Lim, C. H., Tan, T. E., Lim, S. L., Chao, V. T. T., Chua, Y. L. Tags: Cardiac - other, Valve disease ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Mortality among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriers in long-term care facilities.
CONCLUSIONS: MRSA colonization among frail LTHCFs residents is highly prevalent, and is associated with higher mortality. Despite treatment of MRSA carriers, many remained colonized. Factors that promote persistence of MRSA colonization, and the impact of their modification on mortality rates in these patients, need further investigation. PMID: 25904516 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia - April 1, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Vendrell E, Capdevila JA, Barrufet P, Force L, Sauca G, Martínez E, Palomera E, Serra-Prat M, Cornudella J, Llopis A, Robledo MA, Vázquez C Tags: Rev Esp Quimioter Source Type: research

Nosocomial infections after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: time course and causative pathogens
ConclusionNosocomial infections after subarachnoid hemorrhage are common and mostly occur in the first week after ictus. Future studies should investigate if general hygienic measures, infection awareness, minimizing the duration of mechanical ventilation and use of catheters/drains, or prophylactic antibiotics reduce infections and improve functional outcome.
Source: International Journal of Stroke - April 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kamil G. Laban, Gabriel J. E. Rinkel, Mervyn D. I. Vergouwen Tags: Research Source Type: research

Neurological complications of infective endocarditis in Burkina Faso. Clinical features, management and evolutionary profile.
CONCLUSION: This study shows that neurological complications during infective endocarditis are frequent, dominated by stroke with a high mortality. PMID: 25702236 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annales de Cardiologie et d'Angeiologie - February 7, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yaméogo NV, Seghda A, Kagambèga LJ, Diallo O, Millogo GR, Toguyéni BJ, Samadoulougou AK, Niakara A, Simporé J, Zabsonré P Tags: Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) Source Type: research

CDC National Health Report: Leading Causes of Morbidity and Mortality and Associated Behavioral Risk and Protective Factors-United States, 2005-2013.
This report reviews population health in the United States and provides an assessment of recent progress in meeting high-priority health objectives. The health status indicators described in this report were selected because of their direct relation to the leading causes of death and other substantial sources of morbidity and mortality and should be the focus of prevention efforts. REPORTING PERIOD COVERED: Data are reported starting in 2005 (or the earliest available year since 2005) through the current data year. Because data sources and specific indicators vary regarding when data are available, the most recent yea...
Source: MMWR Surveill Summ - October 31, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Johnson NB, Hayes LD, Brown K, Hoo EC, Ethier KA Tags: MMWR Surveill Summ Source Type: research

Postischemic Reperfusion Causes Smooth Muscle Calcium Sensitization and Vasoconstriction of Parenchymal Arterioles Basic Sciences
Conclusions— The increased vasoconstriction of PAs during early postischemic reperfusion seems to be due to calcium sensitization of smooth muscle and could contribute to infarct expansion and limit neuroprotective agents from reaching their target tissue.
Source: Stroke - July 28, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Cipolla, M. J., Chan, S.-L., Sweet, J., Tavares, M. J., Gokina, N., Brayden, J. E. Tags: Animal models of human disease, Acute Cerebral Infarction, Brain Circulation and Metabolism, Other Vascular biology Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Diffuse cerebral petechial hemorrhage in an 8-year-old girl with MRSA pneumonia and sepsis
An 8-year-old girl in septic shock due to necrotizing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia developed signs of end-organ damage, new right hemiplegia, and left gaze preference. Susceptibility-weighted MRI demonstrated extensive multifocal petechial hemorrhage preferentially at the gray–white matter interface due to septic microemboli (figure). Mechanisms of hemorrhage include small-vessel occlusion leading to mycotic aneurysm formation with rupture or pyogenic arteritis without aneurysm formation.1 Intracranial hemorrhage associated with metastatic staphylococcal infections is rarely descr...
Source: Neurology - January 20, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Williams, M. T., Jiang, H. Tags: All Imaging, Bacterial infections, Pediatric stroke; see Cerebrovascular Disease/ Childhood stroke, Intracerebral hemorrhage NEUROIMAGES Source Type: research

Exploration of optimal dosing regimens of vancomycin in patients infected with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus by modeling and simulation
Summary What is known and objectiveVancomycin is the drug of choice for methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection and shows time‐dependent bacterial killing. The current study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of vancomycin and explored its optimal dosing regimens by modeling and simulation. MethodsPharmacokinetics study was performed for 20 patients who were treated with vancomycin intravenously, 1000 mg, every 12 h, and blood for PK was randomly drawn within prespecified time windows. PD study was in vitro time‐kill experiment for vancomycin against 20 MRSA strains i...
Source: Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics - January 16, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: H.‐S. Lim, Y. P. Chong, Y.‐H. Noh, J.‐A. Jung, Y. S. Kim Tags: Pharmacokinetics Source Type: research

Profile of infective endocarditis observed from 2003 - 2010 in a single center in Italy
Conclusion: S. aureus emerged as the leading causative organism of IE in a University hospital in northern Italy. Our study confirmed the high in-hospital mortality of IE, particularly if health-care associated, and the protective role of surgery.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - November 15, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Laurenzia FerrarisLaura MilazzoDavide RicaboniCristina MazzaliGiovanna OrlandoGiuliano RizzardiniMarco CicardiFerdinando RaimondiLoredana TocalliAlessandro CialfiPaolo VanelliMassimo GalliCarlo AntonaSpinello Antinori Source Type: research