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Condition: Hydrocephalus

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Total 527 results found since Jan 2013.

Syringomyelia due to Lumbar Spinal Fluid Drainage in the Acute Phase of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Lumbar spinal fluid drainage is a common procedure for treating hydrocephalus and alleviating vasospasm by egesting blood in the subarachnoid cavity after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite being an effective and safe procedure, cerebrospinal fluid overdrainage might result in serious complications. Here we report the case of a 49-year-old man who suffered from tonsillar herniation with subsequent cervicothoracic syringomyelia in the acute phase of subarachnoid hemorrhage due to vertebral artery dissection.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Akira Machida, Mutsumi Fujii, Tasuku Ishihara, Eiichiro Amano, Shinichi Otsu, Shoko Fujii, Natsumi Tamada, Juri Kiyokawa, Masataka Yoshimura, Shin Hirota, Shinji Yamamoto Tags: Case Studies Source Type: research

Current and future uses of transcranial focused ultrasound in neurosurgery.
Authors: Hersh DS, Eisenberg HM Abstract Focused ultrasound (FUS) produces a region of high intensity at the focal zone of the beam but with minimal effects at adjacent areas, allowing the sonication of deep targets throughout the body. Despite early obstacles to transmitting ultrasound energy through the skull, recent advances in ultrasound technology, software, and real-time monitoring have resulted in a renewed interest in the clinical applications of transcranial FUS. Following extensive pre- clinical studies, ultrasound-induced thermal ablation has been approved by several countries for the treatment of essent...
Source: Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences - November 8, 2017 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: J Neurosurg Sci Source Type: research

Dolichoectasia of Vertebrobasilar Arteries as a Cause of Hydrocephalus and Ischemic Cerebral Stroke
Conclusions We presented a case of dolichoectasia of vertebrobasilar artery with an obstructive hydrocephalus, due to direct compression on pons and midbrain, which is an extremely rare entity. This case had been analyzed during the patient's life through clinical, laboratory, and radiology examinations and after he died through autopsy.
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - November 15, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

The Pattern of significant lesions found in computerized tomography scan of recurrent seizure patients at a center in Enugu, Nigeria
Conclusion: Computed tomography scan has a high diagnostic yield, especially in elderly patients with recurrent generalized seizures. Brain tumors, encephalomalacia, and HCP are most common causes of recurrent seizures in the adults.
Source: Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice - December 1, 2017 Category: Rural Health Authors: AB Ezeala-Adikaibe SC Ohaegbulam CA Ndubuisi Source Type: research

Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases: Clinical and Genetic Update.
Authors: Matilla-Dueñas A, Corral-Juan M, Rodríguez-Palmero Seuma A, Vilas D, Ispierto L, Morais S, Sequeiros J, Alonso I, Volpini V, Serrano-Munuera C, Pintos-Morell G, Álvarez R, Sánchez I Abstract More than 600 human disorders afflict the nervous system. Of these, neurodegenerative diseases are usually characterised by onset in late adulthood, progressive clinical course, and neuronal loss with regional specificity in the central nervous system. They include Alzheimer's disease and other less frequent dementias, brain cancer, degenerative nerve diseases, encephalitis, epilepsy, genetic brain disorders, head ...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - December 9, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

Spontaneous Intraventricular Hemorrhage: When Should Intraventricular tPA Be Considered?
Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 38: 745-759 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1607991Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common cause of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in adults. Complicating approximately 40% of ICH cases, IVH adds to the morbidity and mortality of this often fatal form of stroke. It is also a severity factor that complicates subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury, along with other less common causes of intracranial bleeding. Medical and surgical interventions to date have focused on limiting ICH and IVH expansion, controlling intracranial pressure, and relieving obstructive hydroceph...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - December 20, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Abdelmalik, Peter A. Ziai, Wendy C. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Subcutaneous bone flap storage after emergency craniectomy: cost-effectiveness and rate of resorption.
CONCLUSIONS Craniectomy with autologous bone cranioplasty using subcutaneous pocket storage is safe and compares favorably to cryopreservation in terms of resorption and favorably to a custom synthetic implant in terms of cost. While randomized data are required to definitively prove the superiority of one method, subcutaneous preservation has enough practical advantages with low risk to warrant routine use for most patients. PMID: 29303450 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - January 5, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Ernst G, Qeadan F, Carlson AP Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Dolichoectasia of Vertebrobasilar Arteries as a Cause of Hydrocephalus and Ischemic Cerebral Stroke
Conclusions We presented a case of dolichoectasia of vertebrobasilar artery with an obstructive hydrocephalus, due to direct compression on pons and midbrain, which is an extremely rare entity. This case had been analyzed during the patient's life through clinical, laboratory, and radiology examinations and after he died through autopsy.
Source: The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology - December 1, 2017 Category: Forensic Medicine Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Neurobrucellosis: diagnostic and clinical management of an atypical case.
We describe an atypical case of brucellar meningitis with many stroke-like signs, think as recurrent cerebrovascular events and treated with antithrombotic therapy, but without meningeal syndrome. PMID: 29384559 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: New Microbiologica - February 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: New Microbiol Source Type: research

Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis and Its Complications in Adults
AbstractPurpose of reviewTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a global health problem. In this review, we systematically evaluate the evidence for current and emerging antimicrobials, host-directed therapies and supportive managements.Recent findingsCurrent antimicrobial regimes do not factor the differing ability of drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier. Rifampicin may be more effective at higher doses yet the most recent clinical trial failed to demonstrate survival benefit at 15  mg/kg/day. Dose finding studies suggest that higher doses still may be safe and more effective. Fluoroquinolones are currently listed as importan...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - February 28, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effect of choice of treatment modality on the incidence of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
CONCLUSIONS SDHC after aSAH occurred significantly more frequently in patients who underwent surgical clipping. Strategies for treatment of ruptured aneurysms should be used to mitigate SDHC and minimize poor outcomes. PMID: 29521594 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - March 9, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Koyanagi M, Fukuda H, Saiki M, Tsuji Y, Lo B, Kawasaki T, Ioroi Y, Fukumitsu R, Ishibashi R, Oda M, Narumi O, Chin M, Yamagata S, Miyamoto S Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Korean Clinical Practice Guidelines for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Authors: Cho WS, Kim JE, Park SQ, Ko JK, Kim DW, Park JC, Yeon JY, Chung SY, Chung J, Joo SP, Hwang G, Kim DY, Chang WH, Choi KS, Lee SH, Sheen SH, Kang HS, Kim BM, Bae HJ, Oh CW, Park HS, Quality Control Committees from the Korean Society of Cerebrovascular Surgeons, Society of Korean Endovascular Neurosurgeons, Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology, Korean Stroke Society and Korean Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine Abstract Despite advancements in treating ruptured cerebral aneurysms, an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is still a grave cerebrovascular disease associated with a high rate of mo...
Source: Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society - March 13, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: J Korean Neurosurg Soc Source Type: research

Why does my patient ’s basilar artery continue to grow? A four-year case study of a patient with symptoms of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia
Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is a clinical entity associated with ischemic stroke, compression of cranial nerves or brainstem, and hydrocephalus. There have been relatively few studies following the pr...
Source: BMC Neurology - April 20, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Dao Pei Zhang, Yan Fang Peng, Qian Kun Ma, Min Zhao, Huai Liang Zhang and Suo Yin Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Global neurosurgery: the current capacity and deficit in the provision of essential neurosurgical care. Executive Summary of the Global Neurosurgery Initiative at the Program in Global Surgery and Social Change.
CONCLUSIONS Each year, more than 5 million individuals suffering from treatable neurosurgical conditions will never undergo therapeutic surgical intervention. Populations in Africa and Southeast Asia, where the proportion of neurosurgeons to neurosurgical disease is critically low, are especially at risk. Increasing access to essential neurosurgical care in low- and middle-income countries via neurosurgical workforce expansion as part of surgical system strengthening is necessary to prevent severe disability and death for millions with neurological disease. PMID: 29701548 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - April 27, 2018 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dewan MC, Rattani A, Fieggen G, Arraez MA, Servadei F, Boop FA, Johnson WD, Warf BC, Park KB Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Vertebral Artery Dissection Masquerading as Concussion in an Adolescent
Conclusions Detailed history and thorough neurological examination in conjunction with appropriate imaging are necessary to distinguish between brainstem/cerebellar ischemia from vertebral artery dissection and concussion.
Source: Pediatric Emergency Care - May 1, 2018 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Illustrative Cases Source Type: research