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E-095 Early Hyperglycemia Predicts Poor Outcome Despite Successful Stroke Thrombectomy
ConclusionsIn selected stroke patients with successful endovascular reperfusion, early hyperglycemia may be independently associated with poor outcome and mortality over other medical co-morbidities. Further prospective study confirming this effect may further develop treatment strategies to prevent this injury.DisclosuresK. Dezse: None. S. Bajgur: None. A. Harrison: None. J. Mejilla: None. W. Hicks: None. T. Davis: None. P. Pema: None. R. Budzik: None. N. Vora: 2; C; Medtronic Neurovascular, Microvention Neurovascular. 3; C; Medtronic Neurovascular.
Source: Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery - July 28, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Dezse, K., Bajgur, S., Harrison, A., Mejilla, J., Hicks, W., Davis, T., Pema, P., Budzik, R., Vora, N. Tags: Electronic poster abstracts Source Type: research

Risk Factors for Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Patients with Chronic Cerebrovascular Disease Presenting with Acute Stroke (P2.245)
Conclusions: These findings suggest that cWMD caused by chronic hypertension may have a different underlying pathophysiology than cWMD that is associated with aging.Disclosure: Dr. Gupta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Luby has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nadareishvili has nothing to disclose. Dr. Benson has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hsia has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lynch has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leigh has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Gupta, N., Luby, M., Nadareishvili, Z., Benson, R., Hsia, A., Lynch, J., Leigh, R. Tags: Aging and Dementia: Other Source Type: research

A review of the evidence of zolpidem efficacy in neurological disability after brain damage due to stroke, trauma and hypoxia: A justification of further clinical trials.
Authors: Sutton JA, Clauss RP Abstract During 15 years, 23 clinical reports and 6 studies have demonstrated associations between sub-sedative doses of zolpidem and recoveries from brain damage due to strokes, trauma and hypoxia. Clinical findings include unexpected awakenings from vegetative states and regressions of stroke symptoms after dosing that disappear during elimination and reappear on repeat dosing. Initially single-photon emission computed tomography scans showed improved perfusion within, around and distant from infarctions. Then positron emission tomography scans and electroencephalography detected ren...
Source: Brain Injury - May 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Brain Inj Source Type: research

The Application of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, Ischemic Stroke, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Conclusions: Changes in retinal microvasculature identified using OCTA are associated with monogenic SVD and different stages of AD, but data are limited and partly confounded by methodological differences. Larger studies with risk factors adjustment and more consistent OCTA methods are needed to fully exploit this technology.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020166929.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Potential Applications of Remote Limb Ischemic Conditioning for Chronic Cerebral Circulation Insufficiency
Conclusion Due to its long-term and often invisible course, CCCI has received less attention than acute cerebral ischemic stroke. However, without appropriate intervention, CCCI may lead to a variety of adverse events. Because the pathophysiological changes associated with CCCI are complex, pharmacological research in this area has been disappointing. Recent research suggests that RLIC, which is less invasive and more well-tolerated than drug treatment, can activate endogenous protective mechanisms during CCCI. In the present report, we reviewed studies related to CCCI (Table 1), as well as those related to stroke and sta...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Characterizing the Penumbras of White Matter Hyperintensities and Their Associations With Cognitive Function in Patients With Subcortical Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment
Conclusion In this study, reduced CBF and FA and increased MD in the inner NAWM layers for both PVWMH and DWMH suggested extensive WM alterations beyond the visible WM lesions commonly observed on clinical MRI of svMCI subjects. CBF penumbras cover more extensive WM at risk than DTI penumbras, suggesting the likelihood that compromised CBF precedes white matter integrity changes, and CBF penumbras may be a potential target for the prevention of further microstructural white matter damage. The imaging parameters investigated, however, did not correlate to cognition. Author Contributions YZ, QX, and XG conceived and desig...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Case of Transient Global Amnesia: A Review and How It May Shed Further Insight into the Neurobiology of Delusions
Conclusion In closing, our patient’s episode of TGA combined with her emotional and perceptual response lends credence to the proposal of a “fear/paranoia” circuit in the genesis of paranoid delusions—a circuit incorporating amygdala, frontal, and parietal cortices. Here, neutral or irrelevant stimuli, thoughts, and percepts come to engender fear and anxiety, while dysfunction in frontoparietal circuitry engenders inappropriate social predictions and maladaptive inferences about the intentions of others.[54] Hippocampus relays information about contextual information based on past experiences and the current situat...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - April 1, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Cognition Current Issue Dementia Medical Issues Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Psychiatry Schizophrenia delusions hippocampus neurobiology Transient global amnesia Source Type: research

Chronic Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption: a case report (P3.275)
Conclusions:WMH-associated BBB disruption maybe exacerbated by acute stroke, and can persist for months after the initial event, as manifest on BBB permeability imaging. These findings may offer insight into the pathophysiology of vascular dementia.Disclosure: Dr. Naqvi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hitomi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leigh has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Naqvi, I., Hitomi, E., Leigh, R. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease Case Reports II Source Type: research

Antihypertensive withdrawal for the prevention of cognitive decline.
CONCLUSIONS: The effects of withdrawing antihypertensive medications on cognition or prevention of dementia are uncertain. There was a signal of a positive effect in one study looking at withdrawal after acute stroke but these results are unlikely to be generalisable to non-stroke settings and were not a primary outcome of the study. Withdrawing antihypertensive drugs was associated with increased blood pressure. It is unlikely to increase mortality at three to four months' follow-up, although there was a signal from one large study looking at withdrawal after stroke that withdrawal was associated an increase in cardiovasc...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 31, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jongstra S, Harrison JK, Quinn TJ, Richard E Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

MELAS syndrome: Clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and treatment options
Publication date: Available online 15 June 2015 Source:Molecular Genetics and Metabolism Author(s): Ayman W. El-Hattab , Adekunle M. Adesina , Jeremy Jones , Fernando Scaglia Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is one of the most frequent maternally inherited mitochondrial disorders. MELAS syndrome is a multi-organ disease with broad manifestations including stroke-like episodes, dementia, epilepsy, lactic acidemia, myopathy, recurrent headaches, hearing impairment, diabetes, and short stature. The most common mutation associated with MELAS syndrome is the m.3243A&a...
Source: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism - June 27, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Predictors of Recovery of Allocentric and Egocentric Neglect: The Role of Education (P7.288)
CONCLUSIONS: Recovery of both variants of neglect was positively influenced by higher education and lower initial severity of specific type of neglect, independently of volume of infarct, volume of hypoperfusion, age, and time post-onset of stroke.Study Supported by: R01NS047691Disclosure: Dr. Posner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Trupe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Davis has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gomez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tippett has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hillis has received research support from Allon Pharmaceutical.
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Posner, J., Trupe, L., Davis, C., Gomez, Y., Tippett, D., Hillis, A. Tags: Aging, Dementia, and Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology: Attention/Neglect Source Type: research

PET imaging in ischemic cerebrovascular disease: current status and future directions
Abstract Cerebrovascular diseases are caused by interruption or significant impairment of the blood supply to the brain, which leads to a cascade of metabolic and molecular alterations resulting in functional disturbance and morphological damage. These pathophysiological changes can be assessed by positron emission tomography (PET), which permits the regional measurement of physiological parameters and imaging of the distribution of molecular markers. PET has broadened our understanding of the flow and metabolic thresholds critical for the maintenance of brain function and morphology: in this application, PET has...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - October 1, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Partial eNOS deficiency causes spontaneous thrombotic cerebral infarction, amyloid angiopathy and cognitive impairment
Conclusions: These data provide for the first time the evidence that partial eNOS deficiency results in spontaneous thrombotic cerebral infarctions that increase with age, leading to progressive CAA and cognitive impairments. We thus conclude that eNOS +/- mouse may represent an ideal model of ischemic stroke to address early and progressive damage in spontaneously-evolving chronic cerebral ischemia and thus, study vascular mechanisms contributing to vascular dementia and AD.
Source: Molecular Neurodegeneration - June 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Xing-Lin TanYue-Qiang XueTao MaXiaofang WangJing LiLubin LanKafait MalikMichael McDonaldAlejandro DopicoFrancesca-Fang Liao Source Type: research

127 Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Profile in People with Mild Cognitive Symptoms Attending a Memory Service - an Opportunity to Promote Brain Health
ConclusionThis study highlights the high prevalence of unidentified or poorly controlled VRF in people with mild cognitive symptoms attending a memory service. Given its importance to brain health and mitigation of future cognitive decline, a structured focus on identifying and managing these VRF in this setting is necessary. Exercise-based lifestyle programs should be embedded in post-diagnostic services for this population.
Source: Age and Ageing - September 16, 2019 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research

Depressive symptoms, atherosclerotic burden and cerebral blood flow disturbances in a cohort of octogenarian men from a general population
Conclusion: In this population-based cohort of octogenarian men free from stroke or dementia, a proportion of subjects with depressive symptoms was low. Still, men with borderline or mild depression scores had lower social and physical activity, persistent smoking habit, worse peripheral circulation in legs, and cerebral perfusion changes in basal nuclei, thalamus and subcortical white matter. Regional CBF decline could be partly mediated by higher SBP.
Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles - December 26, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Arkadiusz Siennicki-LantzLena André-PeterssonPer WollmerSölve Elmståhl Source Type: research

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