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Molecules, Vol. 26, Pages 3208: Progress in PET Imaging of Neuroinflammation Targeting COX-2 Enzyme
hn Mann
Neuroinflammation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upregulation are associated with the pathogenesis of degenerative brain diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), epilepsy, and a response to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke. COX-2 is also induced in acute pain, depression, schizophrenia, various cancers, arthritis and in acute allograft rejection. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows for the direct measurement of in vivo COX-2 upregulation and thereby enables disease staging, therapy evaluation and aid quantifying target occupa...
Source: Molecules - May 27, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jaya Prabhakaran Andrei Molotkov Akiva Mintz J. John Mann Tags: Review Source Type: research
The role of medications in successful aging
Climacteric. 2021 May 12:1-8. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1911991. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSuccessful aging includes good health and low levels of disability. To that end, primary prevention is far better than managing subsequent organ damage. When medication is needed to prevent or manage disease, the preferred choice should be associated with the greatest benefits and fewest adverse effects. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women worldwide. Considering disease-adjusted life years, other leading causes are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellit...
Source: Climacteric - May 12, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Authors: R D Langer Source Type: research
Osthole Ameliorates Estrogen Deficiency-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Female Mice
This study examined whether OST improves ovariectomy (OVX)-induced cognitive impairment, and alleviates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by OVX in mice. Adult female C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized and then treated with OST at a dose of 30 mg/kg for 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, behavioral tests were used to evaluate spatial learning and memory, recognition memory, anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. A cohort of the mice were sacrificed after 14 days of OST treatment and their hippocampi were collected for measurement of the proteins of interest using western blot. OVX-induced alterati...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - May 6, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Multimorbidity Changes Over Time
Background:
Our understanding of how multimorbidity progresses and changes is nascent.
Objectives:
Assess multimorbidity changes among racially/ethnically diverse middle-aged and older adults.
Design, Setting, and Participants:
Prospective cohort study using latent class analysis to identify multimorbidity combinations over 16 years, and multinomial logistic models to assess change relative to baseline class membership. Health and Retirement Study respondents (age 51 y and above) in 1998 and followed through 2014 (N=17,297).
Measures:
Multimorbidity latent classes of: hypertension, heart disease,...
Source: Medical Care - April 15, 2021 Category: Health Management Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
The U.S. Death Rate Rose Significantly During the COVID-19 Pandemic
COVID-19 was the third-most-common cause of death in the U.S. in 2020, contributing to more than 375,000 deaths, and a 16% increase in the national death rate, according to provisional data published today by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
All told, more than 3.3 million people in the U.S. died in 2020, for a rate of about 829 deaths per 100,000 people. That’s up from about 715 deaths per 100,000 people in 2019.
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Source: TIME: Health - March 31, 2021 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jamie Ducharme Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news
Physical inactivity and non-communicable disease burden in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries
CONCLUSION: The global burden associated with physical inactivity is substantial. The relative burden is greatest in high-income countries; however, the greatest number of people (absolute burden) affected by physical inactivity are living in middle-income countries given the size of their populations.PMID:33782046 | DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2020-103640
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - March 30, 2021 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Peter T Katzmarzyk Christine Friedenreich Eric J Shiroma I-Min Lee Source Type: research
Prevention of depression in adults with long-term physical conditions
CONCLUSIONS: Based on evidence of very low certainty, our results may indicate the benefit of pharmacological interventions, during or directly after preventive treatment. Few trials examined short-term outcomes up to six months, nor the follow-up effects at six to 12 months, with studies suffering from great numbers of drop-outs and inconclusive results. Generalisation of results is limited as study populations and treatment regimes were very heterogeneous. Based on the results of this review, we conclude that for adults with long-term physical conditions, there is only very uncertain evidence regarding the implementation...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 5, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hanna Kampling Harald Baumeister J ürgen Bengel Oskar Mittag Source Type: research
Pharmacological blockers of CCR5 and CXCR4 improve recovery after traumatic brain injury.
We examined the effect of maraviroc, a CCR5 antagonist used in HIV patients as a viral entry inhibitor, and of plerixafor (AMD3100), a CXCR4 antagonist used in cancer patients as an immune-modulator, on mice subjected to closed head injury (CHI). Mice were treated with maraviroc or plerixafor after CHI for the following 4 or 5 days, respectively. Neurobehavior was assessed according to the Neurological Severity Score; cognitive tests were performed by using the Y-maze, Barnes maze and the novel object recognition test; anxiety was evaluated with the open field test. The mice were sacrificed and brain tissues were collect...
Source: Experimental Neurology - January 13, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Friedman-Levi Y, Liraz-Zaltsman S, Shemesh C, Rosenblatt K, Kesner EL, Gincberg G, Carmichael ST, Silva AJ, Shohami E Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
The Pharmacological Action of Kaempferol in Central Nervous System Diseases: A Review
In conclusion, we suggest that KPF and some glycosylated derivatives (KPF-3-O-rhamnoside, KPF-3-O-glucoside, KPF-7-O-rutinoside, and KPF-4′-methyl ether) have a multipotential neuroprotective action in CNS diseases, and further studies may make the KPF effect mechanisms in those pathologies clearer. Future in vivo studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of KPF action in CNS diseases as well as the impact of glycosylation on KPF bioactivity.
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - January 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Impact of comorbid conditions on health care expenditure and work-related outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
CONCLUSION: Comorbid conditions in RA patients were associated with higher annual health care expenditure, lower likelihood of employment, higher rates of absenteeism and lower income. Despite its low prevalence, heart failure was associated with the highest incremental health care expenditure and the lowest likelihood of being employed compared to other common comorbid conditions.
PMID: 33323533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Rheumatol - December 15, 2020 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Vu M, Carvalho N, Clarke PM, Buchbinder R, Tran-Duy A Tags: J Rheumatol Source Type: research
Efficacy of individualized education in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized clinical study protocol
Conclusion:
Individualized diabetes education may improve the clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 DM.
Trial registration:
The protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6232).
Source: Medicine - December 11, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Research Article: Study Protocol Clinical Trial Source Type: research
The Attitudes of Physicians and the General Public toward Prognostic Disclosure of Different Serious Illnesses: a Korean Nationwide Study.
CONCLUSION: Most Physicians and the general public agreed that disclosure of a terminal prognosis respects patient autonomy for several serious illnesses. The low response rate of physicians might limit the generalizability of the results.
PMID: 33289368 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Korean Medical Science - December 10, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: J Korean Med Sci Source Type: research
