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Total 27 results found since Jan 2013.

The Weakened Interaction Between HECTD4 and GluN2B in Ischemic Stroke Promotes Calcium Overload and Brain Injury Through a Mechanism Involving the Decrease of GluN2B and MALT1 Ubiquitination
This study explores the relationship between HECTD4, GluN2B, and MALT1, focusing on their role in brain injury in ischemic stroke. Rats were subjected to 2  h-ischemia followed by 24-h reperfusion to establish an ischemic stroke model. We observed the downregulation of HECTD4 and the upregulation of MALT1. Additionally, an increased GluN2B phosphorylation was concomitant with weakened interactions between HECTD4 and GluN2B, followed by decreased stria tal-enriched protein phosphatase (STEP61). Knockdown of HECTD4 exacerbated hypoxia- or NMDA-induced injury in nerve cells coincident with a decrease in GluN2B and MALT1 ubiq...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - March 1, 2023 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Storax Protected Primary Cortical Neurons from Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation Injury via Inhibiting the TLR4/TRAF6/NF- κB Signaling Pathway
This study aimed to elucidate the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of storax on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in injured cortical neurons. The cortical neurons of Wistar rats were primarily cultured in vitro. TheTUNELmethod and CM-H2DCFDA probe were used to detect cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot were used to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines and proteins of the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence was used to measure NF-κB nuc...
Source: Brain Research - July 25, 2022 Category: Neurology Authors: Lin Li Shaoqian Yue Rui Han Yajun Yu Peng Zhang Ling Lv Jinqiang Zhu Min Zhou Xiang Fan Han Zhang Source Type: research

Activation of Double-Stranded RNA –Activated Protein Kinase in the Dorsal Root Ganglia and Spinal Dorsal Horn Regulates Neuropathic Pain Following Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rats
AbstractDouble-stranded RNA (dsRNA) –activated kinase (PKR) is an important component in inflammation and immune dysfunction. However, the role of PKR in neuropathic pain remains unclear. Here, we showed that lumbar 5 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) led to a significant increase in the level of phosphorylated PKR (p-PKR) in both the dor sal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn. Images of double immunofluorescence staining revealed that p-PKR was expressed in myelinated A-fibers, unmyelinated C-fibers, and satellite glial cells in the DRG. In the dorsal horn, p-PKR was located in neuronal cells, astrocytes, and microglia...
Source: Neurotherapeutics - June 2, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Formononetin attenuates H < sub > 2 < /sub > O < sub > 2 < /sub > -induced cell death through decreasing ROS level by PI3K/Akt-Nrf2-activated antioxidant gene expression and suppressing MAPK-regulated apoptosis in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells
In this study, we investigated the protective effect of formononetin on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced death of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and its underlying molecular mechanism. Formononetin suppressed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. H2O2-induced increase in the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was decreased by formononetin, together with the enhanced expression of the antioxidant genes. H2O2-induced elevation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-7 levels were lowered by formononetin treatment. Moreover, formononetin repressed H2O2-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activated prot...
Source: Neurotoxicology - June 2, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Mayuko Sugimoto Risa Ko Hiromi Goshima Atsushi Koike Makio Shibano Ko Fujimori Source Type: research

Clinacanthus nutans Mitigates Neuronal Death and Reduces Ischemic Brain Injury: Role of NF- κB-driven IL-1β Transcription
AbstractNeuroinflammation has been shown to exacerbate ischemic brain injury, and is considered as a prime target for the development of stroke therapies.Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is widely used in traditional medicine for treating insect bites, viral infection and cancer, due largely to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, we reported that an ethanol extract from the leaf ofC. nutans could protect the brain against ischemia-triggered neuronal death and infarction. In order to further understand the molecular mechanism(s) for its beneficial effects, two experimental paradigms, namely,...
Source: NeuroMolecular Medicine - October 5, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Protective effects of ethyl gallate on H 2 O 2 -induced mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells
AbstractOxidative stress has been suggested to play an important role in neuronal injury. Ethyl gallate (EG) is the ethyl ester of gallic acid which has been acknowledged as an antioxidant. We previously demonstrated that EG effectively inhibited H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and decreased the ROS levels in PC12 cells, while the relevant mechanisms of action of this compound remain largely uncharacterized. The present study was carried out in an attempt to clarify the underlying mechanisms of EG against H2O2-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. EG pretreatment attenuated H2O2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction as indicated by t...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - February 12, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Suppression of FoxO3a attenuates neurobehavioral deficits after traumatic brain injury through inhibiting neuronal autophagy.
Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious insult that frequently leads to neurological impairments. Forkhead box O (FoxO) 3a, as transcription factor, has been confirmed to modulate autophagic process. Moreover, FoxO3a is expressed throughout the brain including the hippocampus. However, the role of FoxO3a in the pathophysiology of TBI is unclear. The present study is designed to investigate whether FoxO3a has the neuroprotective effects on rats subjected to TBI, and further to explore the potential molecular mechanisms. Thus, a rat model of TBI was created by using a modified weight-drop device to mimic ...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 6, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sun L, Zhao M, Liu M, Su P, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang X, Wu Z Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

The blood ‐brain barrier fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1/SLC27A1) supplies docosahexaenoic acid to the brain, and insulin facilitates transport
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - December 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Yusuke Ochiai, Yasuo Uchida, Sumio Ohtsuki, Masanori Tachikawa, Sanshiro Aizawa, Tetsuya Terasaki Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Cystatin B and HIV regulate the STAT-1 signaling circuit in HIV-infected and INF- β-treated human macrophages
AbstractCystatin B is a cysteine protease inhibitor that induces HIV replication in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). This protein interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT-1) factor and inhibits the interferon (IFN- β) response in Vero cells by preventing STAT-1 translocation to the nucleus. Cystatin B also decreases the levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT-1 (STAT-1PY). However, the mechanisms of cystatin B regulation on STAT-1 phosphorylation in MDM are unknown. We hypothesized that cystatin B inhibits IFN -β antiviral responses and induces HIV replication in macrophage reservoirs throu...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - September 30, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

JNK Activation Contributes to Oxidative Stress-Induced Parthanatos in Glioma Cells via Increase of Intracellular ROS Production
In this study, we used glioma cell lines and H2O2 to investigate the role of JNK in glioma cell parthanatos induced by oxidative stress. We found that exposure to H2O2 not only induced intracellular accumulation of ROS but also resulted in glioma cell death in a concentration- and incubation time-dependent manner, which was accompanied with cytoplasmic formation of PAR polymer, expressional upregulation of PARP-1, mitochondrial depolarization, and AIF translocation to nucleus. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP-1 with 3AB or genetic knockdown of its level with siRNA rescued glioma cell death, as well as suppressed cytoplas...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - May 15, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cystatin B and HIV regulate the STAT-1 signaling circuit in HIV-infected and INF-β-treated human macrophages
Abstract Cystatin B is a cysteine protease inhibitor that induces HIV replication in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). This protein interacts with signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT-1) factor and inhibits the interferon (IFN-β) response in Vero cells by preventing STAT-1 translocation to the nucleus. Cystatin B also decreases the levels of tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT-1 (STAT-1PY). However, the mechanisms of cystatin B regulation on STAT-1 phosphorylation in MDM are unknown. We hypothesized that cystatin B inhibits IFN-β antiviral responses and induces HIV replication in macrophage reservoi...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - May 1, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research