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Condition: Glaucoma

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Total 87 results found since Jan 2013.

A Feedback Loop between TGF- β1 and < em > ATG5 < /em > Mediated by miR-122-5p Regulates Fibrosis and EMT in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023 Mar 13;45(3):2381-2392. doi: 10.3390/cimb45030154.ABSTRACTAutophagy is a cell's evolutionary conserved process for degrading and recycling cellular proteins and removing damaged organelles. There has been an increasing interest in identifying the basic cellular mechanism of autophagy and its implications in health and illness during the last decade. Many proteinopathies such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease are reported to be associated with impaired autophagy. The functional significance of autophagy in exfoliation syndrome/exfoliation glaucoma (XFS/XFG), remains unknown though it is pres...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - March 28, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Munmun Chakraborthy Aparna Rao Source Type: research

TRPV4 is activated by mechanical stimulation to induce prostaglandins release in trabecular meshwork, lowering intraocular pressure
by Takatoshi Uchida, Shota Shimizu, Reiko Yamagishi, Suzumi M. Tokuoka, Yoshihiro Kita, Rei Sakata, Megumi Honjo, Makoto Aihara Trabecular meshwork constitutes the conventional outflow pathway and controls intraocular pressure by regulating aqueous outflow. Mechanical stimulation has been studied as one of the triggers to regulate aqueous outflow in trabecular meshwork, but it is not well understood. We investigated that h ow transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) functions in human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC) and affects intraocular pressure (IOP). HTMC were treated with TRPV4 siRNA...
Source: PLoS One - October 21, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Takatoshi Uchida Source Type: research

Mechanical Strain Regulates Myofibroblast Differentiation of Human Scleral Fibroblasts by YAP
In conclusion, mechanical strain activated scleral myofibroblast differentiation via YAP. The YAP pathway may play an important role in regulating scleral myofibroblast differentiation and ECM remodeling of the sclera in glaucoma.
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - September 30, 2021 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Gene therapy in the anterior eye segment
Curr Gene Ther. 2021 Apr 22. doi: 10.2174/1566523221666210423084233. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThis review provides comprehensive information about the advances in gene therapy in the anterior segment of the eye including cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, and trabecular meshwork. We discuss gene delivery systems including viral and non-viral vectors as well as gene editing techniques, mainly CRISPR-Cas9, and epigenetic treatments including antisense and siRNA therapeutics. We also provide a detailed analysis of various anterior segment diseases where gene therapy has been tested with corresponding outcomes. Disease ...
Source: Current Gene Therapy - April 27, 2021 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cynthia Amador Ruchi Shah Sean Ghiam Andrei A Kramerov Alexander V Ljubimov Source Type: research

RNA therapeutics in ophthalmology - translation to clinical trials.
Abstract The use of RNA interference technology has proven to inhibit the expression of many target genes involved in the underlying pathogenesis of several diseases affecting various systems. First established in in vitro and later in animal studies, small interfering RNA (siRNA) and antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapeutics are now entering clinical trials with the potential of clinical translation to patients. Gene-silencing therapies have demonstrated promising responses in ocular disorders, predominantly due to the structure of the eye being a closed and compartmentalised organ. However, although the effic...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 3, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gupta A, Kafetzis KN, Tagalakis AD, Yu-Wai-Man C Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Knockdown of FAM225B inhibits the progression of the hypertrophic scar following glaucoma surgery by inhibiting autophagy.
Authors: Ma X, Liu L Abstract The formation of a hypertrophic scar (HS) may lead to failure of glaucoma surgery. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the formation of HSs. Moreover, family with sequence similarity 225 member B (FAM225B) is upregulated in HS. However, the role of the lncRNA FAM225B in HS remains unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the function of FAM225B in HS. Scar fibroblasts were isolated from patients who had undergone glaucoma surgery. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of Bax, Bcl‑2, cleaved caspase 3, p62, ATG7 and Beclin 1, and reverse tra...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - January 27, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

The small molecule inhibitor PR-619 protects retinal ganglion cells against glutamate excitotoxicity
This study was designed to investigate the role of PR-619 in regulating mitophagy of RGCs under glutamate excitotoxicity. Primary cultured RGCs were incubated with PR-619 or vehicle control in the excitotoxicity model of 100 µM glutamate treatment. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed by JC-1 assay. Cytotoxicity of RGCs was measured by LDH activity. Proteins levels of parkin, optineurin, LAMP1, Bax, Bcl-2 and the LC3-II/I ratio were analyzed by western blot. The distribution and morphology of mitochondria in RGCs was stained by MitoTracker and antibody against mitochondria membrane protein, and examined by confoc...
Source: NeuroReport - October 6, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research

Receptor potential channels TRPC1/TRPC6 regulate lamina cribrosa cell extracellular matrix gene transcription and proliferation.
In conclusion, TRPC1/C6 expression is enhanced in glaucoma LC cells. These channels may contribute to oxidative stress-induced ECM gene transcription and cell proliferation in normal and glaucoma LC cells through Ca2+-NFATc3 signaling pathway mechanism. TRPC1 and TRPC6 channels could be important therapeutic targets to prevent ECM remodeling and fibrosis development in glaucoma optic neuropathy. PMID: 32088241 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 19, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Irnaten M, O'Malley G, Clark AF, O'Brien CJ Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Clinical Role of Epigenetics and Network Analysis in Eye Diseases: A Translational Science Review.
Authors: Lanza M, Benincasa G, Costa D, Napoli C Abstract Network medicine is a molecular-bioinformatic approach analyzing gene-gene interactions that can perturb the human interactome. This review focuses on epigenetic changes involved in several ocular diseases, such as DNA methylation, histone and nonhistone post-translational modifications, and noncoding RNA regulators. Although changes in aberrant DNA methylation play a major role in the pathogenesis of most ocular diseases, histone modifications are seldom investigated. Hypermethylation in TGM-2 and hypomethylation in MMP-2/CD24 promoter genes may play a cruc...
Source: Journal of Ophthalmology - January 25, 2020 Category: Opthalmology Tags: J Ophthalmol Source Type: research