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Auranofin, an Anti-rheumatic Gold Drug, Aggravates the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injury in Mice
Conclusion In this study, we found that a non-toxic dose of auranofin significantly aggravated the severity of the radiation-induced intestinal injury. This suggests that auranofin treatment can be an independent factor that influences the risk of intestinal complications after pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy. Ethics Statement All the protocols used in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korean Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (IACUC permit number: KIRAMS217-0007). Author Contributions H-JL, JS, and Y-BL designed the experiments. EL and JK conducted the exp...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Complement C5b-9 and Cancer: Mechanisms of Cell Damage, Cancer Counteractions, and Approaches for Intervention
In conclusion, osmotic burst of inflated complement-damaged cells may occur, but these bursts are most likely a consequence of metabolic collapse of the cell rather than the cause of cell death. The Complement Cell Death Mediator: A Concerted Action of Toxic Moieties Membrane pores caused by complement were first visualized by electron microscopy on red blood cell membranes as large ring structures (22). Similar lesions were viewed on E. coli cell walls (23). Over the years, ample information on the fine ultrastructure of the MAC that can activate cell death has been gathered (24) and has been recently further examined (...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 9, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Effects of taxol resistance gene 1 expression on the chemosensitivity of SGC-7901 cells to oxaliplatin.
Authors: Liu L, Bai Z, Ma X, Wang T, Yang Y, Zhang Z Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the role of taxol resistance gene 1 (Txr1) in the development of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) resistance in gastric cancer (GC). Using SGC-7901 cells as a model, Txr1 was exogenously expressed or knocked down using small interfering RNA. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were performed to establish whether the Txr1 gene is involved in chemoresistance, and cell proliferation was assessed using an MTS assay. To this end, the mRNA and protein levels of Txr1, thrombospondin-1 and excision repair cro...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - March 23, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research

Flap endonuclease 1 silencing is associated with increasing the cisplatin sensitivity of SGC‑7901 gastric cancer cells.
Authors: Xie C, Wang K, Chen D Abstract Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), which is key in DNA replication and repair, has been demonstrated to be intimately involved in the development and progression of cancer. Our previous study determined that the downregulation of FEN1 can suppress the proliferation of, and induce apoptosis in, gastric cancer SGC‑7901 cells. In addition, several FEN1 inhibitors have been identified to increase sensitisation to DNA injury agents. These results may provide a promising treatment method to enhance the traditional chemotherapeutics used for the treatment of gastric cancer. Thus, the aim...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - January 16, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Abstract 47: Y-box binding protein 1 is correlated with lymph node metastasis in intestinal type of gastric cancer
This study evaluated the correlation between YB-1 protein expression levels with clinico-pathological characteristics in the intestinal type of gastric cancer, which was further validated with in vitro experimentation. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from specimens obtained from 167 patients diagnosed with intestinal gastric cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of the YB-1 protein was performed on the TMAs . The intensity of YB-1 staining in the intestinal type of gastric cancer was scored as absent to strong staining and the percentage of YB-1 immunostained cells was determined. YB-1 immunoreactivity was based ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Guo, T., Yu, Y., Yip, G. W.-C., Baeg, G. H., Thike, A. A., Tan, P.-H., Matsumoto, K., Bay, B. H. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Downregulation of Rad51 participates in OTA-induced DNA double-strand breaks in GES-1 cells in vitro.
Abstract Ochratoxin A (OTA), a mycotoxin produced by ubiquitous Aspergilli, is carcinogenic, teratogenic, and nephrotoxic in both humans and animals. Our previous study found that OTA induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and resulted in G2 phase arrest in human gastric epithelium immortalized (GES-1) cells. DSBs can cause genomic instability, mutations, and neoplastic transformations, and improper repair of DSBs may lead to the development of cancer. Rad51 is a key protein in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of DSBs repair. The roles of Rad51 in the repair of DNA damage vary in response to different ty...
Source: Toxicology Letters - February 10, 2014 Category: Toxicology Authors: Lian H, Cui J, Wang Y, Liu J, Wang J, Shen H, Xing L, Wang J, Yan X, Zhang X Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research

Nuclear karyopherin-{alpha}2 expression in primary lesions and metastatic lymph nodes was associated with poor prognosis and progression in gastric cancer
Karyopherin-α2 (KPNA2) functions as an adaptor that transports several proteins to the nucleus. We investigated the clinical and functional significance of KPNA2 in gastric cancer (GC). Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine KPNA2 expression in primary GC and metastatic lymph nodes. Next, KPNA2 was suppressed by small interfering RNA (siRNA) to examine KPNA2 function in proliferation and cisplatin-induced apoptosis of GC cell lines. Nuclear expression of KPNA2 in marginal regions of primary GC was stronger than in central regions of GC and normal tissues. The high expression of marginal KPNA2 was significantly...
Source: Carcinogenesis - September 30, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Altan, B., Yokobori, T., Mochiki, E., Ohno, T., Ogata, K., Ogawa, A., Yanai, M., Kobayashi, T., Luvsandagva, B., Asao, T., Kuwano, H. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research

Gene Expression Profiling for Analysis Acquired Oxaliplatin Resistant Factors in Human Gastric Carcinoma TSGH-S3 Cells: the Role of IL-6 Signaling and Nrf2/AKR1C Axis Identification.
Abstract Oxaliplatin treatment is a mainstay of treatment for advanced gastrointestinal tract cancer, but the underlying mechanisms of acquired oxaliplatin resistance remain largely obscured. We previously demonstrated that increased DNA repair capacity and copper-transporting ATPase 1 (ATP7A) level contributed to oxaliplatin resistance in the human gastric carcinoma cell line TSGH-S3 (S3). In the present study, we applied gene array technology to identify additional resistance factors in S3 cells. We found that interleukin-6 (IL-6), aldo-keto reductase 1C1 (AKR1C1), and AKR1C3 are the top 3 upregulated genes in S...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - August 8, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chen CC, Chu CB, Liu KJ, Huang CY, Chang JY, Pan WY, Chen HH, Cheng YH, Lee KD, Chen MF, Kuo CC, Chen LT Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

Silencing the YB-1 Gene Inhibits Cell Migration in Gastric Cancer In Vitro.
Abstract The Y-Box-Binding Protein-1 (YB-1) is known to regulate the processes of transcription, translation, cellular response to drug treatment and viral infection as well as DNA repair among others. As gastric cancer is a common cancer with a high incidence in countries in Asia, we evaluated the association of YB-1 with the malignant potential of gastric cancer cells in vitro. YB-1 mRNA expression levels were first determined by real-time RT-PCR in two adherent gastric cancer cell lines (viz., MKN7 and NUGC3 gastric cancer cells) and a normal GES-1 gastric epithelial cell line. Poorly differentiated NUGC3 gastr...
Source: Anatomical Record - May 24, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Guo TT, Yu YN, Cheong Yip GW, Matsumoto K, Bay BH Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Silencing the YB‐1 Gene Inhibits Cell Migration in Gastric Cancer In Vitro
ABSTRACT The Y‐Box‐Binding Protein‐1 (YB‐1) is known to regulate the processes of transcription, translation, cellular response to drug treatment and viral infection as well as DNA repair among others. As gastric cancer is a common cancer with a high incidence in countries in Asia, we evaluated the association of YB‐1 with the malignant potential of gastric cancer cells in vitro. YB‐1 mRNA expression levels were first determined by real‐time RT‐PCR in two adherent gastric cancer cell lines (viz., MKN7 and NUGC3 gastric cancer cells) and a normal GES‐1 gastric epithelial cell line. Poorly differentiated NU...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology - April 24, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tian Tian Guo, Ying Nan Yu, George Wai Cheong Yip, Ken Matsumoto, Boon Huat Bay Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research