Effectiveness of Autumn 2023 COVID-19 vaccination and residual protection of prior doses against hospitalisation in England, estimated using a test-negative case-control study
The last COVID-19 vaccine offered to all adults in England became available from November 2021. The most recent booster programme commenced in September 2023. Bivalent BA.4-5 or monovalent XBB.1.5 boosters were given. During the study period, the JN.1 variant became dominant in England. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - May 6, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Freja Cordelia M øller Kirsebom, Julia Stowe, Jamie Lopez Bernal, Alex Allen, Nick Andrews Source Type: research

IL-22 is increased in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and associates with cardiac involvement
Dear Editor, we read with great interest the paper by Marjaneh et al. using whole blood transcriptome analyses to show that IL-22 was one of the genes negatively correlated with upper respiratory tract viral load in COVID-19 patients.1 IL-22 is produced by hematopoietic cells, however, its receptor, composed of IL-22R1 and IL-10R2, is mainly expressed on fibroblast and endothelial cells. IL-22 is therefore an important communication route between immune cells and structural cells such as within the respiratory tract, shown to have both tissue protective and pro-inflammatory effects during infections2; and thus of interest ...
Source: Journal of Infection - May 6, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Bente Halvorsen, Hans-Kittil Viermyr, Thor Ueland, Ellen Lund Sagen, Annika E Michelsen, Vigdis Bjerkeli, The Nor-Solidarity Study Group, Anders Aune Tveita, Katerina Nezvalova Henriksen, Trine K åsine, Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise, Marius Trøseid, Tuva Børres Source Type: research

Modifying antibiotic treatment strategies in the face of pertussis surge associated to erythromycin resistance in China
Dear Editor, (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - May 5, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wei Shi, Qinghong Meng, Yahong Hu, Kaihu Yao Source Type: research

Safety of empirical antibiotic therapy discontinuing for fever of unknown origin during high-risk neutropenia in children
ECIL-2021 recommends discontinuing empirical antibiotic therapy (EAT) in febrile-neutropenic children after 72h of treatment and at least 24-48h of apyrexia in the case of fever of unknown origin (FUO). These guidelines are rarely applied to high-risk children's neutropenia. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 30, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Lemaigre Cl ément, Deutch Hélène, Meligne Maud, Dupraz Chrystelle, Bridonneau Constance, Millot Fréderic, Roblot France, Gallego-Hernanz Maria Pilar, Torregrosa-Diaz José-Miguel, Rammaert Blandine Source Type: research

Enteropathogenic Viruses associated with Acute Gastroenteritis among African Children under 5 years of age: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
We present data from thirty-three (33) eligible studies published between 2003 and 2023 from African countries bearing the brunt of the virus-associated diarrheal mortality. Random effects meta-analysis with proportion, subgroups, and meta-regression analyses were employed. Overall, rotavirus with estimated pooled prevalence of 31.0% (95% CI 24.0 –39.0) predominated in all primary care visits and hospitalizations, followed by norovirus, adenovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, and aichivirus with pooled prevalence estimated at 15.0% (95% CI 12.0–20.0), 10% (95% CI 6-15), 4.0% (95% CI 2.0–6.0), 4% (95% CI 3-6), and 2.3% (95...
Source: Journal of Infection - April 29, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Cornelius Arome Omatola, Ropo Ebenezer Ogunsakin, Anyebe Bernard Onoja, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo, Joseph Abraham-Oyiguh, Kehinde Charles Mofolorunso, Phoebe Queen Akoh, Omebije Patience Adejo, Joshua Idakwo, Therisa Ojomideju Okeme, Danjuma Muhammed, Dav Source Type: research

Nanopore sequencing of influenza A and B in Oxfordshire and the United Kingdom, 2022-23
We evaluated Nanopore sequencing for influenza surveillance. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 29, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jennifer Cane, Nicholas Sanderson, Sophie Barnett, Ali Vaughan, Megan Pott, Natalia Kapel, Marcus Morgan, Gerald Jesuthasan, Reggie Samuel, Muhammad Ehsaan, Hugh Boothe, Eric Haduli, Ruth Studley, Emma Rourke, Ian Diamond, Tom Fowler, Conall Watson, Nicol Source Type: research

Population incidence and associated mortality of urinary tract infection in people living with dementia
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) frequently cause hospitalisation and death in people living with dementia (PLWD). We examine UTI incidence and associated mortality among PLWD relative to matched controls and people with diabetes and investigate whether delayed or withheld treatment further impacts mortality. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Helen Lai, Magdalena Kolanko, Lucia M Li, Megan E Parkinson, Niall J Bourke, Neil SN Graham, Michael CB David, Emma-Jane Mallas, Bowen Su, Sarah Daniels, Danielle Wilson, Mara Golemme, Claire Norman, Kirsten Jensen, Raphaella Jackson, Martin Tran, Paul S Source Type: research

Corrigendum to: “People living with HIV who have poor immune status are a key population for SARS-CoV-2 prevention” Journal of Infection, Volume 88, Issue 3, March 2024, 106122
The authors regret that the originally published acknowledgements section was missing some information. Please see the correct version below: (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 24, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jie Zhou, Liuyan Lan, Sufang Ai, Jianyan Lin, Ningmei Liu, Yulan Xie, Ping Cui, Hao Liang, Li Ye, Jiegang Huang, Zhiman Xie Source Type: research

Temporal variations in the serogroup distribution of invasive meningococcal disease in Quebec, Canada, due to emerging unique clade of serogroup Y strain belonging to the Sequence Type-23 clonal complex.
To identify recent trends in invasive meningococcal diseases (IMD) in Quebec, Canada, with a focus on MenY cases and MenY strains. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Raymond S.W. Tsang, Genevieve Deceuninck, Courtney Meilleur, Jianwei Zhou, Brigitte Lefebvre, Philippe De Wals Tags: Bacteria and Bacterial Diseases Source Type: research

Heterologous and BNT162b2 boosters are more effective than non-mRNA homologous boosters for Omicron
Dear Editor, (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Angel Paternina-Caicedo, David Santiago Quevedo, Diana Sof ía Ríos, Diane Moyano, Nelson Alvis-Guzmán, Nelson Rafael Alviz-Zakzuk, Fernando Salcedo, Javier Ramírez-Suarez, Adrian D Smith, Fernando De la Hoz-Restrepo Source Type: research

Molecular Rapid Diagnostic Testing for Bloodstream Infections: Nanopore Targeted Sequencing with Pathogen-Specific Primers
Nanopore sequencing, known for real-time analysis, shows promise for rapid clinical infection diagnosis but lacks effective assays for bloodstream infections (BSIs). (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Dongsheng Han, Fei Yu, Dan Zhang, Juan Hu, Xuan Zhang, Dairong Xiang, Bin Lou, Yu Chen, Shufa Zheng Source Type: research

Understanding the potential role of whole genome sequencing (WGS) in managing patients with gonorrhoea: A systematic review of WGS use on human pathogens in individual patient care
The utility of whole genome sequencing (WGS) to inform sexually transmitted infection (STI) patient management is unclear. Timely WGS data might support clinical management of STIs by characterising epidemiological links and antimicrobial resistance profiles. We conducted a systematic review of clinical application of WGS to any human pathogen that may be transposable to gonorrhoea. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Roeann Osman, Emily Dema, Alexandra David, Gwenda Hughes, Nigel Field, Michelle Cole, Xavier Didelot, John Saunders Source Type: research

No evidence of difference in mortality with amoxicillin versus co-amoxiclav for hospital treatment of community-acquired pneumonia
Current guidelines recommend broad-spectrum antibiotics for high-severity community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), potentially contributing to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We aim to compare outcomes in CAP patients treated with amoxicillin (narrow-spectrum) versus co-amoxiclav (broad-spectrum), to understand if narrow-spectrum antibiotics could be used more widely. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Jia Wei, Aashna Uppal, Christy Nganjimi, Hermione Warr, Yasin Ibrahim, Qingze Gu, Hang Yuan, Najib M Rahman, Nicola Jones, A Sarah Walker, David W Eyre Source Type: research

Risk factors for Nocardia infection among allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: A case-control study of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Nocardiosis is a rare but life-threatening infection after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We aimed at identifying risk factors for nocardiosis after allogeneic HCT and clarifying the effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis on its occurrence. (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Julien De Greef, Dina Averbuch, Laura Tondeur, Am élie Duréault, Tsila Zuckerman, Xavier Roussel, Christine Robin, Alienor Xhaard, Simona Pagliuca, Yves Beguin, Carmen Botella-Garcia, Nina Khanna, Amandine Le Bourgeois, Jens Van Praet, Aloysius Ho, Nico Source Type: research

Infections in preschool and school-aged children are driving the recent rise in pertussis in China
Dear editor, (Source: Journal of Infection)
Source: Journal of Infection - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yahong Hu, Mengyang Guo, Kaihu Yao Source Type: research