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Total 221 results found since Jan 2013.

IS 39. Enhanced visuo-spatial and language learning with tDCS
Efficacy and effectiveness of training in conditions like chronic post-stroke aphasia or neglect, or neurodegenerative disorders like mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease, remain moderate only. Thus, novel strategies to enhance training success and overall behavioural outcome are urgently needed. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation tool that is now being widely used in neuroscientific and clinical research in humans, modulating cortical excitability by application of weak electrical currents in the form of direct current brain polarization.In a series of st...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 19, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Flöel, W. Suttorp, M. Meinzer, C. Breitenstein Tags: Society Proceedings Source Type: research

Brain volumes and risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. The SMART-MR study
Abstract: Brain atrophy is a strong predictor for cognitive decline and dementia, and these are, in turn, associated with increased mortality in the general population. Patients with cardiovascular disease have more brain atrophy and a higher morbidity and mortality. We investigated if brain volumes on magnetic resonance imaging were associated with the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with manifest arterial disease (n = 1215; mean age 58 years). Automated brain segmentation was used to quantify intracranial volume, and volumes of total brain, sulcal cerebrospinal fluid, and ventricles. After a med...
Source: Neurobiology of Aging - February 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pieternella H. van der Veen, Majon Muller, Koen L. Vincken, Willem P.T.M. Mali, Yolanda van der Graaf, Mirjam I. Geerlings, SMART Study Group Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: research

Extravasation into brain and subsequent spread beyond the ischemic core of a magnetic resonance contrast agent following a step-down infusion protocol in acute cerebral ischemia
Conclusions These results demonstrate that the SDI protocol resulted in a spread of the MRCA beyond the ischemic core. Whether plasma-borne acute stroke therapeutics can be delivered to the ischemic penumbra in a similar way needs to be investigated.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 23, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

Evidence for cerebellar motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients: An fMRI study
Publication date: 27 May 2016 Source:Neuroscience Letters, Volume 622 Author(s): Satoshi Kurabe, Kosuke Itoh, Tsutomu Nakada, Yukihiko Fujii Functional reorganization of the motor system following brain damage has been studied extensively in stroke patients, in which not only the cerebrum but also the cerebellum (Cbll) undergoes substantial reorganization. However, the role of Cbll in motor functional reorganization in brain tumor patients remains poorly investigated. Because brain damages in brain tumor patients occur much more slowly than in stroke patients, the neural mechanisms for motor functional reorganization...
Source: Neuroscience Letters - April 26, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Pathological Characteristics.
Authors: Chen XY, Fisher M Abstract Within the intracranial vasculature, atherosclerosis occurs in two distinctive patterns: (1) in Western populations who have severe extracranial and systemic atherosclerosis, the severity of intracranial involvement is consistently less than that within extracranial arteries; and (2) in Asians, Africans, and Hispanics, who often have isolated intracranial arterial disease that is found to be more often accompanied by brain infarction than comparable extracranial atherosclerotic disease. Compared to coronary and extracranial carotid atherosclerosis, intracranial atherosclerosis ha...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 15, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Bilateral cerebral embolism as a characteristic feature of patients with Trousseau syndrome
This study suggests that bilateral infarctions presenting microembolisms are important features of cerebral embolism attributed to Trousseau syndrome.
Source: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience - June 29, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Correlation of CSF flow using phase-contrast MRI with ventriculomegaly and CSF opening pressure in mucopolysaccharidoses
ConclusionsIn MPS patients ventriculomegaly is associated with a severe phenotype, increased cognitive decline, WM lesion severity and enlarged PVS. The authors have shown that there are associations between CSF flow measurements and measurements related to CSF volumetrics. There was also an association of volumetric measurements with the degree of dilated PVS.
Source: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS - September 18, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Morphological and Whole-Word Semantic Processing Are Distinct: Event Related Potentials Evidence From Spoken Word Recognition in Chinese
In conclusion, the present study provides electrophysiological evidence of the dissociation of morphological and whole-word semantic processing in Chinese spoken word processing. The results identified a central-anterior morphological N400 effect when morphemic meaning conflicts with whole-word semantics, in addition to a classic semantic N400 effect with significantly reduced amplitude in central-parietal areas. Our results also showed that the morphological N400 effect is negatively correlated with reading ability. These results demonstrate the important role of morphological processing in Chinese spoken word recognition...
Source: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience - April 16, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

In vivo widefield calcium imaging of the mouse cortex for analysis of network connectivity in health and brain disease
Publication date: Available online 7 June 2019Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Julia V. Cramer, Benno Gesierich, Stefan Roth, Martin Dichgans, Marco Düring, Arthur LieszAbstractThe organization of brain areas in functionally connected networks, their dynamic changes, and perturbations in disease states are subject of extensive investigations. Research on functional networks in humans predominantly uses functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, adopting fMRI and other functional imaging methods to mice, the most widely used model to study brain physiology and disease, poses major technical challenges and faces imp...
Source: NeuroImage - June 7, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neural architectures of music – insights from acquired amusia
Publication date: Available online 31 August 2019Source: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral ReviewsAuthor(s): Aleksi J. Sihvonen, Teppo Särkämö, Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells, Pablo Ripollés, Thomas Münte, Seppo SoinilaAbstractThe ability to perceive and produce music is a quintessential element of human life, present in all known cultures. Modern functional neuroimaging has revealed that music listening activates a large-scale bilateral network of cortical and subcortical regions in the healthy brain. Even the most accurate structural studies do not reveal which brain areas are critical and causally linked to music processing...
Source: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews - September 1, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

The Neurophysiological Features Associated with Unilateral Spatial Neglect Recovery: A Scoping Review
Brain Topogr. 2023 Jul 6. doi: 10.1007/s10548-023-00980-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe purpose of this scoping review is to provide updated information on the neural basis and neurophysiological features associated with unilateral spatial neglect (USN) recovery. We applied the Preferred Reporting Systems for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework and identified 16 relevant papers from the databases. Critical appraisal was performed by two independent reviewers using a standardized appraisal instrument developed by the PRISMA-ScR. We identified and categorized investi...
Source: Brain Topography - July 6, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Masaya Ueda Takuma Yuri Keita Ueno Ryouhei Ishii Yasuo Naito Source Type: research