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Total 5519 results found since Jan 2013.

Assessment of behavioral tasks performed by hemiplegic patients with impaired dexterity post stroke.
Authors: Bashir S, Caipa A, Plow EB Abstract Disability continues to be one of the leading reasons individuals affected by stroke are left incapable of performing daily activities. Due to the staggering number of disabled adults suffering post-stroke neurological damage, there is a critical need for creating and monitoring effects of successful, intensive stroke therapies. Behavioral assessments are useful tools by which to examine the effectiveness of these stroke therapies as they allow for the investigation of multiple variables, including task performance time, performance quality, and degree of motor function....
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - June 17, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Systolic hypertension related single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with susceptibility of ischemic stroke.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that genetic variants in systolic pressure-related genotypes may contribute to the etiology of ischemic stroke. PMID: 28682427 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - July 7, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

The Role of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in Patients with History of Stroke: A Systematic Review.
CONCLUSION: Based on the reviewed literature, allopurinol appears to be a promising therapy to improve vascular function and reduce disability in patients who have had a stroke. The benefits seen are in combination with current standard of care treatments with aspirin and lipid-lowering therapy. Larger trials are necessary to better understand the role of allopurinol in patients with history of stroke. PMID: 28933307 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology - September 19, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Britnell SR, Chillari KA, Brown JN Tags: Curr Vasc Pharmacol Source Type: research

Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Treatments for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with significant risk of stroke and other thromboembolic events, which can be effectively prevented using oral anticoagulation (OAC) with either vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) or non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, or edoxaban. Until recently, VKAs were the only available means for OAC treatment. NOACs had similar efficacy and were safer than or as safe as warfarin with respect to reduced rates of hemorrhagic stroke or other intracranial bleeding in the respective pivotal randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of stroke prevention in non-valvular AF...
Source: Advances in Therapy - September 27, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Genetic signatures in ischemic stroke: Focus on aspirin resistance.
Abstract Stroke is one of the leading causes of death. There has been compelling evidence that stroke has a genetic component. Genetic variants not only influence susceptibility to stroke but have also been found to alter the response to pharmacological agents and influence the clinical outcome of the disease. Stroke patients are treated with antiplatelet drugs like aspirin and clopidogrel to prevent a secondary stroke. Inspite the fact that many new antiplatelet drugs have been developed; aspirin is still considered as a golden standard for the antiplatelet therapy. Aspirin achieves its action by inhibiting plate...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - October 2, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Munshi A, Vasudeva K, Chaurasia P, Singh S Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Post-Stroke Depression: Mechanisms and Pharmacological Treatment
Publication date: Available online 9 November 2017 Source:Pharmacology & Therapeutics Author(s): Roberto Federico Villa, Federica Ferrari, Antonio Moretti Depression, the most frequent psychiatric disorder following ischaemic stroke, negatively affects survivals' functional outcome, response to rehabilitation and quality of life. Approximately, one-third of them are affected by post-stroke depression (PSD), making it a serious social and public health problem and anti-depressant preventive and curative therapies worth investigating. However, a two-way association between depression and stroke has been also establi...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 9, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Systems Pharmacology Dissection of the Anti-Stroke Mechanism for the Chinese Traditional Medicine Xing-Nao-Jing
In this study, a systems pharmacology strategy based on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics data was applied to analyze the pharmacological effect of XNJ on stroke. Sixteen active compounds were filtered from XNJ through Drug-likeness (DL) and Brain-blood-barrier (BBB) evaluations. Ninety-four potential targets of these active components were identified by SysDT and SEA. Biological process and pathway enrichment analyses of these targets demonstrated that XNJ exerted anti-stroke effects by biological processes and pathways, such as the response to oxidative stress, regulation of blood pressure, calcium signaling pathway, ...
Source: Journal of Pharmacological Sciences - December 20, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effects of total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii rhizome on grey and white matter injury evaluated by quantitative multiparametric MRI in a rat model of ischemic stroke
Conclusion Our results suggested the potential protective and repair-promoting effects of TSTT on grey and white matter from damage induced by ischemia. This study provides a modern pharmacological basis for the application of TSTT in managing ischemic stroke. Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - January 12, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Necroptosis Signaling Pathways in Stroke: from Mechanisms to Therapies.
Abstract It has been confirmed that apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis are the three major modes of cell death. For a long time, necrosis is regarded as a deranged or accidental cell demise. In recent years, there is evidence showing that necrotic cell death can be a well regulated and orchestrated event, which is also known as programmed cell death or "necroptosis". Necroptosis can be triggered by a variety of external stimuli and regulated by a caspase-independent pathway. It plays a key role in the pathogenesis of some diseases including neurological diseases. In the past two decades, a variety of studi...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - April 16, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jun-Long H, Yi L, Bao-Lian Z, Jia-Si L, Ning Z, Zhou-Heng Y, Xue-Jun S, Wen-Wu L Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Advances in stroke pharmacology
Publication date: Available online 25 May 2018Source: Pharmacology & TherapeuticsAuthor(s): Zhenhua Zhou, Jianfei Lu, Wen-Wu Liu, Anatol Manaenko, Xianhua Hou, Qiyong Mei, Jun-Long Huang, Jiping Tang, John H. Zhang, Honghong Yao, Qin HuAbstractStroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel is blocked or ruptured, and it is the major cause of death and adult disability worldwide. Various pharmacological agents have been developed for the treatment of stroke either through interrupting the molecular pathways leading to neuronal death or enhancing neuronal survival and regeneration. Except for rtPA, few of these agents have succe...
Source: Pharmacology and Therapeutics - July 6, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Blood biomarkers for ischemic stroke subtype differentiation: A systematic review.
Conclusion Our systematic review does not recommend the use of any blood biomarker for clinical purposes based on the studies conducted till date. BNP and D-dimer may present optimal biomarker for diagnosis and differentiation of ischemic stroke. However, large well-designed clinical studies are required to validate utility of these biomarkers to differentiate subtypes of ischemic stroke. PMID: 30160220 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cardiovascular and Hematological Disorders Drug Targets - September 1, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Executive (dys)function after stroke: special considerations for behavioral pharmacology
Stroke is a worldwide leading cause of death and long-term disability with concurrent secondary consequences that are largely comprised of mood dysfunction, as well as sensory, motor, and cognitive deficits. This review focuses on the cognitive deficits associated with stroke specific to executive dysfunction (including decision making, working memory, and cognitive flexibility) in humans, nonhuman primates, and additional animal models. Further, we review some of the cellular and molecular underpinnings of the individual components of executive dysfunction and their neuroanatomical substrates after stroke, with an emphasi...
Source: Behavioural Pharmacology - September 15, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research

Positive effects of α-asarone on transplanted neural progenitor cells in a murine model of ischemic stroke
Conclusionα-asarone may promote NPC proliferation and differentiation into neuron-lineage cells by activating β-catenin, cyclin D1, and ERK. Moreover, α-asarone treatment facilitated neurofunctional recovery after NPC transplantation in a murine model of ischemic stroke. Therefore, α-asarone is a potential adjunct treatment to NPC therapy for functional restoration after brain injuries such as ischemic stroke.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with functional task training on motor recovery in stroke patients.
This article reviews the state-of-the-art of neuromodulation for stroke and discusses the opportunities and challenges available for clinicians and researchers interested in advancing neuromodulation therapy. The annual worldwide incidence of stroke ranges from 27.5 to 63 individuals per 100,000. Stroke, a major cause of adult disability, has devastating effects on patients and their caregivers, which has a tremendous socioeconomic impact on families and healthcare systems around the world. There are only a few treatments available for the improvement of motor function in stroke patients. The majority of these treatments a...
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - November 24, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research