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Total 25434 results found since Jan 2013.

Reflex syncope in the UK Armed Forces
Conclusions These data are the first to define the incidence and prevalence of syncope in the UKAF. Orthostasis and heat are probable triggers, although recruits are potentially protected. These data offer opportunities to improve the health and well-being of SP, with economic, logistical and reputational benefits for the UKAF. Further research to identify personnel at risk of future syncopal events may allow for targeted use of countermeasures.
Source: Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps - September 22, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Parsons, I., Ellwood, J., Stacey, M. J., Gall, N., Grundy-Bowers, M., Chowienczyk, P., Woods, D. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

The effect of herpes zoster vaccination on the occurrence of deaths due to dementia in England and Wales
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that HZ vaccination improved cognitive function at a fairly advanced stage of the dementia disease process because most individuals whose underlying cause of death was dementia during our nine-year follow-up period were likely already living with dementia at the start of the HZ vaccination program. By using a different population, type of data, and outcome than our prior study in Welsh electronic health record data, this analysis adds to the evidence base that HZ vaccination slows, or potentially even prevents, the natural history of dementia.PMID:37732219 | PMC:PMC10508823 | DOI:10.1101/2023.09.08.23295225
Source: Herpes - September 21, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Felix Michalik Min Xie Markus Eyting Simon He ß Seunghun Chung Pascal Geldsetzer Source Type: research

Effects of epicatechin on cardiovascular function in middle-aged diet-induced obese rat models of metabolic syndrome
This study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effects of epicatechin, a flavonoid found in green tea and cocoa, in attenuating complications associated with metabolic syndrome in diet-induced obese rats.Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats aged 16 weeks were fed either standard rat chow (SC) or given a high-fat-high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet for 20 weeks. Epicatechin treatment (5mg/kg/day) was administered to a subset of WKY rats commencing at week 8 of the 20 week HFHC feeding period. Body weights, food, water and energy intakes, blood pressure, heart rate and glucose tolerance were measured throughout the treatment period. O...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - September 21, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: Kylie Connolly Romeo Batacan Douglas Jackson Andrew Fenning Source Type: research

Sex differences in iron status during military training: a prospective cohort study of longitudinal changes and associations with endurance performance and musculoskeletal outcomes
This study investigated sex differences in iron status, and associations between iron status and endurance and musculoskeletal outcomes, in military training. 2,277 British Army trainees (581 women) participated. Iron markers and endurance performance (2.4 km run) were measured at the start (week 1) and end (week 13) of training. Whole-body areal body mineral density (aBMD) and markers of bone metabolism were measured at week 1. Injuries during training were recorded. Training decreased haemoglobin in men and women (mean change [95% CI], -0.1 [-0.2, -0.0] and -0.7 [-0.9, -0.6] g∙dL-1, both p < 0.001), but more so in w...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - September 21, 2023 Category: Nutrition Authors: Thomas J O'Leary Sarah Jackson Rachel M Izard Neil P Walsh Charlotte V Coombs Alexander T Carswell Samuel J Oliver Jonathan Cy Tang William D Fraser Julie P Greeves Source Type: research

Emulsifiers in ultra-processed foods in the United Kingdom food supply
CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this study are the first to demonstrate the wide-spread occurrence and co-occurrence of emulsifiers in UPF in the UK food supply.PMID:37732384 | DOI:10.1017/S1368980023002021
Source: Public Health Nutrition - September 21, 2023 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Alicia Sandall Leanne Smith Erika Svensen Kevin Whelan Source Type: research

Surrogate Adiposity Markers and Mortality
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, WHR had the strongest and most consistent association with mortality irrespective of BMI. Clinical recommendations should consider focusing on adiposity distribution compared with mass.PMID:37728925 | DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34836
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 20, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Irfan Khan Michael Chong Ann Le Pedrum Mohammadi-Shemirani Robert Morton Christina Brinza Michel Kiflen Sukrit Narula Loubna Akhabir Shihong Mao Katherine Morrison Marie Pigeyre Guillaume Par é Source Type: research

Recruiting the next generation of rural healthcare practitioners: the impact of an online mentoring program on career and educational goals in rural youth
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that online mentoring can direct rural youths' career interests toward, and provide a refreshing approach to imparting information about, healthcare professions. Although its longitudinal impacts need to be studied, the changes in attitudes and gains in knowledge observed while participating in this program put these students on the right track for eventually transitioning to health science programs. Arming rural youth with the knowledge and motivation to pursue healthcare careers through near-peer mentorship could be a unique strategy for increasing rural student representation in health sc...
Source: Rural Remote Health - September 20, 2023 Category: Rural Health Authors: Juliet Oshiro Katherine Wisener Angela L Nash Blair Stanley Sandra Jarvis-Selinger Source Type: research

Experiences of Indigenous Patients Receiving Dialysis: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
CONCLUSIONS: Indigenous patients receiving dialysis experience inequities in healthcare which compounds existing accessibility issues caused by colonization. Improving the accessibility and cultural responsiveness of dialysis and kidney transplant services in collaboration with Indigenous stakeholders holds promise to enhance the experience of Indigenous patients receiving dialysis.PMID:37730171 | DOI:10.1053/j.ajkd.2023.07.014
Source: Rural Remote Health - September 20, 2023 Category: Rural Health Authors: Marianne Kerr Allison Jaure Jacqueline H Stephens Siah Kim Richard Cutler Brydee Cashmore Michelle Dickson Nicole Evangelidis Jaquelyne T Hughes Ieyesha Roberts Nicole Scholes-Robertson Victoria Sinka GradDip Jonathan C Craig Source Type: research

Recruiting the next generation of rural healthcare practitioners: the impact of an online mentoring program on career and educational goals in rural youth
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that online mentoring can direct rural youths' career interests toward, and provide a refreshing approach to imparting information about, healthcare professions. Although its longitudinal impacts need to be studied, the changes in attitudes and gains in knowledge observed while participating in this program put these students on the right track for eventually transitioning to health science programs. Arming rural youth with the knowledge and motivation to pursue healthcare careers through near-peer mentorship could be a unique strategy for increasing rural student representation in health sc...
Source: Rural Remote Health - September 20, 2023 Category: Rural Health Authors: Juliet Oshiro Katherine Wisener Angela L Nash Blair Stanley Sandra Jarvis-Selinger Source Type: research

Multi-Cancer Early Detection: The New Frontier in Cancer Early Detection
Annu Rev Med. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033624. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe new generation of cancer early detection tests holds remarkable promise for revolutionizing and changing the paradigm of cancer early detection. Dozens of cancer early detection tests are being developed and evaluated. Some are already commercialized and available for use, most as a complement to and not in place of existing recommended cancer screening tests. This review evaluates existing single- and multi-cancer early detection tests (MCEDs), discussing their performance characteristics including sensitivity, specificity...
Source: Annual Review of Medicine - September 20, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Carmen E Guerra Prateek V Sharma Brenda S Castillo Source Type: research

The quality and clinical translation of radiomics studies based on MRI for predicting Ki-67 levels in patients with breast cancer
CONCLUSION: Ki-67 index is a common tumor biomarker with high clinical value. Radiomics is an ever-growing quantitative data-mining method helping predict tumor biomarkers from medical images. However, the quality of the reviewed studies evaluated by the RQS was not so satisfactory and there are ample opportunities for improvement. Open science and data, external validation, phantom study, publicly open radiomics database and standardization in the radiomics practice are what researchers should pay more attention to in the future.ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The RQS tool considered the radiomics used to predict the Ki-67 level w...
Source: The British Journal of Radiology - September 19, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Min Wang Ting Mei Youling Gong Source Type: research

Global Bibliometric Analysis of Leishmaniasis Literature for the Last 20 Years and Investigating the Contribution of T ürkiye
CONCLUSION: The number of publications, especially in endemic areas, was found to be limited other than Brazil. Studies in this area should be supported to ensure the eradication of the disease.PMID:37724362 | DOI:10.4274/tpd.galenos.2023.76376
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - September 19, 2023 Category: Parasitology Authors: Sevil Alkan O ğuz Evlice Mustafa Serhat Şahinoğlu Source Type: research

Ranitidine Use and Incident Cancer in a Multinational Cohort
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study, ranitidine use was not associated with an increased risk of cancer compared with the use of other H2RAs. Further research is needed on the long-term association of ranitidine with cancer development.PMID:37725377 | DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.33495
Source: Cancer Control - September 19, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Seng Chan You Seung In Seo Thomas Falconer Chen Yanover Talita Duarte-Salles Sarah Seager Jose D Posada Nigam H Shah Phung-Anh Nguyen Yeesuk Kim Jason C Hsu Mui Van Zandt Min-Huei Hsu Hang Lak Lee Heejoo Ko Woon Geon Shin Nicole Pratt Rae Woong Park Chris Source Type: research

Axial length elongation profiles from 3 to 6 years in an Asian paediatric population: the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes birth cohort study (GUSTO)
CONCLUSION: In this preschool cohort, AL elongates at an average length of 0.80 mm from 3 to 6 years, with myopes demonstrating the greatest elongation. The differences in 95th percentile limits for AL elongation between myopes, emmetropes and hyperopes can be valuable information in identifying myopia development in preschool children.PMID:37726156 | DOI:10.1136/bjo-2023-323906
Source: The British Journal of Ophthalmology - September 19, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Authors: David Ziyou Chen Charlene Wong Janice Sing Harn Lam Chen-Hsin Sun Yien Lai Victor Teck Chang Koh Yap-Seng Chong Seang-Mei Saw Yih-Chung Tham Cheryl Ngo Source Type: research

Patient and public involvement in pragmatic trials: online survey of corresponding authors of published trials
CMAJ Open. 2023 Sep 19;11(5):E826-E837. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20220198. Print 2023 Sep-Oct.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: There are few data on patient and public involvement (PPI) in pragmatic trials. We aimed to describe the prevalence and nature of PPI within pragmatic trials, describe variation in prevalence of PPI by trial characteristics and compare prevalence of PPI reported by trial authors to that reported in trial publications.METHODS: We applied a search filter to identify pragmatic trials published from 2014 to 2019 in MEDLINE. We invited the corresponding authors of pragmatic trials to participate in an online survey about ...
Source: cmaj - September 19, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Shelley Vanderhout Pascale Nevins Stuart G Nicholls Colin Macarthur Jamie C Brehaut Beth K Potter Kate Gillies Beatriz Goulao Maureen Smith Alicia Hilderley Kelly Carroll Anne Spinewine Charles Weijer Dean A Fergusson Monica Taljaard Source Type: research