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Safety and efficacy of GABAA α5 antagonist S44819 in patients with ischaemic stroke: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Publication date: March 2020Source: The Lancet Neurology, Volume 19, Issue 3Author(s): Hugues Chabriat, Claudio L Bassetti, Ute Marx, Marie-Laure Audoli-Inthavong, Aurore Sors, Estelle Lambert, Marine Wattez, Dirk M Hermann, Katharina ALTHAUS, Sergi AMARO, Hee-Joon BAE, Zbigniew BAK, Leonardo BARBARINI, Pietro BASSI, Rodrigo BAZAN, Daniel BERECZKI, Tomasz BERKOWICZ, Joerg BERROUSCHOT, Dylan BLACQUIERE, Waldemar BROLASummaryBackgroundS44819, a selective GABAA α5 receptor antagonist, reduces tonic post-ischaemic inhibition of the peri-infarct cortex. S44819 improved stroke recovery in rodents and increased cortical excitabi...
Source: The Lancet Neurology - February 19, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Is bilingualism protective for adults with aphasia?
Publication date: Available online 20 January 2020Source: NeuropsychologiaAuthor(s): Maria Dekhtyar, Swathi Kiran, Teresa GrayAbstractThe bilingual advantage proposes that bilingual individuals have enhanced cognitive control compared to their monolingual counterparts. Bilingualism has also been shown to contribute to cognitive reserve by offsetting the behavioral presentation of brain injury or neural degeneration. However, this effect has not been closely examined in individuals with post-stroke or post-TBI aphasia. Because bilingualism has been suggested as a factor of cognitive reserve, it may provide protective mechan...
Source: Neuropsychologia - January 21, 2020 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Effects of virtual reality on balance and gait in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: The results show the potential benefit of virtual reality interventions to recover balance and gait after stroke. PMID: 31497866 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - September 10, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Dominguez-Tellez P, Moral-Munoz JA, Casado-Fernandez E, Salazar A, Lucena-Anton D Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Comorbid Atrial Fibrillation in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-related Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Between a Rock and a Hard Place
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), including cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA)-related ICH, are age-related conditions that additionally share hypertension as a common risk factor. A Spanish population-based study reported a 50% increase in the prevalence of AF in ICH patients between 2003 (10.5%) and 2012 (15.5%).1 The prevalence of AF and ICH, and their ensuing comorbidity, are expected to continue increasing with global aging demographics.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - September 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Ashkan Shoamanesh, Andreas Charidimou, Kevin N. Sheth Source Type: research

Motor imagery as a complementary technique for functional recovery after stroke: a systematic review.
Conclusions: The use of MI combined with conventional rehabilitation is an effective method for the recovery of functionality after stroke. Due to the great heterogeneity in the scientific literature available, new lines of research are necessary, in order to include well-designed studies of good methodological quality and to establish a consensus regarding the most appropriate protocols. PMID: 31347992 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - July 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: López ND, Monge Pereira E, Centeno EJ, Miangolarra Page JC Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research

Biometric analysis of the Spanish studies on neurorehabilitation in cases of stroke indexed in Medline (2008-2017).
PMID: 31132140 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Revista de Neurologia - May 29, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Torres-Pascual C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez A, Serena-Leal J Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: research

Structural Equation Model (SEM) of Stroke Mortality in Spanish Inpatient Hospital Settings: The Role of Individual and Contextual Factors
Conclusion. Contextual variables, and specifically the availability of stroke units, make a positive impact on individual variables that affect prognosis and mortality in ischemic stroke. Moreover, the determination of this impact is feasible through the use of structural equation methodology. We analyze the methodological and clinical implications of this type of study for hospital policies. Key words: Stroke; mortality; structural equation model; predictive model
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - May 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Age- and Sex-Specific Risk Profiles and In-Hospital Mortality in 13,932 Spanish Stroke Patients
Conclusion: Although most of our findings were consistent with previous studies, it is important to take into account and highlight differences in in-hospital mortality between the sex and age group. Not to account for age-related differences between the sexes can give false results that may mislead management decisions. As most deaths in women were related to stroke, it is important to improve their early management, stroke code activation, access to stroke units and/or revascularisation therapies, especially in the older age groups.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Clinical Improvement Following Stroke Promptly Reverses Post-stroke Cellular Immune Alterations
Conclusions: SIIA are detectable on admission of acute stroke patients. While it was assumed that post-stroke immunosuppression is rapidly reversed with improvement this is the first data set that shows that improvement actually is associated with a rapid reversal of SIIA demonstrating that SIIA require a constant signal to persist. The observation that HMGB-1 serum concentrations were similar in improved and non-improved cohorts argues against a role for this pro-inflammatory mediator in the maintenance of SIIA. Serum miRNA observed to be regulated in stroke in other publications was counter regulated with improvement in ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Post-hoc Study of D-Amino Acid Oxidase in Blood as an Indicator of Post-stroke Dementia
In conclusion, our data support that plasma DAO levels were increased in PSD patients and correlated with brain WMH, independent of age, gender, hypertension, and renal function. Plasma DAO levels may therefore aid in PSD diagnosis. Introduction Stroke is a risk factor for both vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (1, 2). Functional recovery develops over the course of 26 weeks after a stroke (3), but the survivors are often left with disabilities. In addition to the sequelae of acute neuronal damage, the 1-year post-stroke dementia (PSD) rates after first-ever and recurrent stroke are ~10 and 30...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Dysbiosis Index (SDI) in Gut Microbiome Are Associated With Brain Injury and Prognosis of Stroke
Conclusions: We developed an index to measure gut microbiota dysbiosis in stroke patients; this index was significantly correlated with patients' outcome and was causally related to outcome in a mouse model of stroke. Our model facilitates the potential clinical application of gut microbiota data in stroke and adds quantitative evidence linking the gut microbiota to stroke. Introduction Ischemic stroke imposes a heavy burden on society, with 24.9 million cases worldwide (1). Although intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular treatment greatly improve some patients' prognosis, the prognosis for most pa...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

A Novel Homozygous Non-sense Mutation in the Catalytic Domain of MTHFR Causes Severe 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency
Conclusion: We identified a novel non-sense mutation in MTHFR gene in a single Egyptian family with severe MTHFR deficiency. The present investigation is clinically important, as it adds to the growing list of MTHFR mutations, which might help in genetic counseling of families of affected children and proper genotype-phenotype correlation. Background Severe 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; OMIM 236250) deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism and inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. It is a very common disorder of folate metabolism and is clinically characterized with low plasma methion...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 23, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Influence of Sex on Stroke Prognosis: A Demographic, Clinical, and Molecular Analysis
Conclusion Our data suggest that women who suffer from IS present with a poorer functional outcome than men at 3-months, regardless of other preclinical and clinical factors during the acute phase. These relationships seem to be mediated by atrial dysfunction and inflammation. The inflammatory response is slightly higher in women; however, there are no sex differences in their functional behavior. There is a probable relationship between the molecular marker of atrial dysfunction NT-proBNP and worse functional outcome in women, and the connection seems to be more important in cardioembolic stroke patients. In patients wi...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 16, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cell-Based Therapies for Stroke: Promising Solution or Dead End? Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Comorbidities in Preclinical Stroke Research
Conclusion The high prevalence of comorbidities in patients with stroke indicates the need for therapies in preclinical studies that take into account these comorbidities in order to avoid failures in translation to the patient. Preclinical studies are beginning to evaluate the efficacy of MSC treatment in stroke associated with comorbidities, especially hypertension, for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Regarding aging and diabetes, only ischemic stroke studies have been performed. For the moment, few studies have been performed and contradictory results are being reported. These contradictory results may be due to the u...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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