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Total 169 results found since Jan 2013.

Intrathecal/Intraventricular Linezolid in Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Ventriculitis
Conclusion Intrathecal linezolid is a useful treatment in the setting of multidrug-resistant bacterial ventriculitis. We present a useful dosing regimen for the administration of intrathecal linezolid. [...] Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  open access Full text
Source: Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports - November 16, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Lich, Brian F. Conner, Andrew K. Burks, Joshua D. Glenn, Chad A. Sughrue, Michael E. Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Treatment of Eczema: Corticosteroids and Beyond
AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that requires a manifold approach to therapy. The goal of therapy is to restore the function of the epidermal barrier and to reduce skin inflammation. This can be achieved with skin moisturization and topical anti-inflammatory agents, such as topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors. Furthermore, proactive therapy with twice weekly use of both topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors in previously affected areas has been found to reduce the time to the next eczematous flare. Adjunctive treatment options include wet wrap therapy, ant...
Source: Clinical Reviews in Allergy and Immunology - November 24, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Antibiotics in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis: Rethinking maximal antimicrobial medical therapy
ConclusionsThe use of antibiotics without independent anti‐inflammatory properties have limited efficacy in patients with eCRS. The concept of maximal medical therapy using antibiotics must continue to evolve in the setting of new evidence for inflammatory subtypes of CRS. Level of Evidence2b. Laryngoscope, 2016
Source: The Laryngoscope - November 25, 2016 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Ceren G ünel, Benjamin S. Bleier, Ibrahim Meteoglu Tags: Allergy/Rhinology Source Type: research

Different roles of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin in different subtypes of nasal polyps.
This study was designed to investigate the role of inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin (SE) in this disease. The study included a total of 74 patients with CRSwNP and 6 controls. A serum Phadiatop assay was conducted to detect atopy status, and serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and total immunoglobulin (Ig)E levels were determined using ELISA. SEA, SEB, total IgE, ECP and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels in nasal tissue supernatant were measured using ELISA. The results indicated that 15 (22.1%) patients had systemic allergies. On the basis of the ECP/MPO ratio, the patients were divided into an eosinophil...
Source: Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine - January 27, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: Exp Ther Med Source Type: research

Correctly adDRESS the cause of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
We report on the case of a 3-year-old girl with no past medical history, who presented inaugural Pseudomonas aeruginosa maxillary osteitis, with secondary HLH. The rarity of this osteitis, the characteristics of the pathogen, and the onset of HLH oriented the diagnosis toward primary immunodeficiencies, malignancies, or systemic diseases. Steroids were initiated at 2mg/kg/day and were very effective in improving the systemic symptoms. Antibiotic therapy was continued unchanged. A few days after discontinuation of steroids, while the patient was still under antibiotics, she presented with erythroderma. Skin biopsy revealed...
Source: Archives de Pediatrie - January 31, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Penel-Page M, Ben Said B, Phan A, Hees L, Hartmann-Merlin C, Girard S, Gillet Y, Belot A Tags: Arch Pediatr Source Type: research

Inhibition of Host Heme Oxygenase-1 as an Adjunctive Treatment to Improve the Outcome of Conventional Antibiotic Chemotherapy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) Infection
This invention describes the adjunctive use of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inhibitors to improve the outcome of conventional antibiotic treatment for tuberculosis. The existent standard of care requires prolonged administration of drug. Due to the long duration of treatment, methods that can more rapidly control tuberculosis in patients are clearly needed.NIAID researchers have discovered that inhibition of host HO-1 reducesMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) growth in vivo and, more importantly, when used as an adjunct to conventional chemotherapy, results in a marked improvement in pulmonary bacterial control. In particular, it...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - March 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: ajoyprabhu3 Source Type: research

Dental students' knowledge regarding the indications for antibiotics in the management of endodontic infections
ConclusionsIt is necessary for the Spanish Schools of Dentistry to improve students' knowledge about antibiotics and their indications in endodontics. Interactive education analysing real endodontic cases using problem‐based learning would help students acquire better skills in prescribing antibiotics in pulp‐periapical pathosis.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: International Endodontic Journal - April 4, 2017 Category: Dentistry Authors: M. Mart ín‐Jiménez, B. Martín‐Biedma, J. López‐López, O. Alonso‐Ezpeleta, E. Velasco‐Ortega, M.C. Jiménez‐Sánchez, J. J Segura‐Egea Tags: Original Scientific Article Source Type: research

Early life antibiotic use and the risk of asthma and asthma exacerbations in children
ConclusionChildren treated with antibiotic in the first three years of life are more likely to develop asthma, but there is no evidence that the exposure to antibiotic is associated with increased risk of asthma exacerbations.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology - March 1, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Fariba Ahmadizar, Susanne J. H. Vijverberg, Hubertus G. M. Arets, Anthonius de Boer, Steve Turner, Graham Devereux, Ali Arabkhazaeli, Patricia Soares, Somnath Mukhopadhyay, Johan Garssen, Colin N.A. Palmer, Johan C. de Jongste, Vincent WV Jaddoe, Liesbeth Tags: Original Source Type: research

Dental students ’ knowledge regarding the indications for antibiotics in the management of endodontic infections
ConclusionsIt is necessary for the Spanish schools of dentistry to improve students’ knowledge about antibiotics and their indications in endodontics. Interactive education analysing real endodontic cases using problem‐based learning would help students acquire better skills in prescribing antibiotics in pulp–periapical pathosis.
Source: International Endodontic Journal - April 25, 2017 Category: Dentistry Authors: M. Mart ín‐Jiménez, B. Martín‐Biedma, J. López‐López, O. Alonso‐Ezpeleta, E. Velasco‐Ortega, M. C. Jiménez‐Sánchez, J. J. Segura‐Egea Tags: Original Scientific Article Source Type: research

Aggressive necrotizing pseudomonal sinonasal infections
ConclusionP. aeruginosa is a tenacious organism that is frequently associated with severe, recalcitrant sinonasal infections. We report the first case series of necrotizing sinonasal infections caused by this organism, and illustrate that, in rare cases, P. aeruginosa may mimic and behave like life‐threatening conditions such as fulminant invasive fungal sinusitis or malignancy.
Source: International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology - July 14, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Edward C. Kuan, Bobby A. Tajudeen, Kevin C. Welch, Rakesh K. Chandra, Ben J. Glasgow, Jeffrey D. Suh Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Combined Intravitreal and Systemic Antibiotic Therapy in a Patient with Syphilitic Uveitis.
CONCLUSIONS: There are increasing reports of ocular syphilis in the United States and delay in diagnosis and management can lead to severe visual impairment and blindness. We report the first case of adjunct intravitreal antibiotic therapy in a penicillin allergic patient. As ocular syphilis is a form of bacterial endophthalmitis, combination intravitreal and systemic antibiotics may be considered. PMID: 29053397 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - October 21, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Ocul Immunol Inflamm Source Type: research

Signal transducer and activator of transcription gain-of-function primary immunodeficiency/immunodysregulation disorders
Purpose of review: To describe primary immunodeficiencies caused by gain-of-function (GOF) mutations of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) genes, a group of genetically determined disorders characterized by susceptibility to infections and, in many cases, autoimmune manifestations. Recent findings: GOF mutations affecting STAT1 result in increased STAT tyrosine phosphorylation and secondarily increased response to STAT1-signaling cytokines, such as interferons. In contrast, STAT3 hyperactivity is not usually related to hyperphosphorylation but rather to increased STAT3-mediated transcriptional activit...
Source: Current Opinion in Pediatrics - November 9, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Tags: ALLERGY, IMMUNOLOGY AND RELATED DISORDERS: Edited by David B. Lewis Source Type: research

In vitro activity and time ‐kill curve analysis of sitafloxacin against a global panel of antimicrobial‐resistant and multidrug‐resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates
Treatment of gonorrhoea is a challenge worldwide because of emergence of resistance in N. gonorrhoeae to all therapeutic antimicrobials available and novel antimicrobials are imperative. The newer‐generation fluoroquinolone sitafloxacin, mostly used for respiratory tract infections in Japan, can have a high in vitro activity against gonococci. However, only a limited number of recent antimicrobial‐resistant isolates from Japan have been examined. We investigated the sitafloxacin activity against a global gonococcal panel (250 isolates cultured in 1991–2013), including multidrug‐resistant geographically, temporally ...
Source: APMIS - November 20, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Agnez J önsson, Sunniva Foerster, Daniel Golparian, Ryoichi Hamasuna, Susanne Jacobsson, Magnus Lindberg, Jörgen Skov Jensen, Makoto Ohnishi, Magnus Unemo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Wheezing and Lung infection in school children and response to antibiotic treatment
Conclusion: In school children who have persistent wheezing chronic bacterial infections are common and important to detect and treat, those children benefit significantly from antibiotic therapy and symptoms are less frequent.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 6, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vidanovic, I., Kamenov, S., Tosic, M. Tags: Paediatric Asthma and Allergy Source Type: research

Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sternal Osteomyelitis: Suggested Reconstructive Approach and Novel Optimization of Antimicrobial Therapeutics
Conclusions Osteomyelitis secondary to XDR P. aeruginosa is exceedingly rare in the literature. Individuals with this type of infection can be successfully treated with aggressive surgical debridement, subsequent reconstruction using bilateral pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps and a rectus abdominis muscle flap for coverage of the sternal wound, and both guided and targeted parental antibiotics. Lastly, the innovative use of antibiotic concentrations was instrumental in targeting the appropriate dose of antimicrobials in this patient.
Source: Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice - December 23, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research