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Academic outcome in pediatric ischemic stroke.
Abstract An important cause of acquired brain injury in children, pediatric ischemic stroke can cause sequelae across a wide range of cognitive domains, including verbal reasoning and processing speed. As a result, survivors are especially vulnerable to academic difficulties and face unique challenges compared to their peers. Despite this knowledge, pediatric stroke remains an understudied neurological condition, and its impact on school functioning poorly understood. The present clinical study addressed academic outcome in this population using a multifaceted approach. Patients were recruited for participation fr...
Source: Child Neuropsychology - January 8, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Champigny CM, Deotto A, Westmacott R, Dlamini N, Desrocher M Tags: Child Neuropsychol Source Type: research

Activity Performance, Participation, and Quality of Life Among Adults in the Chronic Stage After Acquired Brain Injury —The Feasibility of an Occupation-Based Telerehabilitation Intervention
Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of a metacognitive occupation-based telerehabilitation intervention and its potential benefits in activity performance, participation, and QoL for older adults coping with long-term disability following ABI.Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03048708.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - December 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Early Botulinum Toxin Injections for Spasticity Management Post-stroke: A Delphi-based Canadian Consensus
To create a Canadian consensus statement on early intervention with botulinum toxin-A (BoNTA) injections for spasticity post-stroke. Spasticity is commonly seen in the early weeks post-stroke; if left untreated in this early period, spasticity can lead to contractures and further disability. Literature review indicates that there are very few studies examining the benefits of early BoNTA intervention on spasticity and function post-stroke. Although physicians choose to inject BoNTA in the early period post-stroke to manage spasticity, it is not clear what some of the clinical parameters are that can be used to assist in de...
Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - November 23, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Farooq Ismail, Chris Boulias, Chetan Phadke, Jehane Dagher, Karen Ethans, Omar Khan, Galit Kleiner, Rodney Li Pi Shan, Nathania Liem, Alto Lo, Stephen McNeil, Patricia Mills, Marc Petitclerc, Rajiv Reebye, Will Ryan, Amra Saric, Lalith Satkunam, Saty Shar Tags: Late breaking research poster Source Type: research

End-user and clinician perspectives on the viability of wearable functional electrical stimulation garments after stroke and spinal cord injury.
Conclusions: The insights obtained from end-users and clinicians provide guidelines to optimize the development of novel FES-garments, and strategies for bringing the device to the market. The themes identified can serve to inform other rehabilitation and assistive technology developers with processes and ideas on how to meet these groups' needs. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Participants with neurological paralysis have interest and critical views on new rehabilitation and assistive technology, and the repercussions of using new technologies to address their function, health and wellbeing. The FES-garment design present...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology. - October 7, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Moineau B, Myers M, Ali SS, Popovic MR, Hitzig SL Tags: Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol Source Type: research

Demystifying spasticity in primary care.
CONCLUSION: Managing spasticity might be unfamiliar to many practitioners. It is important for physicians to understand spasticity and the potential treatment options available to improve quality of life. The current review provides concise information on the clinical relevance of spasticity in primary care and how to assess and manage it effectively and efficiently in those with chronic neurologic conditions. PMID: 31604736 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien - September 30, 2019 Category: Primary Care Authors: Milligan J, Ryan K, Lee J Tags: Can Fam Physician Source Type: research

Stroke self-management and the role of self-efficacy.
Conclusions: Engagement in a stroke-specific self-management program can improve client-perceived occupational performance and satisfaction. Self-efficacy was shown to be a mediating variable to occupational performance improvements. Future research should explore further the facilitatory strategies of self-efficacy during stroke self-management programs to maximize rehabilitation outcomes. Implications for rehabilitation Multi-modal self-management programs are recommended as effective for improving client-perceived occupational performance of people who have experienced stroke. Returning to valued occupations, goal setti...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - September 26, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Nott M, Wiseman L, Seymour T, Pike S, Cuming T, Wall G Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Post-stroke Depression Increases Disability More Than 15% in Ischemic Stroke Survivors: A Case-Control Study
We performed a retrospective, case-control study in consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted to our stroke rehabilitation unit. Patients were matched for severity of neurological impairment (evaluated with the Canadian Neurological Scale, CNS), age (difference within 1 year) and onset admission interval (difference within 3 days). Participants were divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of PSD. Aim was to assess the specific influence of post-stroke depression (PSD) and antidepressant treatment on both basal functional status and rehabilitation outcomes. All PSD patients were treated primarily...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - August 26, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Treating stroke patients just 15 minutes earlier can save lives
Initiating stroke treatment just 15 minutes faster can save lives and prevent disability, according to a new UCLA-led study, published today inJAMA. The research also determined that busier hospitals — those that treat more than 450 people for stroke each year — have better outcomes than those that treat fewer than 400 stroke patients per year.Researchers at the  David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and five other institutions in the U.S. and Canada, examined data for 6,756 people who experienced ischemic strokes. The patients ’ median age was 71, and 51.2% were women.The researchers looked at stroke patients ’...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 16, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Cognitive oriented strategy training augmented rehabilitation (COSTAR) for ischemic stroke: a pilot exploratory randomized controlled study.
Conclusion: Negligible findings may be attributed to an inadvertent treatment group equivalency. Further, the research design did not allow for adequate measurement of the effect of each intervention on participants' ability to generalize learned skills. Implications for rehabilitation Stroke rehabilitation is largely based upon the principles of task-specific training, which is associated with improvements in upper extremity motor performance; however, TST requires a heavy dosage and lacks generalization to untrained activities. Cognitive strategy use has been associated with improved generalization of treatment to untrai...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - May 31, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Wolf TJ, Doherty M, Boone A, Rios J, Polatajko H, Baum C, McEwen S Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Clinical provision of compensatory visual training after neurological injury: example of a multisite outpatient program.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that visual retraining is feasible in this clinical outpatient setting. Implications for rehabilitation This program of visual retraining was provided to individuals with visual impairment (e.g., hemianopia) and visual perceptual impairment (e.g., unilateral spatial neglect) as a result of neurological injury. In this outpatient program, visual rehabilitation was feasible and appeared to improve outcomes among a heterogeneous clinical population. Fundamental characteristics of visual compensatory training at this program included repetitive practice of adaptive scanning behaviors across multip...
Source: Disability and Rehabilitation - May 22, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Metzler MJ, Maiani M, Jamieson B, Dukelow SP Tags: Disabil Rehabil Source Type: research

Reduction of Leukocyte Microvascular Adherence and Preservation of Blood-Brain Barrier Function by Superoxide-Lowering Therapies in a Piglet Model of Neonatal Asphyxia
Conclusion: Using three different strategies to either prevent formation or enhance elimination of O2⋅_ during the post-asphyxial period, we saw both reduced leukocyte adherence and preserved BBB function with treatment. These findings suggest that agents which lower O2⋅_ in brain may be attractive new therapeutic interventions for the protection of the neonatal brain following asphyxia. Introduction Asphyxia is a relatively common source of neonatal brain damage (1), affecting ~2 in every 1,000 births (2). The hypoxic ischemia resulting from this oxygen deprivation can produ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 30, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Ambient Conditions Prior to Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games: Considerations for Acclimation or Acclimatization Strategies
This study was supported by ZonMw (Project: Thermo Tokyo: Beat the heat), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) (Project: Citius, Altius, Sanius), and Heatshield, under EU Horizon 2020 grant agreement No 668786. Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Tatsuro Amano (Niigata University, Japan) for his assistance with translating the Japanese Meteorological Agency website. Footnotes ^ https://rdrr.io/g...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Psychosis Polyrisk Score (PPS) for the Detection of Individuals At-Risk and the Prediction of Their Outcomes
Conclusions The combination of risk/protective factors encompassing genetic (PRS) and non-genetic information (PPS) holds promise for overcoming the epidemiological weakness of the CHR-P paradigm. The PPS conceptually and empirically developed here will facilitate future research in this field and hopefully advance our ability to detect individuals at-risk for psychosis and forecast their clinical outcomes. Ethics Statement This study was supported by the King's College London Confidence in Concept award from the Medical Research Council (MRC) (MC_PC_16048) to PF-P. This study also represents independent researc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Brain Injury: Postoperative Cerebral Hemodynamic Evaluation
Conclusion: There is a wide heterogeneity of postoperative cerebral hemodynamic findings among TBI patients who underwent DC, including hemodynamic heterogeneity between their cerebral hemispheres. DC was proved to be effective for the treatment of cerebral oligoemia. Our data support the concept of heterogeneous nature of the pathophysiology of the TBI and suggest that DC as the sole treatment modality is insufficient. Introduction Decompressive craniectomy (DC) may effectively decrease intracranial pressure (ICP) and increase cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients with refracto...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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