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Antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37 preserves intestinal barrier and organ function in rats with heat stroke
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Mar 21;161:114565. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114565. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGlobal warming increases the incidence of heat stroke (HS) and HS causes the reduction of visceral blood flow during hyperthermia, leading to intestinal barrier disruption, microbial translocation, systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure. Cathelicidin LL-37 exhibits antimicrobial activities, helps innate immunity within the gut to maintain intestinal homeostasis, and augments intestinal wound healing and barrier function. Thus, we evaluated the effects and possible mechanisms of cathelicidin LL-37 on HS. W...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - March 23, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chih-Chin Shih Wei-Chieh Liao Hung-Yen Ke Chia-Wen Kuo Cheng-Ming Tsao Wen-Chiuan Tsai Yi-Lin Chiu Hsieh-Chou Huang Chin-Chen Wu Source Type: research

Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma: A comprehensive review of its chemical composition, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicity
Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR, Shi Chang Pu in Chinese), a natural product with multiple targets in various diseases. This review provides the comprehensive summary of the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics parameters and toxicity of ATR. The results indicated that ATR possesses a wide spectrum of chemical composition, including volatile oil, terpenoids, organic acids, flavonoids, amino acids, lignin, carbohydrates and so on. Accumulating evidence from various studies has shown that ATR exerts a wide range of pharmacological properties, including protecting nerve cells, alleviating learning an...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 16, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Risk of Thromboembolic Events and Associated Healthcare Costs in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
ConclusionsPatients with IBD experienced greater rates of DVT and PE compared to patients without IMD; this elevated risk was associated with a substantial economic burden.
Source: Advances in Therapy - December 7, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Risk of thromboembolic events and associated risk factors, including treatments, in patients with immune-mediated diseases
This study assessed the association between thromboembolic events (TEs) and immune-mediated diseases (IMDs) and characterized the risk profile of TEs among patients with IMDs.METHODS: An administrative claims database (2014-2018) was used to identify adults with ≥2 diagnoses on different dates for ≥1 IMD (IMD cohort; ankylosing spondylitis, atopic dermatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus); patients without an IMD diagnosis were assigned to the non-IMD cohort. Patients in the IMD cohort were matched 1:1 to patients ...
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - July 9, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Juliana Setyawan Fan Mu Andres Yarur Miriam L Zichlin Hongbo Yang Catherine Fernan Emma Billmyer Nathaniel Downes Nassir Azimi Vibeke Strand Source Type: research

Pharmacological Inhibition of the Nod-Like Receptor Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome with MCC950
Pharmacol Rev. 2021 Jul;73(3):968-1000. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000171.ABSTRACTActivation of the Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome drives release of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and induces pyroptosis (lytic cell death). These events drive chronic inflammation, and as such, NLRP3 has been implicated in a large number of human diseases. These range from autoimmune conditions, the simplest of which is NLRP3 gain-of-function mutations leading to an orphan disease, cryopyrin-associated period syndrome, to large disease burden indications, such as atheroscl...
Source: Pharmacological Reviews - June 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sarah E Corcoran Reena Halai Matthew A Cooper Source Type: research

CDKN2B-AS1: An indispensable long non-coding RNA in multiple diseases.
CONCLUSIONS: Long non-coding RNA CDKN2B-AS1 likely serves as a promising therapeutic target or prognosis biomarker in multiple human diseases. PMID: 32767927 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - August 4, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Song C, Qi Y, Zhang J, Guo C, Yuan C Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Pharmacological Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism Among Hospitalized Patients With Acute Medical Illness: An Electronic Medical Records Study
The objectives of this study were to examine pharmacological prophylaxis against VTE among hospitalized medically ill patients and to assess demographic and clinical correlates related to VTE prophylaxis. A retrospective (1999–2010) electronic medical records study included patients aged 40 years and older hospitalized for at least 3 days, with significant medical illness or with a VTE hospitalization 30–365 days before admission. Each patient's first qualifying hospitalization was analyzed. Exclusions were if VTE treatment was started within 1 day of admission, or if warfarin (and not heparin or enoxaparin) was used. ...
Source: American Journal of Therapeutics - March 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Smoking behaviour and knowledge of the health effects of smoking in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
ConclusionAlthough patients with Crohn's disease were better informed on the detrimental effects of smoking, the awareness rate was still low.
Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - October 5, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: C. De Bie, V. Ballet, N. Hendriks, S. Coenen, E. Weyts, G. Van Assche, S. Vermeire, M. Ferrante Tags: Original Scientific Paper Source Type: research

The Toll-like Receptor Radical Cycle pathway: a new drug target in immune-related chronic fatigue.
Abstract In this review we discuss that peripheral and central activation of the Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4) Radical Cycle may underpin the pathophysiology of immune-related chronic fatigue secondary to other medical diseases and conditions. The TLR Radical Cycle plays a role in illnesses and conditions that are disproportionately commonly comorbid with secondary chronic fatigue, including a) neuroinflammatory disorders, e.g. Parkinson's disease, stroke, depression, psychological stressors, and b) systemic disorders, e.g. (auto)immune disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ankylosing spondylitis, ch...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - March 17, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Lucas K, Morris G, Anderson G, Maes M Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research