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Statin and dual antiplatelet therapy for the prevention of early neurological deterioration and recurrent stroke in branch atheromatous disease: a protocol for a prospective single-arm study using a historical control for comparison
Introduction Branch atheromatous disease (BAD) contributes to small-vessel occlusion in cases of occlusion or stenosis of large calibre penetrating arteries, and it is associated with a higher possibility of early neurological deterioration (END) and recurrent stroke in acute ischaemic stroke. As the pathology of BAD is due to atherosclerosis, we postulate that early intensive medical treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and high-intensity statins may prevent END and recurrent stroke in acute small subcortical infarction caused by BAD. Methods and analysis In this prospective, single-centre, open-label, non-ran...
Source: BMJ Open - November 26, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Huang, Y.-C., Lee, J.-D., Weng, H.-H., Lin, L.-C., Tsai, Y.-H., Yang, J.-T. Tags: Open access, Neurology Source Type: research

Predictive models for adverse clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting
CONCLUSION: Chinese patients with AF and coronary stenting had high mortality and incidence of MACCE. We compiled separate predictive models for all-cause death, IS/STE, MACCE, and major bleeding.PMID:34353224 | DOI:10.1080/00015385.2021.1950367
Source: Acta Cardiologica - August 6, 2021 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jian-Yong Zheng Yi Cao Dong-Tao Li Yi-Gang Qiu Li Zhao Zheng-Ming Xu Yi-Xiong Huang Zhi-Bo Hong Tian-Chang Li Yi-Da Tang Cheng-Jun Guo Zhi-Min Ma Yong-Quan Wu Yu Chen Source Type: research

Association Between Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Cardiovascular Events and Atherosclerotic Plaque.
Conclusions: Cardiovascular events were higher after initiation of ICIs, potentially mediated by accelerated progression of atherosclerosis. Optimization of cardiovascular risk factors and increased awareness of cardiovascular risk, prior to, during and after treatment, should be considered among patients on an ICI. PMID: 33003973 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - October 1, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Drobni ZD, Alvi RM, Taron J, Zafar A, Murphy SP, Rambarat PK, Mosarla RC, Lee C, Zlotoff DA, Raghu VK, Hartmann SE, Gilman HK, Gong J, Zubiri L, Sullivan RJ, Reynolds KL, Mayrhofer T, Zhang L, Hoffmann U, Neilan TG Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Apolipoproteins B and A1 in Ischemic Stroke Subtypes
Introduction: Elevated serum apolipoprotein B and the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio have been associated with ischemic stroke and intracranial atherosclerotic disease. We sought to assess the relationship between serum levels of apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, and the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio with ischemic stroke subtypes and large artery atherosclerosis location. Materials and Methods: We evaluated serum apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein A1 levels in consecutive, statin-na ïve, adult ischemic stroke patients admitted to an academic medical center in southern India.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - February 9, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Rizwan Kalani, Soumya Krishnamoorthy, D. Deepa, Srinivas Gopala, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, David Tirschwell, P.N. Sylaja Source Type: research

Ability to Suppress TGF- β-Activated Myofibroblast Differentiation Distinguishes the Anti-pulmonary Fibrosis Efficacy of Two Danshen-Containing Chinese Herbal Medicine Prescriptions
Conclusion: This study suggests that a clinically efficacious cardiovascular Chinese herbal medicine (DLP) can be successfully repurposed to treat a lung disease in pulmonary fibrosis guided by TCM theory. Our comparative study between DLP and DHP demonstrated a critical requirement of suppressing both pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic pathways for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, supporting that a multi-component prescription capable of “removing both phlegm and blood stasis” will better achieve co-protection of heart and lung in PHD. Introduction Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Is Associated With Circadian and Other Variability in Embolus Detection
Conclusions: Embolism associated with asymptomatic carotid stenosis shows circadian variation with highest rates 4–6 h before midday. This corresponds with peak circadian incidence of stroke and other vascular complications. These and ASED Study results show that monitoring frequency, duration, and time of day are important in ES detection. Introduction Transcranial Doppler (TCD) detected microembolism in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) may help stratify the risk of stroke and other arterial disease complications in persons with advanced (≥60%) asymptomatic carotid stenosis. If so, this t...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 15, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Nrf2 as a Potential Mediator of Cardiovascular Risk in Metabolic Diseases
Conclusion Activation of the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant system plays an important role in cell defense against oxidative stress damage, whereas the insufficiency of the Nrf2 system is associated with multiple aspects of the genesis and progression of metabolic diseases, posing a great risk to the cardiovascular system (Figure 1). The systemic increase of Nrf2 activity by several activators may be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases. In addition, selective upregulation of Nrf2 genes may represent a potential therapy in obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis. Looking to the future, experimental research that el...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effect of Inflammation on the Process of Stroke Rehabilitation and Poststroke Depression
Conclusions Stroke comprises ischemic stroke and ICH. The immuno-inflammatory process is involved in neural plasticity following events such as a hemorrhage or ischemic stroke. After ischemia, astrocytes, microglia, and MDMs play important roles during rehabilitation with the modulation of cytokines or chemokines, such as TNF-α and IL-1. Moreover, MiRNAs are also important posttranscriptional regulators in these glial mitochondrial responses to cerebral ischemia. ICH involves processes similar and different to those seen in ischemia, including neuronal injury, astrocytic and microglial/macrophage activation, and n...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 10, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Combining Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells With Erythropoietin Enhances Angiogenesis/Neurogenesis and Behavioral Recovery After Stroke
In conclusion, our results suggest that hUCBC infusion in combination with EPO administration demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of stroke-induced injury by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Further research that delineates the therapeutic mechanism of systemically administered hUCBC and EPO is required. Ethics Statement All experimental procedures involving animals were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals as adopted and promulgated by the U. S. National Institutes of Health and were approved by CHA University Institutional Animal Care & Use Com...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Consecutive Slides on Axial View Is More Effective Than Transversal Diameter to Differentiate Mechanisms of Single Subcortical Infarctions in the Lenticulostriate Artery Territory
Conclusion: Consecutive slides on axial view (≥4 consecutive slices) might be more effective than transversal diameter to identify the atherosclerotic mechanisms of SSIs in the lenticulostriate artery territory. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00664846 Introduction Single subcortical infarctions (SSIs) have been considered to be caused by lipohyalinosis degeneration in small artery disease, traditionally called lacunar infarct (1). However, atherosclerosis occurring in the parental artery blocking the orifice of the branch artery or atherosclerosis in the p...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stenosis Length and Degree Interact With the Risk of Cerebrovascular Events Related to Internal Carotid Artery Stenosis
Conclusion: We found a statistically insignificant tendency for the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<70% to be longer than that of sICAS≥70%. Moreover, the ultrasound-measured length of sICAS<90% was significantly longer than that of sICAS 90%. Among patients with sICAS≥70%, the degree and length of stenosis were inversely correlated. Larger studies are needed before a clinical implication can be drawn from these results. Introduction Internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) causes around one-fifth of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke and has the highest risk of early stroke recurrence...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 8, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research