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Condition: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy
Procedure: Perfusion

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Total 37 results found since Jan 2013.

Central Noradrenergic Agonists in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke —an Overview
AbstractIschemic stroke is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality with a significant health burden worldwide and few treatment options. Among the short- and long-term effects of ischemic stroke is the cardiovascular sympathetic autonomic dysfunction, presented in part as the by-product of the ischemic damage to the noradrenergic centers of the brain. Unlike high levels in the plasma, the brain may face suboptimal levels of norepinephrine (NE), with adverse effects on the clinical and functional outcomes of ischemic stroke. The intravenous administration of NE and other sympathomimetic agents, in an attempt to increas...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - July 19, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Combining Human Umbilical Cord Blood Cells With Erythropoietin Enhances Angiogenesis/Neurogenesis and Behavioral Recovery After Stroke
In conclusion, our results suggest that hUCBC infusion in combination with EPO administration demonstrates therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of stroke-induced injury by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Further research that delineates the therapeutic mechanism of systemically administered hUCBC and EPO is required. Ethics Statement All experimental procedures involving animals were performed in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals as adopted and promulgated by the U. S. National Institutes of Health and were approved by CHA University Institutional Animal Care & Use Com...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 9, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Postreperfusion Blood Pressure Variability After Endovascular Thrombectomy Affects Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients With Poor Collateral Circulation
Conclusion: Postreperfusion BP management by decreasing BPV may have influence on improving clinical outcome in cases of poor collateral circulation among patients achieving successful recanalization after ERT. Introduction Endovascular recanalization therapy (ERT) has been adopted as standard stroke care in patients with acute ischemic stroke (1–6). Time to recanalization and degree of recanalization are the most important predictors of clinical outcomes after ERT (7). Before recanalization, an effort to reduce the time from symptom onset to reperfusion is critical for penumbral salvage. After recanalization...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Delayed retinal vein recovery responses indicate both non-adaptation to stress as well as increased risk for stroke: the SABPA study.
CONCLUSIONS: In response to low norepinephrine, a reflex increase in SAM activity occurred, enhancing arterial vasoconstriction and hypo-perfusion. Concomitant HPA dysregulation attenuated retinal vein vasoactivity and tone, reflecting delayed vein recovery responses and non-adaptation to stress. These constrained vein recovery responses are indicative of increased chronic stress and stroke risk. PMID: 33104153 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cardiovascular Journal of Africa - October 26, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Malan L, Hamer M, von Känel R, Kotliar K, van Wyk RD, Lambert GW, Vilser W, Ziemssen T, Schlaich MP, Smith W, Magnusson M, Wentzel A, Myburgh CE, Steyn HS, Malan NT Tags: Cardiovasc J Afr Source Type: research

Neural Vascular Mechanism for the Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation after Hemorrhagic Stroke.
Abstract During the initial stages of hemorrhagic stroke, including intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage, the reflex mechanisms are activated to protect cerebral perfusion, but secondary dysfunction of cerebral flow autoregulation will eventually reduce global cerebral blood flow and the delivery of metabolic substrates, leading to generalized cerebral ischemia, hypoxia, and ultimately, neuronal cell death. Cerebral blood flow is controlled by various regulatory mechanisms, including prevailing arterial pressure, intracranial pressure, arterial blood gases, neural activity, and metabolic demand. Ev...
Source: Neural Plasticity - November 8, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiao M, Li Q, Feng H, Zhang L, Chen Y Tags: Neural Plast Source Type: research

The role of the autonomic nervous system in cerebral blood flow regulation in stroke: A review
Auton Neurosci. 2023 Feb 27;246:103082. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103082. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTStroke is a pathophysiological condition which results in alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF). The mechanism by which the brain maintains adequate CBF in presence of fluctuating cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is known as cerebral autoregulation (CA). Disturbances in CA may be influenced by a number of physiological pathways including the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The cerebrovascular system is innervated by adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers. The role of the ANS in regulating CBF is widely disputed owi...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - March 4, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alex Mankoo Sankanika Roy Aaron Davies Ronney B Panerai Thompson G Robinson Patrice Brassard Lucy C Beishon Jatinder S Minhas Source Type: research

Neurogenic pulmonary edema following acute stroke: The progress and perspective.
Abstract Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) following acute stroke is an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with clinical characteristics that include acute onset, apparent pulmonary interstitial fluid infiltration and rapid resolution. The pathological process of NPE centers on sympathetic stimulation and fulminant release of catecholamines, which cause contraction of resistance vessels. Elevated systemic resistance forces fluid into pulmonary circulation, while pulmonary circulation overload induces pulmonary capillary pressure that elevates, and in turn damages the alveolar capillary barrier. Damage to th...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - July 29, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zhao J, Xuan NX, Cui W, Tian BP Tags: Biomed Pharmacother Source Type: research

Regulation of Blood Flow in the Cerebral Posterior Circulation by Parasympathetic Nerve Fibers: Physiological Background and Possible Clinical Implications in Patients With Vertebrobasilar Stroke
Posterior circulation involves the vertebrobasilar arteries, which supply oxygen and glucose to vital human brainstem structures and other areas. This complex circulatory- perfusion system is not homogenous throughout the day; rather, its hemodynamic changes rely on physiological demands, ensuring brainstem perfusion. This dynamic autoregulatory pattern maintains cerebral perfusion during blood pressure changes. Accumulative evidence suggests that activity within the autonomic nervous system is involved in the regulation of cerebral blood flow. Neither the sympathetic nor parasympathetic nervous systems work independently....
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 29, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The role of the autonomic nervous system in cerebral blood flow regulation in stroke: A review
Stroke is a pathophysiological condition which results in alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF). The mechanism by which the brain maintains adequate CBF in presence of fluctuating cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is known as cerebral autoregulation (CA). Disturbances in CA may be influenced by a number of physiological pathways including the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The cerebrovascular system is innervated by adrenergic and cholinergic nerve fibers. The role of the ANS in regulating CBF is widely disputed owing to several factors including the complexity of the ANS and cerebrovascular interactions, limitations t...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical - February 27, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alex Mankoo, Sankanika Roy, Aaron Davies, Ronney B. Panerai, Thompson G. Robinson, Patrice Brassard, Lucy C. Beishon, Jatinder S. Minhas Tags: Review Source Type: research

Alterations in autonomic cerebrovascular control after spinal cord injury.
Abstract Among chronic cardiovascular and metabolic sequelae of spinal cord injury (SCI) is an up-to four-fold increase in the risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, suggesting that individuals with SCI cannot maintain stable cerebral perfusion. In able-bodied individuals, the cerebral vasculature is able to regulate cerebral perfusion in response to swings in arterial pressure (cerebral autoregulation), blood gases (cerebral vasoreactivity), and neural metabolic demand (neurovascular coupling). This ability depends, at least partly, on intact autonomic function, but high thoracic and cervical spinal cord injuri...
Source: Autonomic Neuroscience - April 4, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Kim DI, Tan CO Tags: Auton Neurosci Source Type: research

Esmolol Administration to Control Tachycardia in an Ovine Model of Peritonitis.
CONCLUSIONS: In this ovine model of abdominal sepsis, early control of tachycardia by esmolol was associated with a transient increase in stroke volume, followed by earlier hypotension. There were no significant effects of esmolol on cerebral perfusion, metabolism, urine output, or survival. PMID: 28708664 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia - July 13, 2017 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Hosokawa K, Su F, Taccone FS, Post EH, Pereira AJ, Herpain A, Creteur J, Vincent JL Tags: Anesth Analg Source Type: research

Organ perfusion during voluntary pulmonary hyperinflation; a magnetic resonance imaging study
Pulmonary hyperinflation is used by competitive breath-hold divers and is accomplished by glossopharyngeal insufflation (GPI), which is known to compress the heart and pulmonary vessels, increasing sympathetic activity and lowering cardiac output (CO) without known consequence for organ perfusion. Myocardial, pulmonary, skeletal muscle, kidney, and liver perfusion were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging in 10 elite breath-hold divers at rest and during moderate GPI. Cardiac chamber volumes, stroke volume, and thus CO were determined from cardiac short-axis cine images. Organ volumes were assessed from gradient echo se...
Source: AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology - February 1, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kyhl, K., Drvis, I., Barak, O., Mijacika, T., Engstrom, T., Secher, N. H., Dujic, Z., Buca, A., Madsen, P. L. Tags: INTEGRATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

The Mechanoreflex and Hemodynamic Response to Passive Leg Movement in Heart Failure
Background: Sensitization of mechanosensitive afferents, which contribute to the exercise pressor reflex, has been recognized as a characteristic of patients with heart failure (HF); however, the hemodynamic implications of this hypersensitivity are unclear. Objectives: The present study used passive leg movement (PLM) and intrathecal injection of fentanyl to blunt the afferent portion of this reflex arc to better understand the role of the mechanoreflex on central and peripheral hemodynamics in HF. Methods: Femoral blood flow (FBF), mean arterial pressure, femoral vascular conductance, HR, stroke volume, cardiac output,...
Source: Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise - February 19, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Tags: Basic Sciences Source Type: research

Autonomic cardiovascular dysregulation at rest and during stress in chronically low blood pressure.
Chronic low blood pressure (hypotension) is accompanied by symptoms such as fatigue, reduced drive, faintness, dizziness, cold limbs, and concentration difficulties. The study explored the involvement of aberrances in autonomic cardiovascular control in the origin of this condition. In 40 hypotensive and 40 normotensive subjects, impedance cardiography, electrocardiography, and continuous blood pressure recordings were performed at rest and during stress induced by mental calculation. Parameters of cardiac sympathetic control (i.e., stroke volume, cardiac output, pre-ejection period, total peripheral resistance), parasympa...
Source: Journal of Psychophysiology - November 27, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research