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Condition: Hyperactivity

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Total 310 results found since Jan 2013.

Identifying factors contributing to increased susceptibility to COVID-19 risk: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies
ConclusionThis review summarizes modifiable factors for intervention (e.g. smoking, obesity and inflammatory factors) and proteomic signatures (e.g. OAS1 and IL-6) that could help identify drugs for treating COVID-19.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - April 20, 2022 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

D-serine metabolism in the medial prefrontal cortex, but not the hippocampus, is involved in AD/HD-like behaviors in SHRSP/Ezo
Eur J Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 29:174930. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174930. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) is a mild neurodevelopmental disorder with inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity as its core symptoms. We previously revealed that an AD/HD animal model, juvenile stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Ezo) exhibited functional abnormalities in N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the prefrontal cortex. D-serine is an endogenous co-ligand that acts on the glycine-binding site of NMDA receptors, which is essential for the physiological activation of NMD...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - April 1, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Tsugumi Shindo Hiroki Shikanai Akane Watarai Sachiko Hiraide Kenji Iizuka Takeshi Izumi Source Type: research

Exploring blood microbial communities and their influence on human cardiovascular disease
CONCLUSION: Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were shown to be independent markers of the risk of CVD. This finding is evidence for the new concept of the role played by blood microbiota dysbiosis in CVD. However, the association between blood microbiota and CVD is still inconsistent. Thus, more deep investigations are required in future to fully understand the role of the bacteria community in causing and preventing CVD.PMID:35293034 | DOI:10.1002/jcla.24354
Source: Atherosclerosis - March 16, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ikram Khan Imran Khan Zhou Jianye Zhang Xiaohua Murad Khan Mian Gul Hilal Mian Adnan Kakakhel Arshad Mehmood An Lizhe Li Zhiqiang Source Type: research

ALM Fluid Therapy Shifts Sympathetic Hyperactivity to Parasympathetic Dominance in the Rat Model of Non-Compressible Hemorrhagic Shock
Excessive sympathetic outflow following trauma can lead to cardiac dysfunction, inflammation, coagulopathy, and poor outcomes. We previously reported that buprenorphine analgesia decreased survival after hemorrhagic trauma. Our aim is to examine the underlying mechanisms of mortality in a non-compressible hemorrhage rat model resuscitated with saline or adenosine, lidocaine, magnesium (ALM). Anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to Saline control group or ALM therapy group (both n = 10). Hemorrhage was induced by 50% liver resection. After 15 min, 0.7 mL/kg 3% NaCl ± ALM intravenou...
Source: Shock - January 21, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

The Clot Thickens: Recent Clues on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Contribution to Age-Related Platelet Biology Open New Questions
Adv Geriatr Med Res. 2021;3(4):e210019. doi: 10.20900/agmr20210019. Epub 2021 Oct 28.ABSTRACTPlatelets provide life-saving functions by halting external and internal bleeding. There is also a dark side to platelet biology, however. Recent reports provide evidence for increased platelet reactivity during aging of mice and humans, making platelets main suspects in the most prevalent aging-related human pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and cancer. What drives this platelet hyperreactivity during aging? Here, we discuss how hematopoietic stem cell differentiation pathways into the platelet lineage offer ...
Source: Cell Research - January 17, 2022 Category: Cytology Authors: Donna M Poscablo E Camilla Forsberg Source Type: research

Characterizing the Neuroimaging and Histopathological Correlates of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Spontaneously Hypertensive Stroke-Prone Rats
Conclusions: Four stages of CSVD severity in SHRSP are described at the study time points. In addition, we find that quantitative analyses of brain MRI enable identification of in vivo markers of CSVD that can serve as endpoints for interventional testing in therapeutic studies.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - November 30, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Frontal interhemispheric structural connectivity, attention, and executive function in children with perinatal stroke
Perinatal stroke affects ∼1 in 1000 births and concomitant cognitive impairments such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and executive dysfunction can be disabling. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate whether stroke-related differences in frontal white matter (WM) relate to cognitive impa irments. WM metrics correlated with parental ratings of ADHD and executive function suggesting that underlying microstructure of frontal white matter quantified via tractography may provide a relevant biomarker associated with cognition and behavior in children with perinatal stroke. AbstractPerinatal s...
Source: Brain and Behavior - November 26, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Nicole Larsen, Brandon T. Craig, Alicia J. Hilderley, Shane Virani, Kara Murias, Brian L. Brooks, Adam Kirton, Helen L. Carlson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Renal denervation for resistant hypertension
CONCLUSIONS: In patients with resistant hypertension, there is low-certainty evidence that renal denervation does not improve major cardiovascular outomes and renal function. Conversely, moderate-certainty evidence exists that it may improve 24h ABPM and diastolic office-measured BP. Future trials measuring patient-centred instead of surrogate outcomes, with longer follow-up periods, larger sample size and more standardised procedural methods are necessary to clarify the utility of this procedure in this population.PMID:34806762 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD011499.pub3
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 22, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Anna Pisano Luigi Francesco Iannone Antonio Leo Emilio Russo Giuseppe Coppolino Davide Bolignano Source Type: research

Hyperexcitable interneurons trigger cortical spreading depression in an Scn1a migraine model
Cortical spreading depression (CSD), a wave of depolarization followed by depression of cortical activity, is a pathophysiological process implicated in migraine with aura and various other brain pathologies, such as ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of CSD, we generated a mouse model for a severe monogenic subtype of migraine with aura, familial hemiplegic migraine type 3 (FHM3). FHM3 is caused by mutations in SCN1A, encoding the voltage-gated Na+ channel NaV1.1 predominantly expressed in inhibitory interneurons. Homozygous Scn1aL1649Q knock-in mice died prematurely, wher...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - November 1, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Eva Auffenberg, Ulrike B.S. Hedrich, Raffaella Barbieri, Daniela Miely, Bernhard Groschup, Thomas V. Wuttke, Niklas Vogel, Philipp Lührs, Ilaria Zanardi, Sara Bertelli, Nadine Spielmann, Valerie Gailus-Durner, Helmut Fuchs, Martin Hrabě de Angelis, Mich Source Type: research

Initiation of migraine-related cortical spreading depolarization by hyperactivity of GABAergic neurons and NaV1.1 channels
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are involved in migraine, epilepsy, stroke, traumatic brain injury, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, the cellular origin and specific differential mechanisms are not clear. Increased glutamatergic activity is thought to be the key factor for generating cortical spreading depression (CSD), a pathological mechanism of migraine. Here, we show that acute pharmacological activation of NaV1.1 (the main Na+ channel of interneurons) or optogenetic-induced hyperactivity of GABAergic interneurons is sufficient to ignite CSD in the neocortex by spiking-generated extracellular K+ build-up. Neither ...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - November 1, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Oana Chever, Sarah Zerimech, Paolo Scalmani, Louisiane Lemaire, Lara Pizzamiglio, Alexandre Loucif, Marion Ayrault, Martin Krupa, Mathieu Desroches, Fabrice Duprat, Isabelle Léna, Sandrine Cestèle, Massimo Mantegazza Source Type: research

Stimulants May Pose Short-Term Cardiovascular Risks in Older Adults
Older adults prescribed stimulant medications appear to be at an elevated risk of cardiovascular problems in the first 30 days after beginning the treatment, according to astudy published today inJAMA Network Open. However, these risks decrease over time, with no evidence of increased cardiovascular risk at six months and one year after initiating treatment.“Although stimulants are most commonly used among children and youth for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an increase in stimulant use among older adults in recent years has been observed,” wrote Mina Tadrous, PharmD., Ph.D., of the ...
Source: Psychiatr News - October 25, 2021 Category: Psychiatry Tags: cardiovascular problems heart attack JAMA Network Open off-label use older adults stimulants stroke transient ischemic attack ventricular arrhythmia Source Type: research

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects
Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Nov;143:112175. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175. Epub 2021 Sep 27.ABSTRACTWithania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional Rasayana herb for a long time. Traditional uses of this plant indicate its ameliorative properties against a plethora of human medical conditions, viz. hypertension, stress, diabetes, asthma, cancer etc. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the geographical distribution, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of W. somnifera and its active constituents. In addition, it presents a detailed account of its presence as...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - October 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Subhabrata Paul Shreya Chakraborty Uttpal Anand Swarnali Dey Samapika Nandy Mimosa Ghorai Suchismita Chatterjee Saha Manoj Tukaram Patil Ramesh Kandimalla Jaros ław Proćków Abhijit Dey Source Type: research

Etiologies and Mechanisms of Ischemic Stroke Associated with Sexual Intercourse: A Literature Review
Conclusion: Sexual intercourse should be considered an important trigger for IS. Clinicians should be aware that IS associated with sexual intercourse is not subjective but may be a warning sign of multiple etiologies and mechanisms.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - October 14, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research