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Prevalence, incidence, and outcomes across cardiovascular diseases in homeless individuals using national linked electronic health records
Conclusion  CVD in homeless individuals has high prevalence, incidence, and 1-year mortality risk post-diagnosis with earlier onset, and high burden of risk factors. Inclusion health and social care strategies should reflect this high preventable and treatable burden, which is increasingly important in the current COVID-19 context.
Source: European Heart Journal - September 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Barriers to seeking emergency care during the COVID-19 pandemic may lead to higher morbidity and mortality - a retrospective study from a Swiss university hospital.
CONCLUSIONS: Barriers to seeking emergency care during COVID-19 pandemic may lead to higher morbidity and mortality. Healthcare authorities and hospitals must ensure low barriers to treatment and business as usual for all patients. PMID: 32799308 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Swiss Medical Weekly - August 9, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hautz WE, Sauter TC, Exadakytlos AK, Krummrey G, Schauber S, Müller M Tags: Swiss Med Wkly Source Type: research

Intermountain chronic disease risk score (ICHRON) validation for prediction of incident chronic disease diagnoses in an australian primary prevention population.
CONCLUSION: ICHRON predicted ChrD diagnosis at 3-years among an external, geographically distant validation cohort. These findings show the value of ICHRON for primary care patients in distinct locales. Additionally, electronic calculation of ICHRON empowers the clinical use of this tool to identify and differentially manage and treat high-risk patients. PMID: 32563688 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - June 16, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: May HT, Anderson JL, Muhlestein JB, Knowlton KU, Horne BD Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

Deep learning approach for diabetes prediction using PIMA Indian dataset
ConclusionThe outcome of the study confirms that DL provides the best results with the most promising extracted features. DL achieves the accuracy of 98.07% which can be used for further development of the automatic prognosis tool. The accuracy of the DL approach can further be enhanced by including the omics data for prediction of the onset of the disease.
Source: Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders - April 13, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association of lipoprotein(a) and major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention.
Conclusions: Baseline serum Lp(a) can be used to predict MACEs in patients after PCI treatment, which was independent of LDL-C. PMID: 31749864 [PubMed]
Source: Archives of Medical Science - November 23, 2019 Category: General Medicine Tags: Arch Med Sci Source Type: research

Comprehensive comparative effectiveness and safety of first-line antihypertensive drug classes: a systematic, multinational, large-scale analysis
Publication date: Available online 24 October 2019Source: The LancetAuthor(s): Marc A Suchard, Martijn J Schuemie, Harlan M Krumholz, Seng Chan You, RuiJun Chen, Nicole Pratt, Christian G Reich, Jon Duke, David Madigan, George Hripcsak, Patrick B RyanSummaryBackgroundUncertainty remains about the optimal monotherapy for hypertension, with current guidelines recommending any primary agent among the first-line drug classes thiazide or thiazide-like diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, in ...
Source: The Lancet - October 26, 2019 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Administrative claims data to support pragmatic clinical trial outcome ascertainment on cardiovascular health.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the value of supplementing longitudinal site-based clinical studies with administrative claims data. Our results suggest that claims data together with network partner electronic health record data constitute an effective vehicle to capture patient outcomes since >30% of patients have non-fatal and fatal events outside of enrolling sites. PMID: 31081367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Trials - May 12, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Ma Q, Chung H, Shambhu S, Roe M, Cziraky M, Jones WS, Haynes K Tags: Clin Trials Source Type: research

Risk of mortality and cardiovascular events following macrolide prescription in chronic rhinosinusitis patients: a cohort study using linked primary care electronic health records.
CONCLUSIONS: Although not statistically significant, our best estimates suggest an increased short-term risk of myocardial infarction in patients with CRS following macrolide prescription, supporting previous observational evidence. However, confounding by indication remains a possible explanation for this apparent increased risk. We found no evidence of longer term increased risks. PMID: 30928998 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Rhinology - April 2, 2019 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinology Source Type: research

Testosterone replacement therapy and the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes and mortality
ConclusionIn hypogonadal men with a modest prevalence of established CVD, TRT was not observed to confer a protective or adverse effect on the risk of MI, CVA or all-cause mortality.
Source: Basic and Clinical Andrology - March 28, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

Bleeding Related Episodes, Thrombotic Events and Platelet Counts Among Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients Receiving Second Line Therapy
CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective real world evidence study compares mean platelet response and burden of both BREs and TEs in ITP patients treated with different second-line treatments. Although there were significant differences in mean platelet counts achieved with the second-line treatments, TEs were observed with similar incidence across all treatments. Patients who received splenectomy had the highest mean platelet counts and also the highest proportion of patients who experienced TEs, though differences in TEs did not reach statistical significance. Incidence proportion of patients with BREs was lower in patients trea...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Said, Q., Lal, L. S., Andrade, K., Nezami, B., Graves, J. A., Roy, A., Cuker, A. Tags: 311. Disorders of Platelet Number or Function: Poster II Source Type: research

Weighing the Anti-Ischemic Benefits and Bleeding Risks from Aspirin Therapy: a Rational Approach
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe role of aspirin in secondary cardiovascular prevention is well understood; however, the role in primary prevention is less clear, and requires careful balancing of potential benefits with risks. Here, we summarize the evidence base on the benefits and risks of aspirin therapy, discuss clinical practice guidelines and decision support tools to assist in initiating aspirin therapy, and highlight ongoing trials that may clarify the role of aspirin in cardiovascular disease prevention.Recent FindingsIn 2016, the USPSTF released guidelines on the use of aspirin for primary prevention. Based on 11 tr...
Source: Current Atherosclerosis Reports - February 21, 2018 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Excess Clinical Comorbidity Among HIV-Infected Patients Accessing Primary Care in US Community Health Centers.
CONCLUSIONS: As HIV-infected patients live longer, the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases may complicate their clinical management, requiring primary care providers to be trained in chronic disease management for this population. PMID: 29262289 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Public Health Reports - December 22, 2017 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Tags: Public Health Rep Source Type: research

Developing a New Score: How Machine Learning Improves Risk Prediction
Composite risk scores have been used for decades to identify disease risk and health status in the general population. However, current approaches often fail to identify people who would benefit from intervention or recommend unnecessary intervention. Machine learning promises to improve accuracy, ensuring targeted treatment for patients that need it and reducing unnecessary intervention. Framingham Risk Score, the gold standard for predicting the likelihood of heart disease, predicts hospitalizations with about 56% accuracy. It uses factors such as age, gender, smoking, cholesterol levels, and systolic blood pressure to...
Source: MDDI - November 17, 2017 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Heather R. Johnson Tags: R & D Source Type: news

Accuracy of Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Varies by Neighborhood Socioeconomic Position: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Conclusion: Neighborhood disadvantage may be a powerful regulator of ASCVD event risk. In addition to supplemental risk models and clinical screening criteria, population-based solutions are needed to ameliorate the deleterious effects of neighborhood disadvantage on health outcomes. Primary Funding Source: The Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland and National Institutes of Health. PMID: 28847012 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - August 29, 2017 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Dalton JE, Perzynski AT, Zidar DA, Rothberg MB, Coulton CJ, Milinovich AT, Einstadter D, Karichu JK, Dawson NV Tags: Ann Intern Med Source Type: research

Impact of metformin on cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis of randomised trials among people with type 2 diabetes
Conclusions/interpretationThere remains uncertainty about whether metformin reduces risk of cardiovascular disease among patients with type 2 diabetes, for whom it is the recommended first-line drug. Although this is mainly due to absence of evidence, it is unlikely that a definitive placebo-controlled cardiovascular endpoint trial among people with diabetes will be forthcoming. Alternative approaches to reduce the uncertainty include the use of electronic health records in long-term pragmatic evaluations, inclusion of metformin in factorial trials, publication of cardiovascular outcome data from adverse event reporting in...
Source: Diabetologia - August 2, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

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