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Cancer: Adenocarcinoma

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Total 766 results found since Jan 2013.

Myostatin-induced inhibition of the long noncoding RNA Malat1 is associated with decreased myogenesis
Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of secreted proteins, is a potent negative regulator of myogenesis. Free myostatin induces the phosphorylation of the Smad family of transcription factors, which, in turn, regulates gene expression, via the canonical TGF-β signaling pathway. There is, however, emerging evidence that myostatin can regulate gene expression independent of Smad signaling. As such, we acquired global gene expression data from the gastrocnemius muscle of C57BL/6 mice following a 6-day treatment with recombinant myostatin compared with vehicle-treated anima...
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Watts, R., Johnsen, V. L., Shearer, J., Hittel, D. S. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Myostatin-induced inhibition of the long noncoding RNA Malat1 is associated with decreased myogenesis.
Abstract Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of secreted proteins, is a potent negative regulator of myogenesis. Free myostatin induces the phosphorylation of the Smad family of transcription factors, which, in turn, regulates gene expression, via the canonical TGF-β signaling pathway. There is, however, emerging evidence that myostatin can regulate gene expression independent of Smad signaling. As such, we acquired global gene expression data from the gastrocnemius muscle of C57BL/6 mice following a 6-day treatment with recombinant myostatin compared with vehicle-treated...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - May 1, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Watts R, Johnsen VL, Shearer J, Hittel DS Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

The protein ERp57 contributes to EGF receptor signaling and internalization in MDA‐MB‐468 breast cancer cells
Abstract The disulfide isomerase ERp57 is a soluble protein mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum, where it acts in the quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins, in association with calreticulin and calnexin. It has been also detected in other cell compartments, such as the cytosol, the plasma membrane and the nucleus. In these locations it is implicated in various processes, participating in the rapid response to calcitriol, modulating the activity of STAT3 and being requested for the pre‐apoptotic exposure of calreticulin on the plasma membrane. In the present work, the involvement of ERp57 in the activ...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - May 20, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gaucci Elisa, Altieri Fabio, Carlo Turano, Chichiarelli Silvia Tags: Article Source Type: research

A CDK4/6 inhibitor enhances cytotoxicity of paclitaxel in lung adenocarcinoma cells harboring mutant KRAS as well as wild type KRAS.
Abstract The KRAS gain-of-function mutation confers intrinsic resistance to targeted anti-cancer drugs and cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, ultimately leading to treatment failure. KRAS mutation frequency in lung adenocarcinoma is ~15-30%. Novel therapeutic strategies should be developed to improve clinical outcomes in these cases. Deregulation of the p16/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/retinoblastoma (Rb) pathway is frequently observed in various cancers and it represents an attractive therapeutic target. We compared the anti-tumor efficacy of genetically knocked-down CDK4 and a pharmacological inhibitor of CDK...
Source: Cancer Biology and Therapy - May 10, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang XH, Cheng Y, Shin JY, Kim JO, Oh JE, Kang JH Tags: Cancer Biol Ther Source Type: research

Inhibition of checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) enhances sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine.
In this study, the combination treatment of NSC109555 plus GEM demonstrated strong synergistic antitumour effect in four pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2, CFPAC-1, Panc-1 and BxPC-3). In addition, the GEM/NSC109555 combination significantly increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), accompanied by induction of apoptotic cell death. Inhibition of ROS generation by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly reversed the effect of GEM/NSC109555 in apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, genetic knockdown of CHK2 by siRNA enhanced GEM-induced apoptotic cell death. These findings suggest that inhibition ...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - July 16, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Duong HQ, Hong YB, Kim JS, Lee HS, Yi YW, Kim YJ, Wang A, Zhao W, Cho CH, Seong YS, Bae I Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Inhibition of checkpoint kinase 2 (CHK2) enhances sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells to gemcitabine
In this study, the combination treatment of NSC109555 plus GEM demonstrated strong synergistic antitumour effect in four pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa‐2, CFPAC‐1, Panc‐1 and BxPC‐3). In addition, the GEM/NSC109555 combination significantly increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), accompanied by induction of apoptotic cell death. Inhibition of ROS generation by N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly reversed the effect of GEM/NSC109555 in apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, genetic knockdown of CHK2 by siRNA enhanced GEM‐induced apoptotic cell death. These findings suggest that...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - July 16, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hong‐Quan Duong, Young Bin Hong, Jung Soon Kim, Hee‐Seok Lee, Yong Weon Yi, Yeon Jeong Kim, Antai Wang, Wenjing Zhao, Chi Heum Cho, Yeon‐Sun Seong, Insoo Bae Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Lyn, a Src family kinase, regulates activation of epidermal growth factor receptors in lung adenocarcinoma cells
Conclusions: The importance of Src family kinases and PKCssII in the initiation of the EGFR signaling pathway in lung tumor cells was demonstrated. We conclude that phosphorylation of EGFR is mediated through PKCssII regulation of Lyn activation, and occurs in association with RACK1 and Cbp/PAG proteins. We suggest that protein complexes in cell membranes, including lipid rafts, may serve as novel targets for combination therapies with EGFR and Src Family Kinase inhibitors in lung cancer.
Source: Molecular Cancer - July 16, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Parnetta SuttonJeffrey BorgiaPhilip BonomiJanet Plate Source Type: research

Helicobacter pylori down‐regulates expression of human β‐defensin 1 in the gastric mucosa in a type IV secretion dependent fashion
Summary Helicobacter pylori establishes a chronic lifelong infection in the human gastric mucosa, which may lead to peptic ulcer disease or gastric adenocarcinoma. The human beta‐defensins (hβDs) are antimicrobial peptides, hβD1 being constitutively expressed in the human stomach. We hypothesised that H. pylori may persist, in part, by downregulating gastric hβD1 expression. We measured hβD1 and hβD2 expression in vivo in relation to the presence, density and severity of H. pylori infection, investigated differential effects of H. pylori virulence factors, and studied underlying signalling mechanisms in vitro. Signi...
Source: Cellular Microbiology - July 29, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: S.R. Patel, K. Smith, D.P. Letley, K.W. Cook, A.A. Memon, R.J.M. Ingram, E. Staples, S. Backert, A.M. Zaitoun, J.C. Atherton, K. Robinson Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Expression of neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 is enhanced in oesophageal cancer and mediates an invasive tumour cell phenotype
Conclusions: As found in other malignancies, NET1 expression is elevated in OAC and its pre-malignant phenotype, Barrett's oesophagus. NET1 promotes OAC cell invasion and proliferation and it mediates LPA-induced OAC cell migration.
Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research - August 14, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Conor LahiffEoin CotterRory CaseyPeter DoranGraham PidgeonJohn ReynoldsPadraic MacMathunaDavid Murray Source Type: research

FOXL1 Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Progression
The forkhead box L1 (FOXL1) transcription factor regulates epithelial proliferation and development of gastrointestinal tract and has been implicated in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis in mouse models. However, the role of FOXL1 in pancreatic cancer development and progression remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that higher expression of FOXL1 is significantly associated with better clinical outcome in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). A lower FOXL1 expression is correlated with metastasis and advanced pathologic stage of pancreatic cancer. Mechanistic analyses showed that overexpression of FOXL1 induces ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 2, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang, G., He, P., Gaedcke, J., Ghadimi, B. M., Ried, T., Yfantis, H. G., Lee, D. H., Hanna, N., Alexander, H. R., Hussain, S. P. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology Source Type: research

Apigenin up-regulates transgelin and inhibits invasion and migration of colorectal cancer through decreased phosphorylation of AKT
In conclusion, our research provided direct evidence that apigenin inhibited tumour growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Apigenin up-regulated TAGLN and hence down-regulated MMP-9 expression through decreasing phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and in particular Thr308 to prevent cell proliferation and migration.
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - June 17, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li Chunhua, Lin Donglan, Fu Xiuqiong, Zhang Lihua, Fan Qin, Liu Yawei, Zhao Liang, Wen Ge, Jing Linlin, Zeng Ping, Li Kun, Sun Xuegang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1 Are Common Drivers of the 8p11-12 Amplicon, Not Only in Breast Tumors But also in Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas and Lung Tumors.
Abstract Amplification of the 8p11-12 chromosomal region is a common genetic event in many epithelial cancers. In breast cancer, several genes within this region have been shown to display oncogenic activity. Among these genes, the enzyme-encoding genes, PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1, have been identified as potential therapeutic targets. We investigated whether PPAPDC1B and WHSC1L1 acted as general driver genes, thereby serving as therapeutic targets in other tumors with 8p11-12 amplification. By using publicly available genomic data from a panel of 883 cell lines derived from different cancers, we identified the cell lin...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - September 16, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Mahmood SF, Gruel N, Nicolle R, Chapeaublanc E, Delattre O, Radvanyi F, Bernard-Pierrot I Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Sequence‐dependent combination therapy with doxorubicin and a survivin‐specific small interfering RNA nanodrug demonstrates efficacy in models of adenocarcinoma
Abstract The clinical management of cancer reflects a balance between treatment efficacy and toxicity. While typically, combination therapy improves response rate and time to progression compared with sequential monotherapy, it causes increased toxicity. Consequently, in cases of advanced cancer, emerging guidelines recommend sequential monotherapy, as a means to enhance quality of life. An alternative approach that could overcome nonspecific toxicity while retaining therapeutic efficacy, involves the combination of chemotherapy with targeted therapy. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that combination therapy ...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - October 1, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Subrata K. Ghosh, Mehmet V. Yigit, Masashi Uchida, Alana W. Ross, Natalie Barteneva, Anna Moore, Zdravka Medarova Tags: Cancer Therapy Source Type: research

Non-overlapping activities of ADF and cofilin-1 during the migration of metastatic breast tumor cells
Conclusion: Although ADF and cofilin have many redundant functions, each of these isoforms has functional differences that affect F-actin structures, cell adhesion and lamellipodial dynamics, all of which are important determinants of cell migration.
Source: BMC Cell Biology - Latest articles - October 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Lubna TahtamouniAlisa ShawMaram HasanSalem YasinJames Bamburg Source Type: research

RhoA and RhoC differentially modulate estrogen receptor α recruitment, transcriptional activities, and expression in breast cancer cells (MCF-7).
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results strongly suggest that RhoA and RhoC play different, but clear, roles in ERα signaling. These GTPases are definitely involved, along with RhoB, in ERα recruitment and, to some extent, ERα cofactor balance. We hypothesize a differential role of RhoA in breast cancer tumors that depend on hormone status. PMID: 24096540 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Breast Cancer - October 6, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Malissein E, Meunier E, Lajoie-Mazenc I, Médale-Giamarchi C, Dalenc F, Doisneau-Sixou SF Tags: J Cancer Res Clin Oncol Source Type: research