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Hormone therapy in the postmenopausal years: considering benefits and risks in clinical practice
AbstractBACKGROUNDMenopausal symptoms can be very distressing and considerably affect a woman ’s personal and social life. It is becoming more and more evident that leaving bothersome symptoms untreated in midlife may lead to altered quality of life, reduced work productivity and, possibly, overall impaired health. Hormone therapy (HT) for the relief of menopausal symptoms has been the obj ect of much controversy over the past two decades. At the beginning of the century, a shadow was cast on the use of HT owing to the concern for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks, and breast cancer, arising following publication ...
Source: Human Reproduction Update - August 25, 2021 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

The role of medications in successful aging
Climacteric. 2021 May 12:1-8. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1911991. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSuccessful aging includes good health and low levels of disability. To that end, primary prevention is far better than managing subsequent organ damage. When medication is needed to prevent or manage disease, the preferred choice should be associated with the greatest benefits and fewest adverse effects. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women worldwide. Considering disease-adjusted life years, other leading causes are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellit...
Source: Climacteric - May 12, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Authors: R D Langer Source Type: research

Randomized Trial Evaluation of Benefits and Risks of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Women Aged 50-59.
Abstract The health benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy among women aged 50-59 years are examined in the Women's Health Initiative randomized, placebo-controlled trials using long-term follow-up data and a parsimonious statistical model that leverages data from older participants to increase precision. These trials enrolled 27,347 healthy post-menopausal women aged 50-79 at 40 U.S. clinical centers during 1993-1998, including 10,739 post-hysterectomy participants in a trial of conjugated equine estrogens, and 16,608 participants with uterus in the trial of these estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acet...
Source: Am J Epidemiol - October 7, 2020 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Prentice RL, Aragaki AK, Chlebowski RT, Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Stefanick ML, Wactawski-Wende J, Kuller LH, Wallace R, Johnson KC, Shadyab AH, Gass M, Manson JAE Tags: Am J Epidemiol Source Type: research

Is there a role for menopausal hormone therapy in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis?
We present a narrative review of the benefits versus risks of using MHT in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Current literature suggests robust anti-fracture efficacy of MHT in patients unselected for low BMD, regardless of concomitant use with progestogens, but with limited evidence of persisting skeletal benefits following cessation of therapy. Side effects include cardiovascular events, thromboembolic disease, stroke and breast cancer, but the benefit-risk profile differs according to the use of opposed versus unopposed oestrogens, type of oestrogen/progestogen, dose and route of delivery and, for cardiovas...
Source: Osteoporosis International - July 7, 2020 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research

The Women's Health Initiative Estrogen-alone Trial had differential disease and medical expenditure consequences across age groups
Conclusion: The decline in ET utilization had differential disease and expenditure consequences by age groups in the United States. These results are limited by the lack of inclusion of vasomotor symptom benefit and costs of alternative medications for these symptoms in the analysis.
Source: Menopause - May 29, 2020 Category: OBGYN Tags: Original Studies Source Type: research

Aromatase Inhibitors and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Women With Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study.
CONCLUSIONS: In this population-based study, aromatase inhibitors were associated with increased risks of heart failure and cardiovascular mortality compared with tamoxifen. There were also trends toward increased risks, although nonsignificant, of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. The increased risk of cardiovascular events associated with aromatase inhibitors should be balanced with their favorable clinical benefits compared with tamoxifen. PMID: 32065766 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Circulation - February 17, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Khosrow-Khavar F, Filion KB, Bouganim N, Suissa S, Azoulay L Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cardiovascular Programming During and After Diabetic Pregnancy: Role of Placental Dysfunction and IUGR
This study demonstrated that the incidence of ischemic heart disease and death were three times higher among men with low birth weight compared to men with high birth weight (5). Epidemiological investigations of adults born at the time of the Dutch famine between 1944 and 1945 revealed an association between maternal starvation and a low infant birth weight with a high incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease in these adults (23). Furthermore, Painter et al. reported the incidence of early onset coronary heart disease among persons conceived during the Dutch famine (24). In that regard, Barker's findin...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 8, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Pattern of mortality after menopausal hormone therapy: long-term follow-up in a population based cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: In this long-term follow-up study, taking hormones during menopause was not associated with overall mortality among middle-aged women. Investigating cause-specific mortality revealed significant albeit weak associations differential according to both causes of death and over time underlining the importance of carefully considering individual risks and duration of treatment when making decisions on hormone therapy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. PMID: 30106241 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology - August 14, 2018 Category: OBGYN Authors: Holm M, Olsen A, Au Yeung SL, Overvad K, Lidegaard Ø, Kroman N, Tjønneland A Tags: BJOG Source Type: research

Hormone therapy in menopausal women with fibroids: is it safe?
Menopause is an important transition in the life of women. It has been estimated that by the year 2030, worldwide 1.2 billion women will be menopausal. The most bothersome symptoms of menopause are believed to be due to declines in estrogen levels in postmenopausal women. Thus, hormone therapy is an effective treatment option for menopausal women, although prolonged use of hormone therapy is associated with a slightly increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, and stroke. A literature search for studies evaluating the effects of hormone therapy in menopausal women with asymptomatic fibroids demonstrated variable eff...
Source: Menopause - July 26, 2018 Category: OBGYN Tags: Personal Perspective Source Type: research

In Defense of Progesterone: A Review of the Literature.
Conclusions • Physicians should have no hesitation prescribing natural progesterone. The evidence is clear that progesterone does not cause breast cancer. Indeed, progesterone is protective and preventative of breast cancer. PMID: 29055286 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine - October 21, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Lieberman A, Curtis L Tags: Altern Ther Health Med Source Type: research

In assessing risk of hormone therapy for menopause, dose — not form — matters
FINDINGSWhen it comes to assessing the risk of estrogen therapy for menopause, how the therapy is delivered — taking a pill versus wearing a patch on one’s skin — doesn’t affect risk or benefit, researchers at UCLA and elsewhere have found. But with the commonly used conjugated equine estrogen, plus progestogen, the dosage does. Higher doses, especially over time, are associated with greater risk of problems, including heart disease and some types of cancer, especially among obese women.BACKGROUNDThe Women ’s Health Initiative established the potential of estrogen therapy to increase or decrease the risk of strok...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 27, 2017 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Luteolin: How To Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
More than 100 women die of breast cancer in the U.S. every day. It's the second leading cause of cancer deaths in American women. But in my opinion, many of those women really die of a tragic medical error. Let me explain… Millions of women in the U.S. have taken Big Pharma's hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Their doctors prescribe it to try to relieve the symptoms of menopause. Like hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings and weight gain. But what the drug companies try to pass off as hormones are actually synthetic concoctions. They are fake versions of the estrogen and progesterone that your body makes n...
Source: Al Sears, MD Natural Remedies - June 23, 2017 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Al Sears Tags: Anti-Aging Source Type: news

Women losing out over hormone therapy fears, some experts say
The risk of heart attack, stroke or breast cancer due to hormone replacement therapy has been overstated, and that has scared away some women who could benefit from it, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada said at its annual conference in Ottawa this week.
Source: CBC | Health - June 23, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: News/Health Source Type: news

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