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Transfus Med Hemother 2019;46:58 –60 (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 8, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

History and Future of Nucleic Acid Amplification Technology Blood Donor Testing
The introduction of blood donor screening by virus nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) in the mid to late 1990s was driven by the so-called AIDS and hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic, with thousands of recipients of infected blood products and components. Plasma fractionators were the first to introduce NAT testing besides pathogen reduction procedures, to reduce the virus transmission risk through their products. To achieve a similar safety standard, NAT was then also introduced for labile blood components. German transfusion centres were the first to start in-house NAT testing of their donations in pools of up to ...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Cryopreservation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Emerging Assays, Cryoprotectant Agents, and Technology to Improve Outcomes
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) therapy is widely used to treat a growing number of hematological and non-hematological diseases. Cryopreservation of HSCs allows for cells to be transported from the site of processing to the site of clinical use, creates a larger window of time in which cells can be administered to patients, and allows sufficient time for quality control and regulatory testing. Currently, HSCs and other cell therapies conform to the same cryopreservation techniques as cells used for research purposes: cells are cryopreserved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a slow cooling rate. As a result, HSC therapy can re...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells: A Race to Revolutionize Cancer Therapy
For years, cancer treatment was dominated by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem cell transplantation. New insights into genetic characteristics of leukemic cells have initiated the development of the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. This type of adoptive cell immunotherapy has been a breakthrough in the treatment of aggressive B-cell lymphoma and B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In August 2018, the European Commission has approved the first CAR T-cell products – tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah®, Novartis) and axicabtagene ciloleucel (Yescarta®, Gilead) – for hematological neoplasms in Eu...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Trends in Plasma Toll Fractionation for Self Sufficiency of Plasma-Derived Medicinal Products in Italy
Conclusions: Competition among companies resulted in higher yields of albumin and immunoglobulin, decreasing their level of market dependence, an increase in the portfolio of medicines, and a decrease in price due to fractionation (20 –30%), thus improving perspectives of the national program for self-sufficiency in plasma-derived medicinal products.Transfus Med Hemother (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 6, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

CAR-Expressing Natural Killer Cells for Cancer Retargeting
Since the approval in 2017 and the outstanding success of Kymriah ® and Yescarta®, the number of clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor-modified autologous T cells has been constantly rising. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are listed on clinicaltrial.gov. In contrast to CAR-T cells, natural killer (NK) cells can be used from allogeneic donors as an “off the shelf product” and provide alternative candidates for cancer retargeting. This review summarises preclinical results of CAR-engineered NK cells using both primary human NK cells and the cell line NK-92, and pro...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 5, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Clinical Use of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) continues to impact morbidity and mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). First-line therapy for aGvHD still remains the use of high-dose corticosteroids. Unfortunately, 40 –60% of patients with aGvHD exhibit steroid resistance, which is associated with a very poor prognosis. As no effective second-line therapy existed, in recent decades various treatment options were considered for the treatment of therapy-refractory GvHD. Based on their in vitro immunomodulatory pr operties, the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the treatment of aGvHD has been in...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 4, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

B Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy
B cells are not only producers of antibodies, but also contribute to immune regulation or act as potent antigen-presenting cells. The potential of B cells for cellular therapy is still largely underestimated, despite their multiple diverse effector functions. The CD40L/CD40 signaling pathway is the most potent activator of antigen presentation capacity in B lymphocytes. CD40-activated B cells are potent antigen-presenting cells that induce specific T-cell responses in vitro and in vivo. In preclinical cancer models in mice and dogs, CD40-activated B cell-based cancer immunotherapy was able to induce effective antitumor imm...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 4, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Cellular Therapeutics – Living Drugs: A Rising Star at the Horizon of Immunotherapy in Hematology and Oncology
Transfus Med Hemother (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 4, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Functionality and Cell Senescence of CD4/ CD8-Selected CD20 CAR T Cells Manufactured Using the Automated CliniMACS Prodigy ® Platform
In conclusion, this shows for the first time that beside heterogeneity among healthy donors, CAR T cell products also differ regarding cell senescence, even for cells manufactured in a standardised automated process.Transfus Med Hemother (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - February 4, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

NOACs in Anesthesiology
The objective of this publication is to make practical suggestions for the perioperative management of NOACs as well as for their handling in overdoses and bleedings.Recommendations: In elective surgery and creatinine clearance ≥ 50 ml/min, a NOAC should be discontinued 24-36 h before the intervention, and even earlier in case of reduced kidney function. In emergency interventions that cannot be delayed, the management is dependent on the NOAC plasma levels. With levels ≤ 30 ng/ml, surgery can be performed. With levels>30 ng/ml, reversal agents should be considered. In low bleeding risk surgery, NOACs can be re-started...
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - January 31, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

The Remarkable Journey of a Low-Frequency Alloantibody
Herein we describe a case of febrile non-hemolytic reaction (FNHTR) in a 64-year-old male 20 min after the transfusion of one red blood cell unit. 20 days prior the patient had undergone an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) from an unrelated donor with minor ABO disparity. The patient had been treated for plasma cell myeloma with multiple transfusions in the past, but no transfusion reactions or alloimmunization had been reported.Transfus Med Hemother (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - January 31, 2019 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Meetings and Conferences
Transfus Med Hemother 2018;45:451-452 (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - November 27, 2018 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Acknowledgement to Reviewers
Transfus Med Hemother 2018;45:442 (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - November 27, 2018 Category: Hematology Source Type: research

Contents Vol. 45, 2018
Transfus Med Hemother 2018;45:453-455 (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy)
Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy - November 27, 2018 Category: Hematology Source Type: research