Modeling the renoprotective mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibition in hypertensive chronic kidney disease
AbstractSodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors have recently been approved for chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on their ability to lower proteinuria and slow CKD progression independent of diabetes status. In diabetic renal disease, modulation of tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) leading to lower intraglomerular pressure has been postulated as one of the mechanisms of renal protection with SGLT2 inhibition; however, this mechanism has not been sufficiently explored in non-diabetic CKD. We hypothesized that SGLT2 inhibition exerts renoprotection in CKD through increasing TGF despite normoglycemia. To test this hy...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 14, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: John S. Clemmer,
Timothy E. Yen,
Yoshitsugu Obi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Acetate and succinate benefit host muscle energetics as exercise ‐associated post‐biotics
This study builds upon previous evidence establishing a gut microbiome-skeletal muscle axis, identifying exercise-induced changes in microbiome composition. Metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples from non-exercise-trained controls or exercise-trained mice was conducted. Biodiversity indices indicated exercise training did not change alpha diversity. However, there were notable differences in beta-diversity between trained and untrained microbiomes. Exercise significantly increased the level of the bacterial speciesMuribaculaceae bacterium DSM 103720. Computation simulation of bacterial growth was used to predict metaboli...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 9, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ahmed Ismaeel,
Taylor R. Valentino,
Benjamin Burke,
Jensen Goh,
Tolulope P. Saliu,
Fatmah Albathi,
Allison Owen,
John J. McCarthy,
Yuan Wen Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Saos ‐2 cells cultured under hypoxia rapidly differentiate to an osteocyte‐like stage and support intracellular infection by Staphylococcus aureus
AbstractThe intracellular infection of osteocytes represents a clinically important aspect of osteomyelitis. However, few human osteocyte in vitro models exist and the differentiation of immature osteoblasts to an osteocyte stage typically takes at least 4-weeks of culture, making the study of this process challenging and time consuming. The osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 has proved to be a useful model of human osteoblast to mature ost eocyte differentiation. Culture under osteogenic conditions in a standard normoxic (21% O2) atmosphere results in reproducible mineralization and acquisition of mature osteocyte markers ov...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Anja R. Zelmer,
Yolandi Starczak,
Lucian B. Solomon,
Katharina Richter,
Dongqing Yang,
Gerald J. Atkins Tags: METHOD ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effects of N2O elimination on the elimination of second gases in a two ‐step mathematical model of heterogeneous gas exchange
Effects of N2O elimination on the elimination of second gases in a two-step mathematical model of heterogeneous gas exchange. AbstractWe have investigated the elimination of inert gases in the lung during the elimination of nitrous oxide (N2O) using a two-step mathematical model that allows the contribution from net gas volume expansion, which occurs in Step 2, to be separated from other factors. When a second inert gas is used in addition to N2O, the effect on that gas appears as an extra volume of the gas eliminated in association with the dilution produced by N2O washout in Step 2. We first considered the effect of elim...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 4, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ben Korman,
Ranjan K. Dash,
Philip J. Peyton Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Baroreflex sensitivity is impaired in survivors of mild COVID ‐19 at 3–6 months of clinical recovery; association with carotid artery stiffness
AbstractThe association between the stiffening of barosensitive regions of central arteries and the derangements in baroreflex functions remains unexplored in COVID-19 survivors. Fifty-seven survivors of mild COVID-19 (defined as presence of upper respiratory tract symptoms and/or fever without shortness of breath or hypoxia; SpO2 > 93%), with an age range of 22–66 years (27 females) participated at 3–6 months of recovering from the acute phase of RT-PCR positive COVID-19. Healthy volunteers whose baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and arterial stiffness data were acquired prior to the onset of the pandemic cons...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Prachi Srivastava,
P. M. Nabeel,
Kiran V. Raj,
Manish Soneja,
Dinu S. Chandran,
Jayaraj Joseph,
Naveet Wig,
Ashok Kumar Jaryal,
Dick Thijssen,
Kishore Kumar Deepak Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - October 31, 2023 Category: Physiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Correction to The transcript interactome of skeletal muscle RNA binding protein motif 3 (RBM3)
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - October 28, 2023 Category: Physiology Tags: CORRECTION Source Type: research
Differential activation of AKT isoforms by growth factors in human myotubes
AbstractAKT signaling plays a crucial role in muscle physiology, and is activated by stimuli, including insulin, growth factors, and exercise. Three AKT isoforms have been identified in mammals, and they possess both distinct and redundant functions. However, it is currently unknown what the predominant AKT isoform is in primary human skeletal myotubes, and very little is known regarding the effects of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) on AKT isoforms activation in human myotubes. Thus, we sought to determine the abundances of each AKT isoform in primary human skeletal myotubes and their responses to insulin...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 26, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Brandon M. Roberts,
Alyssa V. Geddis,
Ronald W. Matheny Jr Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Familiarization with ambulatory sleep and blood pressure monitoring is necessary for representative data collection
This study aimed to determine how many nights of wearing the monitoring equipment were required to restore sleep architecture and blood pressure data to baseline. It was hypothesized familiarization would be demonstrated by night 3. Ten male and 10 female subjects completed three nights of sleep and blood pressure recordings. At visit 1, the subjects were familiarized with the equipment and instructed to wear the Sleep Profiler{trade mark, serif} and SunTech Medical Oscar2 ambulatory blood pressure cuff simultaneously for three consecutive nights, then subjects returned the equipment. The percent of time spent in rapid eye...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Kasey Kleiber,
Caroline J. Smith,
Steven D. Beck,
Adam Hege,
Makenzie Corgan,
Crystal A. West,
Lainey Hunnicutt,
Scott R. Collier Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
High ‐fat diet increases electron transfer flavoprotein synthesis and lipid respiration in skeletal muscle during exercise training in female mice
AbstractHigh-fat diet (HFD) and exercise remodel skeletal muscle mitochondria. The electron transfer flavoproteins (ETF) transfer reducing equivalents from β-oxidation into the electron transfer system. Exercise may stimulate the synthesis of ETF proteins to increase lipid respiration. We determined mitochondrial remodeling for lipid respiration through ETF in the context of higher mitochondrial abundance/capacity seen in female mice. We hypothesized HFD would be a greater stimulus than exercise to remodel ETF and lipid pathways through increased protein synthesis alongside increased lipid respiration. Female C57BL/6J mic...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Philip M. Batterson,
Erin M. McGowan,
Agnieszka K. Borowik,
Michael T. Kinter,
Benjamin F. Miller,
Sean A. Newsom,
Matthew M. Robinson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Flight muscle size reductions and functional changes following long ‐distance flight under variable humidity conditions in a migratory warbler
AbstractBird flight muscle can lose as much as 20% of its mass during a migratory flight due to protein catabolism, and catabolism can be further exacerbated under dehydrating conditions. However, the functional consequences of exercise and environment induced protein catabolism on muscle has not been examined. We hypothesized that prolonged flight would cause a decline in muscle mass, aerobic capacity, and contractile performance. This decline would be heightened for birds placed under dehydrating environmental conditions, which typically increases lean mass losses. Yellow-rumped warblers (Setophaga coronata) were exposed...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 18, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Derrick J. E. Groom,
Betsy Black,
Jessica E. Deakin,
Joely G. DeSimone,
M. Collette Lauzau,
Bradley P. Pedro,
Chad R. Straight,
Kimberly P. Unger,
Mark S. Miller,
Alexander R. Gerson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Impact of bimonthly repeated total sleep deprivation and recovery sleep on cardiovascular indices
AbstractSince short sleep duration adversely affects cardiovascular (CV) health, we investigated the effects of exposures to total sleep deprivation (TSD), and baseline (BL) and recovery (REC) sleep on CV measures. We conducted a 5-day experiment at months 2 and 4 in two separate studies (N = 11 healthy adults; 5 females). During these repeated experiments, CV measures [stroke volume (SV), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), left ventricular ejection time, heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MA P)] were collected at three assessmen...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 18, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Lauren N. Pasetes,
Kathleen M. Rosendahl ‐Garcia,
Namni Goel Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Epicardial placement of human placental membrane protects from heart injury in a swine model of myocardial infarction
We present comprehensive transcriptome and proteome profiles of infarct (IZ), border (BZ), and remote (RZ) zone punch biopsies from swine myocardium during the proliferative cardiac repair phase 14 days post-MI. Both HPAC-treated and untreated tissues showed regional dynamic respons es, whereas only HPAC-treated IZ revealed active immune and extracellular matrix remodeling. Decreased endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-dependent protein secretion and increased antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory responses were measured in HPAC-treated biopsies. We provide quantitative evidence HPAC redu ced cardiac injury from MI in a preclinical...
Source: Physiological Reports - October 18, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Rinku S. Skaria,
Marissa A. Lopez ‐Pier,
Brij S. Kathuria,
Christian J. Leber,
Paul R. Langlais,
Shravan G. Aras,
Zain I. Khalpey,
Pamela G. Hitscherich,
Evangelia Chnari,
Marc Long,
Jared M. Churko,
Raymond B. Runyan,
John P. Konhilas Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
