Dietary supplementation with 1 ‐kestose induces altered locomotor activity and increased striatal dopamine levels with a change in gut microbiota in male mice
This study aimed to examine whether diets supplemented with KES over three consecutive generations could significantly affect some host physiological aspects, including behavioral phenotypes and gut microbial ecology. Mice that received KES-supplemented diets for three generations demonstrated increased activity compared with those fed diets lacking KES. Furthermore, the KES group showed increased striatal dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) levels. The observed increase in DA levels within the striatum was positively correlated with locomotor activity in the KES group but not in the control (CON) group. The α-diversities ...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 7, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Altanzul Altaisaikhan,
Kazufumi Yoshihara,
Tomokazu Hata,
Noriyuki Miyata,
Yasunari Asano,
Takafumi Suematsu,
Yoshihiro Kadota,
Nobuyuki Sudo Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Transmembrane protein 14A protects glomerular filtration barrier integrity
AbstractTransmembrane protein 14A (TMEM14A) is a relatively unknown protein that is now identified to be required for maintaining the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier. It is an integral transmembrane protein of 99 amino acids with three transmembrane domains. TMEM14A has been implied to suppress Bax-mediated apoptosis in other studies. Other than that, little is currently known of its function. Here, we show that its expression is diminished before onset of proteinuria in a spontaneously proteinuric rat model. Knocking downtmem14a mRNA translation results in proteinuria in zebrafish embryos without affecting ...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ramzi Khalil,
Josephine D. D. Bonnemaijer,
Reinhold Kreutz,
Herman P. Spaink,
Pancras C. W. Hogendoorn,
Hans J. Baelde Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Deletion of the muscle enriched lncRNA Oip5os1 induces atrial dysfunction in male mice with diabetes
AbstractLong ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a biological and physiological role in various tissues including the heart. We and others have previously established that the lncRNAOip5os1 (1700020I14Rik, OIP5-AS1, Cyrano) is enriched in striated muscles, and its deletion in mice leads to defects in both skeletal and cardiac muscle function. In the present study, we investigated the impact of globalOip5os1 deletion on cardiac function in the setting of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Specifically, we studied male WT and KO mice with or without diabetes for 24 weeks, and phenotyped animals for metabolic and ...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 6, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Aowen Zhuang,
Yanie Tan,
Yingying Liu,
Christine Yang,
Helen Kiriazis,
Kyah Grigolon,
Shannen Walker,
Simon T. Bond,
Julie R. McMullen,
Anna C. Calkin,
Brian G. Drew Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Runx1 is upregulated by STAT3 and promotes proliferation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
AbstractThough it is well known that mammalian cardiomyocytes exit cell cycle soon after birth, the mechanisms that regulate proliferation remain to be fully elucidated. Recent studies reported that cardiomyocytes undergo dedifferentiation before proliferation, indicating the importance of dedifferentiation in cardiomyocyte proliferation. Since Runx1 is expressed in dedifferentiated cardiomyocytes, Runx1 is widely used as a dedifferentiation marker of cardiomyocytes; however, little is known about the role of Runx1 in the proliferation of cardiomyocytes. The purpose of this study was to clarify the functional significance ...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 2, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Shota Suzuki,
Shota Tanaka,
Yusuke Kametani,
Ayaka Umeda,
Kosuke Nishinaka,
Kaho Egawa,
Yoshiaki Okada,
Masanori Obana,
Yasushi Fujio Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Profiling of adenine ‐derived signaling molecules, cytokinins, in myotubes reveals fluctuations in response to lipopolysaccharide‐induced cell stress
AbstractCytokinins (CTKs) are a diverse collection of evolutionarily conserved adenine-derived signaling molecules classically studied as phytohormones; however, their roles and production have been less studied in mammalian systems. Skeletal muscles are sensitive to cellular cues such as inflammation and in response, alter their secretome to regulate the muscle stem cell and myofiber niche. Using cultured C2C12 muscle cells, we profiled CTK levels to understand (1) whether CTKs are part of the muscle secretome and (2) whether CTKs are responsive to cellular stress. To induce cellular stress, C2C12 myotubes were treated wi...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 2, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Stephanie W. Tobin,
Dev Seneviratne,
Lorna Phan,
Mark Seegobin,
Alexander L. Rico,
Beth Westby,
Anna Kisiala,
Sanela Martic,
Craig R. Brunetti,
R. J. Neil Emery Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Replacement of dietary carbohydrate with protein increases fat mass and reduces hepatic triglyceride synthesis and content in female obese Zucker rats
This study investigated the effects of ER and dietary macronutrient content on body composition; hepatic, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral AT (VAT) lipid metabolic flux (2H2O-labeling); and blood and liver measures of cardiometabolic health in six-week-old female obese Zucker rats (Leprfa+/fa+). Animals were randomized to a 10-week feeding intervention: ad libitum (AL)-HC/LP (76% carbohydrate/15% protein), AL-HP/LC (35% protein/56% carbohydrate), ER-HC/LP, or ER-HP/LC. ER groups consumed 60% of the feed consumed by AL. AL gained more fat mass than ER (P-energy = 0.012) and HP/LC gained more fat mass th...
Source: Physiological Reports - December 1, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: M. Alan Dawson,
Stephen R. Hennigar,
Mahalakshmi Shankaran,
Alyssa M. Kelley,
Bradley J. Anderson,
Edna Nyangau,
Tyler J. Field,
William J. Evans,
Marc K. Hellerstein,
James P. McClung,
Stefan M. Pasiakos,
Claire E. Berryman Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Developmental fluoxetine exposure affects adolescent and adult bone depending on the dose and period of exposure in mice
AbstractAt the end of gestation, fetal skeleton rapidly accumulates calcium, and bone development continues in offspring postnatally. To accommodate, maternal skeletal physiology is modulated in a serotonin-dependent manner. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are generally considered safe for treatment of major depressive disorder, postpartum depression, and other psychiatric illnesses during the peripartum period, but because serotonin affects bone remodeling, SSRIs are associated with decreased bone mass across all ages and sexes, and the impact of SSRIs during fetal and postnatal development has not been fu...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Hannah P. Fricke,
Chandler J. Krajco,
Molly J. Perry,
Katelyn M. Desorcy ‐Scherer,
Lella A. Wake,
Julia F. Charles,
Laura L. Hernandez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Umbelliferone attenuates cisplatin ‐induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via NRF2
In this study, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of Umbelliferone (UMB) against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). C57BL/6J mice were treated with cisplatin via a single intraperitoneal injection (25 mg/kg) with or without UMB (40 mg/kg/day) by gavage. Renal function, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial function were analyzed to evaluate kidney injury. In vitro, human proximal tubule epithelial cells were treated with cisplatin, with or without UMB, for 24 h. Wes tern blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to explore the mechanisms underlying the nephroprotect...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 30, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Zhenle Yang,
Ruofei Ning,
Qianying Liu,
Ruixian Zang,
Suwen Liu,
Shuzhen Sun Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Congratulations to Physiological Reports
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - November 29, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Susan Wray Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Physiological Reports celebrates its first 10 years
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - November 29, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Josephine C. Adams,
Oliver J. Price,
Natasha Rogers,
Sharon Rounds,
Akiyuki Taruno,
Arianne L. Theiss,
Shizuka Uchida,
David C. Wright Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - November 28, 2023 Category: Physiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Influence of metabolic stress and metformin on synaptic protein profile in SH ‐SY5Y‐derived neurons
AbstractInsulin resistance (IR) is associated with reductions in neuronal proteins often observed with Alzheimer's disease (AD), however, the mechanisms through which IR promotes neurodegeneration/AD pathogenesis are poorly understood. Metformin (MET), a potent activator of the metabolic regulator AMPK is used to treat IR but its effectiveness for AD is unclear. We have previously shown that chronic AMPK activation impairs neurite growth and protein synthesis in SH-SY5Y neurons, however, AMPK activation in IR was not explored. Therefore, we examined the effects of MET-driven AMPK activation with and without IR. Retinoic ac...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 28, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Alex J. T. Yang,
Ahmad Mohammad,
Michael S. Finch,
Evangelia Tsiani,
Gaynor Spencer,
Aleksandar Necakov,
Rebecca E. K. MacPherson Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Thyroid hormone increases fatty acid use in fetal ovine cardiac myocytes
AbstractCardiac metabolic substrate preference shifts at parturition from carbohydrates to fatty acids. We hypothesized that thyroid hormone (T3) and palmitic acid (PA) stimulate fetal cardiomyocyte oxidative metabolism capacity. T3 was infused into fetal sheep to a target of 1.5 nM. Dispersed cardiomyocytes were assessed for lipid uptake and droplet formation with BODIPY-labeled fatty acids. Myocardial expression levels were assessed PCR. Cardiomyocytes from naïve fetuses were exposed to T3 and PA, and oxygen consumption was measured with the Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Cardiomyocytes (130-day gestational age) exposed to el...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Natasha Chattergoon,
Samantha Louey,
Sonnet S. Jonker,
Kent L. Thornburg Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The effectiveness of time domain and nonlinear heart rate variability metrics in ultra ‐short time series
This study aims to investigate whether HRV metrics can capture changes in HRV from external stimuli, and whether these metrics remain effective under various recording length. Participants completed varying stimulating activities including viewing images, arithmetic tasks, and memory recall of viewed images. SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, SD2, SD1/SD2, and DFA were extracted from the data. Comparing arithmetic calculation and the first minute of memory recall, SDNN, pNN50, SD2, and SD1/SD2 had significant HRV differences; this suggests that these metrics can distinguish the inherently different stimuli participants were exposed to. H...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Zifan Gu,
Vanessa Zarubin,
Carolyn Martsberger Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Abdominal aerobic endurance exercise reveals spot reduction exists: A randomized controlled trial
AbstractThe existence of spot reduction, exercise-induced local body fat reduction, has been debated for half a century. Although the evidence is equivocal, no study has applied aerobic endurance training closely matching interventions for energy expenditure. Sixteen overweight (BMI: 29.8 ± 3.3(SD) kg m−2) males (43 ± 9 years) were randomized to: (1) abdominal endurance exercise (AG), combining treadmill running at 70% HRmax (27 min) with 4 × 4 min (30%–40% maximal strength, 1RM) of torso rotation and abdominal crunches (57 min), 4 days⋅week−1 for 10 weeks; or (2) control group (CG)...
Source: Physiological Reports - November 27, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Mathias Forsberg Brobakken,
Iben Krogs æter,
Jan Helgerud,
Eivind Wang,
Jan Hoff Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
