Evaluating the association between opium abuse, blood lead levels, and the complexity of coronary artery disease
Opium abuse was associated with high BLLs. Neither opium abuse nor high BLLs were correlated with the complexity of CAD. AbstractOpium abuse and exposure to heavy metals elevate the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we aimed to determine the association between opium abuse and blood lead levels (BLLs) and the CAD complexity. We evaluated patients with acute coronary symptoms who underwent coronary angiography, and those with>50% stenosis in at least one of the coronary arteries were included. Furthermore, Synergy between PCI with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery I (SYNTAX I) score and BLLs were measured. Based ...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Ramin Khameneh Bagheri,
Seyed Hadi Mousavi,
Hassan Mehrad‐Majd,
Mohammad Javad Jamili,
Arya Nasimi Shad,
Vafa Baradaran Rahimi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effect of heat stress on the hypothalamic expression profile of water homeostasis ‐associated genes in low‐ and high‐water efficient chicken lines
Divergently selected broilers for high water efficiency drunk less water during high environmental temperature and perform better than their low-water efficient counterparts through modulation of hypothalamic AVP, RAAS, and aquaporin systems. AbstractWith climate change, selection for water efficiency and heat resilience are vitally important. We undertook this study to determine the effect of chronic cyclic heat stress (HS) on the hypothalamic expression profile of water homeostasis-associated markers in high (HWE)- and low (LWE)-water efficient chicken lines. HS significantly elevated core body temperatures of both lines...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 12, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Loujain Aloui,
Elizabeth S. Greene,
Travis Tabler,
Kentu Lassiter,
Kevin Thompson,
Walter G. Bottje,
Sara Orlowski,
Sami Dridi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cervical spinal cord hemisection impacts sigh and the respiratory reset in male rats
We examined the impact of upper cervical (C2) spinal cord hemisection (C2SH) on the transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) generated during sighs and the post-sigh respiratory reset in rats. Sighs were identified inPdi traces by their characteristic biphasic pattern. We found that C2SH results in a reduction ofPdi during both eupnea and sighs, and a decrease in the immediate post-sigh breath interval. These results are consistent with partial removal of descending excitatory synaptic inputs to phrenic motor neurons that results from C2SH. Following cervical spinal cord injury, a reduction in the amplitude ofPdi during sighs may...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 12, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Matthew J. Fogarty,
Wen ‐Zhi Zhan,
Carlos B. Mantilla,
Gary C. Sieck Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Simulated microgravity increases CD226+Lin −CD117−Sca1+ mesenchymal stem cells in mice
This study provides pivotal information to understand the role of CD226 in MSCs, and inspires new ideas for prevention of bone loss related diseases. (Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - March 12, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Wenjing Zhou,
Yi Li,
Yongli Hou,
Wenli Dan,
Lihua Chen,
Fei Shi,
Fang Zhao,
Liang Fang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Correction to “Adaptation to full weight‐bearing following disuse in rats: The impact of biological sex on musculoskeletal recovery”
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - March 11, 2024 Category: Physiology Tags: CORRECTION Source Type: research
Effects of hindlimb unloading on the mevalonate and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling pathways in a fast ‐twitch muscle in rats
AbstractFast-twitch muscles are less susceptible to disuse atrophy, activate the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway, and increase protein synthesis under prolonged muscle disuse conditions. However, the mechanism underlying prolonged muscle disuse-induced mTORC1 signaling activation remains unclear. The mevalonate pathway activates the mTORC1 signaling pathway via the prenylation and activation of Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb). Therefore, we investigated the effects of hindlimb unloading (HU) for 14 days on the mevalonate and mTORC1 signaling pathways in the plantaris muscle, a f...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 8, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Munehiro Uda,
Toshinori Yoshihara,
Noriko Ichinoseki ‐Sekine,
Takeshi Baba Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Prior acute exercise restores postprandial fat oxidation in active cannabis users
This study indicated that prior exercise improves lipid metabolism in cannabis users and nonusers after a high-fat meal test. Cannabis users appear sensitive to the effects of exercise. Future studies should incorporate additional meals and variables related to cardiovascular health and me tabolism. (Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - March 8, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Matthew M. Schubert,
Samantha Terauds,
Maren Plant,
Grace Handler,
Colin Atkins,
Casandra Mendez Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
mTORC1 hyperactivation and resultant suppression of macroautophagy contribute to the induction of cardiomyocyte necroptosis by catecholamine surges
AbstractPrevious studies revealed a controversial role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC1-regulated macroautophagy in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac injury. Here we investigated the role of mTORC1 and potential underlying mechanisms in ISO-induced cardiomyocyte necrosis. Two consecutive daily injections of ISO (85 mg/kg,s.c.) or vehicle control (CTL) were administered to C57BL/6J mice with or without rapamycin (RAP, 5 mg/kg,i.p.) pretreatment. Western blot analyses showed that myocardial mTORC1 signaling and the RIPK1 –RIPK3–MLKL necroptotic pathway were activated, mRNA expressi...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 6, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Mingqi Cai,
Penglong Wu,
Wei Ni,
Dong Huang,
Xuejun Wang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Charting the course of Physiology within the post ‐Bologna European higher education area: Insights from Portugal
AbstractThe future of physiology has been a recurrent concern for physiologists and Physiological Societies within post-Bologna Europe and the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). Our paper provides an overview of Physiology teaching and research in Portugal, an EU member state and part of the EHEA. A descriptive study was designed to analyze data publicly available from the National Higher Education Directorate agency (DGES) from September to November 2022 to find all Portuguese syllabi containing at least one discipline related to human Physiology. A detailed database was established, including teaching staff, with a t...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 6, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Luis Monteiro Rodrigues,
Iris Guerreiro,
Vera M. S. Isca,
Jo ão Gregório Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Apneic response to fentanyl in adult rats: Role of laryngeal afferents
AbstractIntravenous (systemic) bolus injection of fentanyl (FNT) reportedly induces an immediate vagal-mediated apnea; however, the precise origin of vagal afferents responsible for this apnea remains unknown. We tested whether intralaryngeal (local) application of FNT would also trigger an apnea and whether the apneic response to both local and systemic administration of FNT was laryngeal afferent-mediated. Cardiorespiratory responses to FNT were recorded in anesthetized male adult rats with and without bilateral sectioning of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLNx) or peri-SLN capsaicin treatment (SLNcap) to block local C-fi...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 6, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Jianguo Zhuang,
Xiuping Gao,
Shan Shi,
Fadi Xu Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Sepsis ‐associated encephalopathy: Autophagy and miRNAs regulate microglial activation
AbstractSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) describes diffuse or multifocal cerebral dysfunction caused by the systemic inflammatory response to sepsis. SAE is a common neurological complication in patients in the middle and late stages of sepsis in the intensive care unit. Microglia, resident macrophages of the central nervous system, phagocytose small numbers of neuronal cells and apoptotic cells, among other cells, to maintain the dynamic balance of the brain's internal environment. The neuroinflammatory response induced by activated microglia plays a central role in the pathogenesis of various central nervous system...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nannan Qin,
Yanmei Miao,
Leiyu Xie,
Xinglong Ma,
Peng Xie Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
The effect of breathing hypoxic gas (15% FIO2) on physiological and behavioral outcomes during simulated driving in healthy subjects
AbstractHypoxia is mainly caused by cardiopulmonary disease or high-altitude exposure. We used a driving simulator to investigate whether breathing hypoxic gas influences driving behaviors in healthy subjects. Fifty-two healthy subjects were recruited in this study, approved by the Science and Engineering Ethical Committee. During simulated driving experiments, driving behaviors, breathing frequency, oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate variability (HRV) were analyzed. Each subject had four driving sessions; a 10-min practice and three 20-min randomized interventions: normoxic room air (21% FIO2) and medical air (21% F...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaspreet Kaur,
Lebbathana Manokaran,
Michael Thynne,
Mirza M. F. Subhan Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
The heart of physiological reports
(Source: Physiological Reports)
Source: Physiological Reports - March 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Merry L. Lindsey,
Keith R. Brunt,
Petra Kleinbongard,
Jason R. Carter,
Crystal M. Ripplinger,
Zamaneh Kassiri,
Kara Hansell Keehan,
Amanda J. LeBlanc,
Jonathan A. Kirk Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Caloric restriction reduces proteinuria in male rats with established nephropathy
This study shows that caloric restriction reduces proteinuria and blood pressure in rats with established renal dysfunction even in groups which were corrected for protein and sodium loss due to caloric restriction.The findings prove that caloric restriction is a potential treatment for proteinuria in rats with established renal disease. AbstractReducing proteinuria is a crucial approach in preventing kidney function loss. Previous preclinical studies indicated that caloric restriction (CR) imposed at a young age protects against age-related proteinuria. However, these studies have not explored CR in established renal dise...
Source: Physiological Reports - March 5, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: J. W. A. Sijbesma,
A. van Waarde,
A. Klooster,
I. Kion,
R. H. J. A. Slart,
A. A. Lammertsma,
B. Lima Giacobbo,
H. H. Boersma,
R. A. J. O. Dierckx,
H. van Goor,
S. J. L. Bakker Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
NRF2 in kidney physiology and disease
AbstractThe role of NRF2 in kidney biology has received considerable interest over the past decade. NRF2 transcriptionally controls genes responsible for cellular protection against oxidative and electrophilic stress and has anti-inflammatory functions. NRF2 is expressed throughout the kidney and plays a role in salt and water handling. In disease, animal studies show that NRF2 protects against tubulointerstitial damage and reduces interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and may slow progression of polycystic kidney disease. However, the role of NRF2 in proteinuric glomerular diseases is controversial. Although the NRF2...
Source: Physiological Reports - February 29, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Corry D. Bondi,
Hannah L. Hartman,
Roderick J. Tan Tags: INVITED REVIEW Source Type: research
