The Use of Standardized Intraoperative Language Tests in Awake Craniotomies: A Scoping Review
In this study, we performed a scoping review in order to locate standardized and validated intraoperative language tests. Our inquiry included two databases (PubMED and MEDLINE), gray literature, and snowball referencing. We discovered 87 studies reporting use of mixed batteries, which consist of homemade tasks and tests borrowed from other settings. The tests we found to meet the validation and standardization criteria we set were ultimately three (n = 3) and each one has its own advantages and disadvantages. We argue that tests with high sensitivity and specificity not only can lead to better outcomes postoperatively, bu...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 31, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Dysfunctions in Parkinson ’s Disease: A Meta-Analytic Study
AbstractA relationship between sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunctions was reported in Parkinson ’s Disease (PD), however, some studies did not confirm the link. A meta-analytic study was performed to investigate the relationship between sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunctions, and to clarify the evolution of cognitive status in PD patients with sleep disorders.The systematic literature search was performed up to November 2020 using PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. We included studies published in peer-reviewed journals in English providing results about neuropsychological comparison between patients with or...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 29, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Psychological Tests in Arabic: A Review of Methodological Practices and Recommendations for Future Use
Abstract
Mental health research among Arabic speakers is increasing, and with it the need to assess psychopathology of Arabic-speaking populations, including natives, refugees, and immigrants. However, major challenges include the unavailability of appropriate Arabic tools, and the difficulty of judging whether available tools are appropriate. Critical judgment of psychometric tools is important, because they are used for high stake decisions such as clinical outcomes and diagnoses. We identified Arabic-language tests that measure constructs related to mental illness and health, critically analyzed their methodologies, ...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 26, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Apathy and Depression as Predictors of Activities of Daily Living Following Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injuries in Adults: A Meta-Analysis
AbstractApathy and depression are common sequelae of acquired brain injury (ABI). Apathy is a syndrome characterized by diminished motivation and purposeful behaviours. Depression is a mood disorder featuring sadness, worthlessness, anhedonia and suicidal ideation. Both are associated negatively with activities of daily living (ADL), the skills required to fulfil basic and complex physical needs. However, the current literature ’s results are inconsistent and based on relatively small sample sizes. Furthermore, the unique and combined effects of apathy and depression as predictors of ADL have not yet been estimated. This...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 23, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Antisaccades in Parkinson ’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis
AbstractThe usefulness of eye-tracking tasks as potential biomarkers for motor or cognitive disease burden in Parkinson ’s disease (PD) has been subject of debate for many years. Several studies suggest that the performance in the antisaccade task may be altered in patients with PD and associated with motor disease severity or executive dysfunction. In this meta-analysis, random effects models were used to synthesi ze the existing evidence on antisaccade error rates and latency in PD. Furthermore, meta-regressions were performed to assess the role of motor and cognitive disease severity, dopaminergic medication and metho...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 19, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Neural Bases of Drawing. A Meta-analysis and a Systematic Literature Review of Neurofunctional Studies in Healthy Individuals
AbstractDrawing is a multi-component process requiring a wide range of cognitive abilities. Several studies on patients with focal brain lesions and functional neuroimaging studies on healthy individuals demonstrated that drawing is associated with a wide brain network. However, the neural structures specifically related to drawing remain to be better comprehended. We conducted a systematic review complemented by a meta-analytic approach to identify the core neural underpinnings related to drawing in healthy individuals. In analysing the selected studies, we took into account the type of the control task employed (i.e. mot...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 16, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review of the Literature
AbstractThere is evidence that diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is able to detect tissue alterations following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that may not be observed on conventional neuroimaging; however, findings are often inconsistent between studies. This systematic review assesses patterns of differences in DWI metrics between those with and without a history of mTBI. A PubMed literature search was performed using relevant indexing terms for articles published prior to May 14, 2020. Findings were limited to human studies using DWI in mTBI. Articles were excluded if they were not full-length, did not contain origin...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 15, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Quantitative Meta-Analyses: Lateralization of Memory Functions Before and After Surgery in Children with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
ConclusionsThe findings suggest that side of the epileptogenic zone and resection from the temporal lobe affect verbal memory in children with LTLE. Right resection seems to be safe with respect to verbal memory performance. (Source: Neuropsychology Review)
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 6, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Volumetric MRI Findings in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI) and Neuropsychological Outcome
AbstractRegion of interest (ROI) volumetric assessment has become a standard technique in quantitative neuroimaging. ROI volume is thought to represent a coarse proxy for making inferences about the structural integrity of a brain region when compared to normative values representative of a healthy sample, adjusted for age and various demographic factors. This review focuses on structural volumetric analyses that have been performed in the study of neuropathological effects from mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in relation to neuropsychological outcome. From a ROI perspective, the probable candidate structures that are m...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Cognitive and Behavioural Attention in Children with Low-Moderate and Heavy Doses of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
AbstractAttention problems are thought to be a hallmark feature of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Despite decades of research however, these findings have never been pooled to assess the association between PAE and the different domains of attention functioning. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the relationships between low-moderate, binge and heavy PAE with domains of attention functioning (encode, focus, shift, sustain and behavioural) in children. Thirteen studies compared children with PAE to abstinent controls. A significant adverse effect of any PAE on shifting attention (Cohen ’sd = ...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Correlations between Dual-Pathway White Matter Alterations and Language Impairment in Patients with Aphasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
In conclusion, multifunctional characteristics of tracts were revealed in aphasic patients, including broad linguistic associations of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and repetition and syntactic involvement of the arcuate fasciculus. Language associations of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus were clarified regarding comprehension subdomains. The insignificant moderating effect of the etiolo gy indicates damage of dual pathways is the common neural mechanism, while sex and age influence the correlation with comprehension and naming ability, respectively, in specific tracts. (Source: Neuropsychology Review)
Source: Neuropsychology Review - March 3, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
The Prevalence and Characteristics of Alexithymia in Adults Following Brain Injury: A Meta-Analysis
AbstractAlexithymia is the inability to identify and describe one ’s own emotions. Some research suggests that organic alexithymia may occur after acquired brain injury (ABI). However, the results in the literature are inconsistent, when comparisons are made against healthy controls. Furthermore, a precise estimate of alexithymia prevalence in the ABI population has not yet been reported. Consequently, this meta–analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence and characteristics of alexithymia in ABI, as measured by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale–20 (TAS–20). Based on 22 unique ABI samples, a series of random-effects met...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - February 23, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Parkinson ’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Mood Effects
AbstractThis meta-analysis examines mood changes after bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in patients with Parkinson ’s disease (PD). Deep brain stimulation improves motor outcomes in Parkinson’s disease but there appears to be conflicting reports as to subsequent mood outcomes. Pubmed, PsychINFO and SCOPUS were searched for studies assessing mood outcomes in PD patients who had undergone STN-DBS published bet ween January 2003 and the end of January 2019. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted for all outcome groups with at least two studies homogenous in design and measure. Forty-eight studie...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - February 19, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Visuoperceptive Impairments in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Critical Review of Behavioral Studies
AbstractThe present literature review is aimed at offering a comprehensive and critical view of behavioral data collected during the past seventy years concerning visuoperception in severe alcohol use disorders (AUD). To pave the way for a renewal of research and clinical approaches in this very little understood field, this paper (1) provides a critical review of previous behavioral studies exploring visuoperceptive processing in severe AUD, (2) identifies the alcohol-related parameters and demographic factors that influence the deficits, and (3) addresses the limitations of this literature and their implications for cu...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - February 16, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Gray Matter Atrophy in the Cortico-Striatal-Thalamic Network and Sensorimotor Network in Relapsing –Remitting and Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
This study is registered with PROSPERO (number CRD42019121319). Compared with healthy controls, RRMS and PPMS patients showed gray matter atrophy in the cortico-striatal-thalamic network, sensorimotor network, and bilateral insula. RRMS patie nts had a larger GMV in the left insula, cerebellum, right precentral gyrus, and bilateral putamen as well as a smaller GMV in the bilateral cingulate, caudate nucleus, right thalamus, superior temporal gyrus and left postcentral gyrus than PPMS patients. The disease duration, Expanded Disability St atus Scale score, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test z-score, and T2-weighted lesion ...
Source: Neuropsychology Review - February 13, 2021 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
