Role of the RprY response regulator in P. gingivalis community development and virulence
In this study, we examined cross‐phosphorylation of RprY on tyrosine residues and its importance for RprY function. We show that RprY reacts with phosphotyrosine antibodies, and found that the t yrosine (Y) residue at position 41 is predicted to be solvent accessible. Loss of RprY increased the level of heterotypic community development withStreptococcus gordonii, and the community ‐suppressive function of RprY required Y41. Expression of the Mfa1 fimbrial adhesin was increased in therprY mutant and in the mutant complemented withrprY containing a Y41F mutation. In a microscale thermophoresis assay, recombinant RprY pr...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 6, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Daonan Shen,
John D. Perpich,
Kendall S. Stocke,
Lan Yakoumatos,
Zackary R. Fitzsimonds,
Chengcheng Liu,
Daniel P. Miller,
Richard J. Lamont Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Enhanced biofilm formation of Streptococcus gordonii with lipoprotein deficiency
In this study, we investigated the role of lipoproteins ofS. gordonii in the bacterial biofilm formation using its lipoprotein ‐deficient strain (Δlgt). TheS. gordonii Δlgt exhibited increased biofilm formation on the human dentin slices or on the polystyrene surfaces compared to the wild ‐type strain, while its growth rate did not differ from that of the wild‐type. In addition, theS. gordonii Δlgt strain exhibited the enhanced LuxS mRNA expression and AI ‐2 production, which is known to be a positive regulator of biofilm formation, compared to the wild‐type. Concordantly, the augmented biofilm formation ofS. ...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 6, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Ok ‐Jin Park,
Solmin Jung,
Taehwan Park,
A Reum Kim,
Dongwook Lee,
Hyun Jung Ji,
Ho Seong Seo,
Cheol‐Heui Yun,
Seung Hyun Han Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Platelet plug formation in whole blood is enhanced in the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis
AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a gram ‐negative anaerobic bacterium and an etiologic agent of adult periodontitis. By inducing a dysbiotic state within the host microbiota it contributes to a chronic inflammatory environment in the oral cavity. Under some circumstances, the oral bacteria may gain access to systemic circulation. While the most widely recognized function of platelets is to reduce hemorrhage in case of vascular damage, it is known that platelets are also involved in the hematologic responses to bacterial infections. Some pathogenic bacteria can interact with platelets, triggering their activation and a...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 6, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: William A. Chen,
Hansel M. Fletcher,
Joseph D. Gheorghe,
Udochukwu Oyoyo,
Danilo S. Boskovic Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
Molecular Oral Microbiology, Volume 35, Issue 6, Page i-iii, December 2020. (Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology)
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 6, 2020 Category: Microbiology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Multiple factors are involved in regulation of extracellular membrane vesicle biogenesis in Streptococcus mutans
This study showed that when added to the culture medium, MVs significantly enhancedS. mutans biofilm formation especially in the presence of sucrose and regardless of whether human saliva was also added. Multiple factors including 4 ’‐phosphopantetheinyl transferase (Sfp), di‐adenylyl cyclase (Dac) and phosphodiesterase (PdeA) were found to play significant roles in regulation of MV production. AbstractStreptococcus mutans, a major etiological agent of human dental caries, produces membrane vesicles (MVs) that contain protein and extracellular DNA. In this study, functional genomics, along with in vitro biofilm model...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 3, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zezhang T. Wen,
Ashton N. Jorgensen,
Xiaochang Huang,
Kassapa Ellepola,
Lynne Chapman,
Hui Wu,
L. Jeannine Brady Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Modified SHI medium supports growth of a disease ‐state subgingival polymicrobial community in vitro
AbstractDeveloping a laboratory model of oral polymicrobial communities is essential for in vitro studies of the transition from healthy to diseased oral plaque. SHI medium is an enriched growth medium capable of supporting in vitro biofilms with similar diversity to healthy supragingival inocula; however, this medium does not maintain the diversity of gram ‐negative bacteria more associated with subgingival plaque. Here, we systematically modified SHI medium components to investigate the impacts of varying nutrients and develop a medium capable of supporting a specific disease‐state subgingival community. A diseased s...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - December 3, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Eleanor I. Lamont,
Archita Gadkari,
Kristopher A. Kerns,
Thao T. To,
Diane Daubert,
Georgios Kotsakis,
Batbileg Bor,
Xuesong He,
Jeffrey S. McLean Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Development of an FhbB based chimeric vaccinogen that elicits antibodies that block Factor H binding and cleavage by the periopathogen Treponema denticola
This study is the first to extend this approach to the development of a preventive or therapeutic vaccine (or monoclonal Ab) for periodontal disease. (Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology)
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - November 20, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nathaniel S. OBier,
Dhara T. Patel,
Lee D. Oliver,
Daniel P. Miller,
Richard T. Marconi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
A double ‐edged sword: Role of butyrate in the oral cavity and the gut
AbstractButyrate, a four ‐carbon short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA), is a metabolite of anaerobic bacteria. Butyrate has primarily been described as an energy substance in the studies on the digestive tract. The multiple mechanisms of its protective function in the gut and on underlying diseases (including metabolic diseases , diseases of the nervous system, and osteoporosis) via interaction with intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells have been well documented. There are many butyrogenic bacteria in the oral cavity as well. As essential components of the oral microbiome, periodontal pathogens are also able to gene rat...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - November 19, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xiaoyuan Guan,
Wenjing Li,
Huanxin Meng Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Towards defining the outer membrane proteome of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Porphyromonas gingivalis cell showing different types of outer membrane ‐associated proteins with their localization and function. AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram ‐negative anaerobic pathogen found in subgingival plaque associated with progressive periodontitis. Proteins associated with the outer membrane (OM) of Gram‐negative pathogens are particularly important for understanding virulence and for developing vaccines. The aim of this study was to establi sh a reliable list of outer membrane associated proteins (Omps) for this organism. Starting with a list of 99 experimentally determined Omps, several bi...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - November 15, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Paul D. Veith,
Dhana G. Gorasia,
Eric C. Reynolds Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
Modified SHI ‐medium supports growth of a disease‐state subgingival polymicrobial community in vitro
SummaryDeveloping a laboratory model of oral polymicrobial communities is essential forin vitro studies of the transition from healthy to diseased oral plaque. SHI ‐medium is an enriched growth medium capable of supportingin vitro biofilms with similar diversity to healthy supragingival inocula; however, this medium does not maintain the diversity of gram ‐negative bacteria more associated with subgingival plaque. Here, we systematically modified SHI‐medium components to investigate the impacts of varying nutrients and develop a medium capable of supporting a specific disease‐state subgingival community. A periodon...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - November 11, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Eleanor I. Lamont,
Archita Gadkari,
Kristopher A. Kerns,
Thao T. To,
Diane Daubert,
Georgios Kotsakis,
Batbileg Bor,
Xuesong He,
Jeffrey S. McLean Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
A double ‐edged sword: Role of butyrate in the oral cavity and the gut
AbstractButyrate, a four ‐carbon short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA), is a metabolite of anaerobic bacteria. Butyrate has primarily been described as an energy substance in the studies on the digestive tract, the largest microorganism reservoir in the human body. The multiple mechanisms of its protective function in the gut a nd on underlying diseases (including metabolic diseases, diseases of the nervous system, and osteoporosis) via interaction with intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells have been well documented. There are many butyrogenic bacteria in the oral cavity as well. As essential components of the oral micr...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - November 5, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xiaoyuan Guan,
Wenjing Li,
Huanxin Meng Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Periodontal Pathogens ’ strategies disarm neutrophils to promote dysregulated inflammation.
SummaryPeriodontitis is an irreversible, chronic inflammatory disease where inflammophilic pathogenic microbial communities accumulate in the gingival crevice. Neutrophils are a major component of the innate host response against bacterial challenge, and under homeostatic conditions, their microbicidal functions typically protect the host against periodontitis. However, a number of periodontal pathogens developed survival strategies to evade neutrophil microbicidal functions while promoting inflammation, which provides a source of nutrients for bacterial growth. Research on periodontal pathogens has largely focused on a fe...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - October 31, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Irina Miralda,
Silvia M Uriarte Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Towards defining the outer membrane proteome of Porphyromonas gingivalis
SummaryPorphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram ‐negative anaerobic pathogen found in subgingival plaque associated with progressive periodontitis. Proteins associated with the outer membrane (OM) of Gram‐negative pathogens are particularly important for understanding virulence and for developing vaccines. The aim of this study was to establi sh a reliable list of outer membrane associated proteins (Omps) for this organism. Starting with a list of 99 experimentally determined Omps, several bioinformatics tools were used to predict a further 52 proteins, leading to a predicted OM proteome of 151 proteins. The tools used inclu...
Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - October 30, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Paul D. Veith,
Dhana G. Gorasia,
Eric C. Reynolds Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research
