Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia RSS feedThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Attenuation of Mammary Gland Dysplasia and Feeding Difficulties in Tabby Mice by Fetal Therapy
AbstractHypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasias (HED) are hereditary differentiation disorders of multiple ectodermal structures including the mammary gland. The X-linked form of HED (XLHED) is caused by a lack of the secreted signaling molecule ectodysplasin A1 (EDA1) which is encoded by the geneEDA and belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. Although male patients (hemizygous) are usually more severely affected by XLHED, heterozygous female carriers of anEDA mutation may also suffer from a variety of symptoms, in particular from abnormal development of their breasts. InTabby mice, a well-studied animal model o...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Pax-5 Inhibits NF- κB Activity in Breast Cancer Cells Through IKKε and miRNA-155 Effectors
In this study, we set out to elucidate the regulatory network between differentialPax-5 expression and NF- κB activity which dictate breast cancer malignancy. Through next-generation sequencing (NGS) of breast cancer cells conditionally expressingPax-5, we profile significantly upregulated microRNAs; including microRNA-155, a known regulator of pathological processes and suppressor of malignant growth. Through the conditional expression of microRNA-155 in breast cancer models, we identify and validate IKK ε (IKBKE) as a downstream target and an essential effector ofPax-5-mediated suppression of NF- κB signaling. Using r...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Histology and Transcriptome Profiles of the Mammary Gland across Critical Windows of Development in Sprague Dawley Rats
We examined mammary glands in femal e Sprague Dawley rats across six developmental stages – pre-pubertal, peri-pubertal, pubertal, lactation, adult parous and adult nulliparous. We investigated histology by Hematoxylin and Eosin and Mallory’s Trichrome stain, proliferative and apoptotic rate by immunohistochemistry and whole-trans criptome by microarrays. We identified differentially expressed genes between adjacent developmental stages by linear models, underlying pathways by gene ontology analysis and gene networks and hubs active across developmental stages by coexpression network analysis. Mammary gland development...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

cIAP2 Is an Independent Signaling and Survival Factor during Mammary Lactational Involution and Tumorigenesis
AbstractCellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins-1 and -2 (cIAP1/2) are integral to regulation of apoptosis and signaling by the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and related family of receptors. The expression of cIAP2 in tissues is typically low and considered functionally redundant with cIAP1, however cIAP2 can be activated by a variety of cellular stresses. Members of the TNFR family and their ligands have essential roles in mammary gland biology. We have found thatcIAP2−/− virgin mammary glands have reduced ductal branching and delayed lobuloalveogenesis in early pregnancy. Post-lactational involution involves two phase...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Oxytocin Induces Mammary Epithelium Disruption and Could Stimulate Epithelial Cell Exfoliation
AbstractMammary epithelial cells (MEC) are exfoliated from the epithelium into milk, influencing the number of MEC present in the udder. This process is associated with epithelium integrity. The release of oxytocin (OT) induced by milking causes myoepithelial cell contraction, which, in turn, may stimulate MEC exfoliation through mechanical forces. To investigate the role of OT in MEC exfoliation, we inhibited or induced myoepithelial cell contraction by injecting the OT receptor antagonist atosiban (Ato) or a supraphysiological dose of OT, respectively. Eight cows were assigned to 2 treatments during 2 milkings according ...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Can Bovine Leukemia Virus Be Related to Human Breast Cancer? A Review of the Evidence
We present a compilation of the current knowledge on the subject and some prospective analysis that is required to fully end this controversy. (Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia)
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Breaking through to the Other Side: Microenvironment Contributions to DCIS Initiation and Progression
AbstractRefinements in early detection, surgical and radiation therapy, and hormone receptor-targeted treatments have improved the survival rates for breast cancer patients. However, the ability to reliably identify which non-invasive lesions and localized tumors have the ability to progress and/or metastasize remains a major unmet need in the field. The current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies focus on intrinsic alterations within carcinoma cells that are closely associated with proliferation. However, substantial accumulating evidence has indicated that permissive changes in the stromal tissues surrounding the carci...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - August 31, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Modeling Human Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in the Mouse
AbstractBreast cancer development is a multi-step process in which genetic and molecular heterogeneity occurs at multiple stages. Ductal carcinoma arises from pre-invasive lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which progress to invasive and metastatic cancer. The feasibility of obtaining tissue samples from all stages of progression from the same patient is low, and thus molecular studies dissecting the mechanisms that mediate the transition from pre-invasive DCIS to invasive carcinoma have been hampered. In the past 25  years, numerous mouse models have been developed that...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - August 25, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Androgen Receptor Signalling Promotes a Luminal Phenotype in Mammary Epithelial Cells
AbstractAndrogens influence mammary gland development but the specific role of the androgen receptor (AR) in mammary function is largely unknown. We identified cell subsets that express AR in vivo and determined the effect of AR activation and transgenic AR inhibition on sub-populations of the normal mouse mammary epithelium by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Immunolocalisation of AR with markers of lineage identity was also performed in human breast tissues. AR activation in vivo significantly decreased the proportion of basal cells, and caused an accumulation of cells that expressed a basal cell marker but exhib...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - August 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

CXCL1 Derived from Mammary Fibroblasts Promotes Progression of Mammary Lesions to Invasive Carcinoma through CXCR2 Dependent Mechanisms
AbstractWith improved screening methods, the numbers of abnormal breast lesions diagnosed in women have been increasing over time. However, it remains unclear whether these breast lesions will develop into invasive cancers. To more effectively predict the outcome of breast lesions and determine a more appropriate course of treatment, it is important to understand the underlying mechanisms that regulate progression of non-invasive lesions to invasive breast cancers. A hallmark of invasive breast cancers is the accumulation of fibroblasts. Fibroblast proliferation and activation in the mammary gland is in part regulated by t...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - August 9, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Role of Liver X Receptor in Mastitis Therapy and Regulation of Milk Fat Synthesis
AbstractMastitis is important disease that causes huge economic losses in the dairy industry. In recent years, antibiotic therapy has become the primary treatment for mastitis, however, due to drug residue in milk and food safety factors, we lack safe and effective drugs for treating mastitis. Therefore, new targets and drugs are urgently needed to control mastitis. LXR α, one of the main members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is reported to play important roles in metabolism, infection and immunity. Activation of LXRα could inhibit LPS-induced mastitis. Furthermore, LXRα is reported to enhance milk fat production...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - July 31, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research