Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Emerging Roles of Steroid Hormone Receptors in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) of the Breast
AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor to most types of invasive breast cancer (IBC). Although it is estimated only one third of untreated patients with DCIS will progress to IBC, standard of care for treatment is surgery and radiation. This therapeutic approach combined with a lack of reliable biomarker panels to predict DCIS progression is a major clinical problem. DCIS shares the same molecular subtypes as IBC including estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive luminal subtypes, which encompass the majority (60 –70%) of DCIS. Compared to the established roles of ER and...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - October 18, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

STAT5-Driven Enhancers Tightly Control Temporal Expression of Mammary-Specific Genes
AbstractThe de novo formation of milk-secreting mammary epithelium during pregnancy is regulated by prolactin through activation of the transcription factor STAT5, which stimulates the expression of several hundred mammary-specific genes. In addition to its key role in activating gene expression in mammary tissue, STAT5, which is ubiquitously expressed in most cell types, implements T cell-specific programs controlled by interleukins. However, the mechanisms by which STAT5 controls cell-specific genetic programs activated by distinct cytokines remain relatively unknown. Integration of data from genome-wide surveys of chrom...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - October 17, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Beyond DNA: the Role of Epigenetics in the Premalignant Progression of Breast Cancer
AbstractDuctal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) is an early breast cancer lesion that is considered a nonobligate precursor to development of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Although only a small subset of DCIS lesions are predicted to progress into a breast cancer, distinguishing innocuous from minacious DCIS lesions remains a clinical challenge. Thus, patients diagnosed with DCIS will undergo surgery with the potential for radiation and hormone therapy. This has led to a current state of overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Interrogating the transcriptome alone has yet to define clear functional determinants of progression from DCI...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - October 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Dissecting Tissue-Specific Super-Enhancers by Integrating Genome-Wide Analyses and CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing
AbstractRecent advances in genome-wide sequencing technologies have provided researchers with unprecedented opportunities to discover the genomic structures of gene regulatory units in living organisms. In particular, the integration of ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, and DNase-seq techniques has facilitated the mapping of a new class of regulatory elements. These elements, called super-enhancers, can regulate cell-type-specific gene sets and even fine-tune gene expression regulation in response to external stimuli, and have become a hot topic in genome biology. However, there is scant genetic evidence demonstrating their unique biolog...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - October 6, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Current Therapeutic Approaches to DCIS
AbstractTreatment for ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) has historically been extrapolated from studies of invasive breast cancer. Accepted local therapy approaches range from small local excisions, with or without radiation, to bilateral mastectomies. Systemic treatment with endocrine therapy is often recommended for hormone positive patients. With improvements in imaging, pathologic review, and treatment techniques in the modern era, combined with new information regarding tumor biology, the management of DCIS is rapidly evolving. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is now more important than ever, with a shift towar...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 29, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

A Transgenic MMTV-Flippase Mouse Line for Molecular Engineering in Mammary Gland and Breast Cancer Mouse Models
AbstractGenetically engineered mouse models have become an indispensable tool for breast cancer research. Combination of multiple site-specific recombination systems such as Cre/loxP and Flippase (Flp)/Frt allows for engineering of sophisticated, multi-layered conditional mouse models. Here, we report the generation and characterization of a novel transgenic mouse line expressing a mouse codon-optimized Flp under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter. These mice show robust Flp-mediated recombination in luminal mammary gland and breast cancer cells but no Flp activity in non-mammary tissues, with the...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 12, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Clinical Trials for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast is a non-obligatory precursor to invasive breast carcinoma, with a variable natural history and biological potential for progression to invasive disease. Over the past 30 years, clinical trials have applied the therapeutic principles used for invasive carcinoma to treat DCIS (surgery, with or without breast radiotherapy, and post-operative endocrine therapy), with excellent survival outcomes, and in-breast recurrence rates that range from 0.5 to 1% annually. Howeve r, half of such recurrences are again in-situ lesions, and intensive therapy is likely not necessary for...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 11, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Gap Junctions and Wnt Signaling in the Mammary Gland: a Cross-Talk?
AbstractConnexins (Cxs), the building blocks of gap junctions (GJs), exhibit spatiotemporal patterns of expression and regulate the development and differentiation of the mammary gland, acting via channel-dependent and channel-independent mechanisms. Impaired Cx expression and localization are reported in breast cancer, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for Cxs. The signaling events that mediate the role of GJs in the development and tumorigenesis of the mammary gland remain poorly identified. The Wnt pathways, encompassing the canonical or the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway and the noncanonical β-catenin-independent pathway, ...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Intratumoral Heterogeneity in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Chaos and Consequence
AbstractDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive proliferative growth in the breast that serves as a non-obligate precursor to invasive ductal carcinoma. The widespread adoption of screening mammography has led to a steep increase in the detection of DCIS, which now comprises approximately 20% of new breast cancer diagnoses in the United States. Interestingly, the intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH) that has been observed in invasive breast cancers may have been established early in tumorigenesis, given the vast and varied ITH that has been detected in DCIS. This review will discuss the intratumoral heterogeneity of ...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 7, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Polarized Secretion of Extracellular Vesicles by Mammary Epithelia
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by many cell types and are increasingly investigated for their role in human diseases including cancer. Here we focus on the secretion and potential physiological function of non-pathological EVs secreted by polarized normal mammary epithelial cells. Using a transwell system to allow formation of epithelial polarity and EV collection from the apical versus basolateral compartments, we found that impaired secretion of EVs by knockdown of RAB27A or RAB27B suppressed the establishment of mammary epithelial polarity, and that addition of apical but not basolateral EVs suppresse...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - September 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research