Exploring the One Health Paradigm in Male Breast Cancer
AbstractHow cancer patterns in humans compare to those of other species remains largely unknown and there is an even bigger knowledge gap for rare cancers like male breast cancer. One Health is a convergence of human and animal healthcare that encourages cross-pollination of medical research uniting human and veterinary medicine. Recognising that breast cancer occurs spontaneously in other male species (e.g. primates, canines, felines), and knowing that no laboratory models exist for male breast cancer, which limits our ability to perform functional studies, we explored the feasibility of applying One Health to breast canc...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - April 4, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Using Organoids to Tap Mammary Gland Diversity for Novel Insight
This article offers a comprehensive perspective on the transformative role of organoid technology on mammary gland biology research across a diverse array of mammalian species.The mammary gland's unique development and regenerative capabilities render this organ an ideal model for studying developmental evolution, stem cell behavior, and regenerative processes. The discussion extends to the use of cross-species mammary organoids to address key biological inquiries in evolution, tissue regeneration, cancer research, and lactation, highlighting the limitations of traditional mouse models and the benefits of incorporating a m...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - March 28, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The Lymphatic System in Mammary Gland Biology and Breast Cancer
(Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia)
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - March 17, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Spatial Engineering of Mammary Epithelial Cell Cultures with 3D Bioprinting Reveals Growth Control by Branch Point Proximity
AbstractThe three-dimensional (3D) structure of the ductal epithelium and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) are integral aspects of the breast tissue, and they have important roles during mammary gland development, function and malignancy. However, the architecture of the branched mammary epithelial network is poorly recapitulated in the current in vitro models. 3D bioprinting is an emerging approach to improve tissue-mimicry in cell culture. Here, we developed and optimized a protocol for 3D bioprinting of normal and cancerous mammary epithelial cells into a branched Y-shape to study the role of cell positioning ...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - February 28, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Protocols for Co-Culture Phenotypic Assays with Breast Cancer Cells and THP-1-Derived Macrophages
AbstractTumor mass comprises not only cancer cells but also heterogeneous populations of immune and stromal cells, along with the components of the extracellular matrix, collectively called the tumor microenvironment (TME). This diverse population of cells can communicate with each other, which can positively or negatively affect tumor growth and progression to malignancy. The most common type of immune cells in the TME are macrophages. Macrophages continuously differentiate into a broad landscape of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in response to numerous signals from the TME, which makes studies on TAMs quite challeng...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - February 10, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Fast Ultrasound Scanning is a Rapid, Sensitive, Precise and Cost-Effective Method to Monitor Tumor Grafts in Mice
This study introduces a fast-scan high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) protocol for the longitudinal assessment of syngeneic breast tumor grafts in mice, comparing its performance with caliper, BLI measurements and with histological analysis. The E0771 mammary gland tumor cell line, engineered to express luciferase, was orthotopically grafted into immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. Tumor growth was monitored longitudinally at multiple timepoints using caliper measurement, HFUS, and BLI, with the latter two modalities assessed against histopathological standards post-euthanasia. The HFUS protocol was designed for rapid, anesthesia-f...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - January 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Single-Cell Transcription Mapping of Murine and Human Mammary Organoids Responses to Female Hormones
AbstractDuring female adolescence and pregnancy, rising levels of hormones result in a cyclic source of signals that control the development of mammary tissue. While such alterations are well understood from a whole-gland perspective, the alterations that such hormones bring to organoid cultures derived from mammary glands have yet to be fully mapped. This is of special importance given that organoids are considered suitable systems to understand cross species breast development. Here we utilized single-cell transcriptional profiling to delineate responses of murine and human normal breast organoid systems to female hormon...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - January 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Fast Ultrasound Scanning is a Rapid, Sensitive, Precise and Cost-Effective Method to Monitor Tumor Grafts in Mice
This study introduces a fast-scan high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) protocol for the longitudinal assessment of syngeneic breast tumor grafts in mice, comparing its performance with caliper, BLI measurements and with histological analysis. The E0771 mammary gland tumor cell line, engineered to express luciferase, was orthotopically grafted into immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice. Tumor growth was monitored longitudinally at multiple timepoints using caliper measurement, HFUS, and BLI, with the latter two modalities assessed against histopathological standards post-euthanasia. The HFUS protocol was designed for rapid, anesthesia-f...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - January 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Single-Cell Transcription Mapping of Murine and Human Mammary Organoids Responses to Female Hormones
AbstractDuring female adolescence and pregnancy, rising levels of hormones result in a cyclic source of signals that control the development of mammary tissue. While such alterations are well understood from a whole-gland perspective, the alterations that such hormones bring to organoid cultures derived from mammary glands have yet to be fully mapped. This is of special importance given that organoids are considered suitable systems to understand cross species breast development. Here we utilized single-cell transcriptional profiling to delineate responses of murine and human normal breast organoid systems to female hormon...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - January 30, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Toward Characterizing Lymphatic Vasculature in the Mammary Gland During Normal Development and Tumor-Associated Remodeling
AbstractLymphatic vasculature has been shown to promote metastatic spread of breast cancer. Lymphatic vasculature, which is made up of larger collecting vessels and smaller capillaries, has specialized cell junctions that facilitate cell intravasation. Normally, these junctions are designed to collect immune cells and other cellular components for immune surveillance by lymph nodes, but they are also utilized by cancer cells to facilitate metastasis. Although lymphatic development overall in the body has been well-characterized, there has been little focus on how the lymphatic network changes in the mammary gland during st...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - January 13, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Single-cell Analysis Reveals Inter- and Intratumour Heterogeneity in Metastatic Breast Cancer
AbstractMetastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths of breast cancer patients. Some cancer cells in a tumour go through successive steps, referred to as the metastatic cascade, and give rise to metastases at a distant site. We know that the plasticity and heterogeneity of cancer cells play critical roles in metastasis but the precise underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here we aimed to identify molecular mechanisms of metastasis during colonization, one of the most important yet poorly understood steps of the cascade. We performed single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) on tumours and matched lung macromet...
Source: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia - December 8, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research