Forecasting Retirement in Pediatric Ophthalmology
This cross-sectional study uses a forecasting model to assess the potential loss of pediatric ophthalmology care in the US due to potential ophthalmologist retirement. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
The Pleiotropy of Complement Factor H
In 2005, complement factor H (CFH) emerged as a critical player in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in one of the earliest genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Discovery in complex trait genetics has skyrocketed in the last 18 years since then, but this CFH discovery continues to stand out as one of the most important complex trait associations. Though the exact mechanism through which genetic variants in the region of CFH exert their effect is not fully understood, it likely involves dysregulation of the complement system leading to a state of chronic inflammation and maladaptive healing, slowly driving select ti...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
“Retinal Vasculitis” With Bilateral Retinal Detachments
A 68-year-old man with a history of B-cell lymphoma and active renal cell carcinoma, receiving cabozantinib therapy, presents with worsening hazy vision in the right eye after retinal detachment repair of the left eye. What would you do next? (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Prognostic Value of Parenteral Nutrition Duration on Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity
This prognostic study evaluates the prognostic value of parenteral nutrition duration on retinopathy of prematurity; updates and validates the DIGIROP 2.0 prescreen and screen prediction models to include all ROP-screened infants regardless of gestational age and incorporate parenteral nutrition duration; and compares the DIGIROP model with the WINROP and G-ROP models. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Photoreceptor Misalignment Contributes to Imaging Features During Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy —Reply
In Reply We thank Paques and Mrejen for their thoughtful letter regarding our findings on high-resolution adaptive optics (AO) imaging of patients with acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN). They suggested the potential contribution of photoreceptor misalignment seen in patients with AMN, which might correspond to the hyporeflective area on infrared reflectance (IR) images. We have acknowledged that directional imaging and the Stiles-Crawford effect modulate retinal structures on optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Photoreceptor Misalignment Contributes to Imaging Features During Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy
To the Editor We read with great interest the report by Kadomoto et al about high-resolution imaging of a case of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMNR). The images were impressive and in particular showed in great detail the changes in reflectivity of the outer nucleus layer and of the photoreceptorouter segments. The authors noted an attenuation of the interdigitation zone (IZ) (cone outer segment tip [COST]), which was more marked than that of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) (right eye and left eye); partial recovery was observed 2 months later. They speculated that this may be evidence of damage to outer segments by inflammatio...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening —Asking the Proper Question
Albert Einstein said, “If I had an hour to solve a problem and my life depended on it, I would use the first 55 minutes determining the proper question to ask, for once I know the proper question, I could solve the problem in less than five minutes.” (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Sudden-Onset Bilateral Mydriasis in a Young Girl
A 3-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with 1 day of abnormal gait and bilateral mydriasis. Repeat magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated diffuse enhancement of the lower thoracic and cauda equina nerve roots and enhancement of the left oculomotor nerve. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Assessment of Ocular Deformation in Pathologic Myopia Using 3-D MRI
This study attempts to assess global ocular deformation in pathologic myopia. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Low-Dose 0.01% Atropine Eye Drops vs Placebo for Myopia Control
This randomized clinical trial investigates if low-dose atropine, 0.01%, eye drops delivered nightly over a 2-year period can slow the progression of myopia in children aged 5 to 12 years in the US. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Performance of an Upgraded AI Chatbot for Ophthalmic Knowledge Assessment
This cross-sectional study assesses the accuracy of answers generated by an updated version of a popular chatbot to board certification examination preparation questions. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Exploring the Test-Taking Capabilities of Chatbots
Artificial intelligence (AI) large language models and chatbots have garnered global media attention as some of the fastest growing internet applications in history, with a recently released chatbot outperforming popular social media platforms by amassing 100 million active users within just 2 months of its release in November 2022. Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence chatbot with the ability to generate human-like responses across a wide range of subject areas. In March 2023, OpenAI unveiled the latest iteration of the chatbot, which is built on the generative pretrained transformer (GPT) –4 archi...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Evaluating the Entire Shape of the Eye With Pathologic Myopia
Luo et al describe a cross-sectional analysis using 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (3-D MRI) to assess ocular deformation in patients with pathologic myopia. The authors focused on analyzing both the posterior and equatorial shape of the eyes, providing a comprehensive image of the entire eye structure. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Atropine, 0.01%, for Myopia Control
Slowing the progression of myopia, rather than simply treating the symptoms of blurred distance vision, has only recently gained wide popularity among clinicians, despite being studied for decades. Atropine, 1%, eye drops have long been available for cycloplegia and was the original dose studied for myopia control, but more recently, much lower concentrations have been investigated to slow myopia progression while minimizing rebound effects (loss of accrued benefit after discontinuing treatment) and adverse effects such as photophobia and near blur. Four of 6 randomized myopia control studies comparing atropine, 0.01%, wit...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Internecine Impairments
Dementia and visual loss are among the most feared consequences of aging, and when the 2 occur together, as shown in the article by Killeen et al, the combined association with personal functional ability is profound. There is an understandable impetus to intervene in hopes of reducing the impact by reducing, or at least slowing the progression of, the visual loss. But is this a reasonable approach? It depends on the likely pathway that is causing the link between the 2, and there are multiple possible mechanisms. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - August 1, 2023 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
