Insights Into Childhood Myopic Maculopathy
In the current issue of JAMA Ophthalmology, Jiang et al present a comprehensive 4-year analysis detailing the progression of myopic maculopathy in 548 eyes of 274 children and adolescents 7 to 17 years old with high myopia. Myopic maculopathy stands as a significant global contributor to visual impairment, particularly prevalent in East Asian countries. The condition is systematically categorized into 4 groups and plus lesions, according to the META-PM study group. Recognized for its typically slow advancement occurring over an extended time frame, myopic maculopathy has historically been studied with a focus on older adul...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Older Woman With Proptosis, Ptosis, and Blurred Vision
A woman in her early 70s with a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and colon polyps presented to oculoplastic surgery with 1 week of progressive right-sided proptosis, headache, right eyelid ptosis, and blurry vision. Outside magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an infiltrative mass involving right greater than left orbital apices, the right optic nerve, and right extraocular muscles. What would you do next? (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Diabetic Retinopathy and Quality of Life
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the association between diabetic retinopathy and quality of life by examining studies of adults with diabetic retinopathy that include measures of vision-specific or general health-related quality of life or both. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Amblyopia Care Trends Following Widespread Photoscreener Adoption
This cohort study evaluates trends and factors associated with screening, referral, or diagnosis of amblyopia in children aged 3 years before and after photoscreening expansion across a relatively large health care system in late 2017. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Photoscreeners for Amblyopia —Access Does Not Equate to Equity
This study highlights that complex issues rarely have quick fixes, and it demonstrates the importance of addressing root factors in health care disparities. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
An Atypical Optic Nerve Head Mass
A 47-year-old man presented with a sudden decrease in vision in the right eye and a history of binocular diplopia, bilateral cranial nerve 6 palsies, and an undifferentiated pontine mass. Examination revealed a large optic nerve head mass with optic disc hyperemia, scattered dot hemorrhages, a placoid lesion in the posterior pole, and a mass protruding out of the optic nerve head. What would you do next? (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Circulating Tumor DNA Posttreatment Measurements in Retinoblastoma
This cohort study investigates the association between the disappearance of plasma RB1 circulating tumor DNA and metastasis-free survival in retinoblastoma. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Sociodemographic and Clinical Predictors of Prolonged Length of Corneal Ulcer Hospitalizations
This cross-sectional study investigates the sociodemographic factors and/or medical comorbidities associated with extended length of stay in patients hospitalized for corneal ulcers. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Self-Supervised Learning for Improved OCT Detection of Macular Telangiectasia Type 2
This comparative effectiveness research study describes a self-learning approach designed to improve optical coherence tomography detection of macular telangiectasia type 2 using limited labeled data. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Visual Impairment and Real-World Home Physical Activity With Home Environment in an Older Population
This study investigates the association between home environment features and home physical activity in patients with visual impairment. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Automated Machine Learning for Predicting DR Progression From Ultra-Widefield Retinal Images
This diagnostic study evaluates the performance of automated machine learning models for identifying diabetic retinopathy progression from ultra-widefield retinal images. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Home Physical Activity and Visual Impairment —There Is No Place Like Home
A growing body of literature describes the myriad impacts of vision loss on health and well-being, extending far beyond just how we see the world. In the current study, Banerjee et al examined whether features of the home environment influence the association of glaucomatous vision loss with physical activity. This is an important line of inquiry for several reasons. First, many people spend considerable time at home and those with visual impairment tend to spend more time in the home than others. Second, in many cases, people have more influence over environmental modifications in the home than in other settings. Third, p...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Prevention in the Management of Infectious Keratitis
The morbidity associated with infectious keratitis (IK) has been increasingly recognized globally, especially among developing countries. International corneal specialists have recommended that this condition should be classified as a neglected tropical disease so that it gets the policy attention it deserves. Bacteria, fungi, and acanthamoeba are the common etiological agents, and the incidence and proportion varies with different geographic locations. Unlike other visually debilitating conditions such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, both of which may cause blindness without the patient being aware, IK causes signif...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Automated Machine Learning for Diabetic Retinopathy Progression
Using deep learning models to detect and grade eye diseases from color fundus photography, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), has proven feasible, and some constructs have US Food and Drug Administration approval. Potentially expanding on this concept, Silva et al demonstrate an automated machine learning (ML) model from ultra-widefield (UWF) retinal images for assessing the risk of progression for mild or moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR). Using approaches such as this could be important as the number of persons with DR increases dramatically in the coming decades. (Source: JAMA Ophthalmology)
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Self-Supervised Deep Learning —The Next Frontier
The most common way to train a deep learning model for medical image classification purposes, including for ophthalmic images, involves supervised learning in which training data are manually labeled by trained human graders. Then, transfer learning may be applied to a pretrained “off-the-shelf” model backbone, such as VGG and ResNet, and model fine-tuning is performed with the labeled ophthalmic data. This common workflow is limited by the time-consuming and labor-intensive nature of training data annotation. One promising approach to address this limitation is self-sup ervised learning (SSL), which is the focus of th...
Source: JAMA Ophthalmology - March 1, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
