Defining the caprine γδ T cell WC1 multigenic array and evaluation of its expressed sequences and gene structure conservation among goat breeds and relative to cattle
AbstractWorkshop cluster 1 (WC1) molecules are part of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily and act as hybrid co-receptors for the γδ T cell receptor and as pattern recognition receptors for binding pathogens. These members of the CD163 gene family are expressed on γδ T cells in the blood of ruminants. While the presence of WC1+γδ T cells in the blood of goats has been demonstrated using monoclonal antibodies, there was no information available about the goat WC1 gene family. The caprine WC1 multigenic array was characterized here for number, structure and expression of genes, and similarity to WC1...
Source: Immunogenetics - February 9, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Prognostic implication and immunotherapy response prediction of a costimulatory molecule signature in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
AbstractCostimulatory molecules were considered to be promising and important targets in immunotherapy for various cancers. The present study was intended for generating a costimulatory molecule signature in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), to investigate prognostic implication, elucidate immune atlas, and predict immunotherapy response. All the KIRC samples from the TCGA were randomly divided into the training dataset and the testing dataset in the ratio of 7:3. The Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were used to identify 7 key costimulatory molecules which were as...
Source: Immunogenetics - February 4, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Sensing microbial infections in the Drosophila melanogaster genetic model organism
AbstractInsects occupy a central position in the biosphere. They are able to resist infections even though they lack an adaptive immune system.Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a potent genetic model to understand innate immunity both in invertebrates and vertebrates. Its immune system includes both humoral and cellular arms. Here, we review how the distinct immune responses are triggered upon sensing infections, with an emphasis on the mechanisms that lead to systemic humoral immune responses. As in plants, the components of the cell wall of microorganisms are detected by dedicated receptors. There is also an induc...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 29, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Evaluation of telomeric KIR genes and their association with CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients
AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common complication after organ transplantation. Despite the immunosuppressed state, natural killer (NK) cells remain the major immune defense cells against viral infections in transplanted patients. The present study aimed at elucidating the correlation between the number of inhibitory and activating genes and the incidence of CMV infection in kidney trans planted recipients. Kidney transplanted recipients including 51 CMV+ and 50 CMV− were genotyped for the presence or absence of 4 activating (KIR2DS1,KIR2DS4,KIR2DS5,KIR3DS1) and 2 inhibitory (KIR3DL1,KIR2DL5a) genes using...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 29, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Sensing microbial infections in the Drosophila melanogaster genetic model organism
AbstractInsects occupy a central position in the biosphere. They are able to resist infections even though they lack an adaptive immune system.Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a potent genetic model to understand innate immunity both in invertebrates and vertebrates. Its immune system includes both humoral and cellular arms. Here, we review how the distinct immune responses are triggered upon sensing infections, with an emphasis on the mechanisms that lead to systemic humoral immune responses. As in plants, the components of the cell wall of microorganisms are detected by dedicated receptors. There is also an induc...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 29, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Evaluation of telomeric KIR genes and their association with CMV infection in kidney transplant recipients
AbstractCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common complication after organ transplantation. Despite the immunosuppressed state, natural killer (NK) cells remain the major immune defense cells against viral infections in transplanted patients. The present study aimed at elucidating the correlation between the number of inhibitory and activating genes and the incidence of CMV infection in kidney trans planted recipients. Kidney transplanted recipients including 51 CMV+ and 50 CMV− were genotyped for the presence or absence of 4 activating (KIR2DS1,KIR2DS4,KIR2DS5,KIR3DS1) and 2 inhibitory (KIR3DL1,KIR2DL5a) genes using...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 29, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Sex differences in immune gene expression in the brain of a small shorebird
AbstractMales and females often exhibit differences in behaviour, life histories, and ecology, many of which are typically reflected in their brains. Neuronal protection and maintenance include complex processes led by the microglia, which also interacts with metabolites such as hormones or immune components. Despite increasing interest in sex-specific brain function in laboratory animals, the significance o f sex-specific immune activation in the brain of wild animals along with the variables that could affect it is widely lacking. Here, we use the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) to study sex differences in exp...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Dynamic evolution of Mhc haplotypes in cynomolgus macaques of different geographic origins
AbstractThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in immune defense, and theMhc genes of cynomolgus macaque display a high degree of polymorphism. Based on their geographic distribution, different populations of cynomolgus macaques are recognized. Here we present the characterization of theMhc class I and II repertoire of a large pedigreed group of cynomolgus macaques originating from the mainland north of the isthmus of Kra (N = 42). Segregation analyses resulted in the definition of 81 unreportedMafa-A/B/DRB/DQ/DP haplotypes, which include 32 previously unknownDRB regions. In addition, we report 13 ...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Sex differences in immune gene expression in the brain of a small shorebird
AbstractMales and females often exhibit differences in behaviour, life histories, and ecology, many of which are typically reflected in their brains. Neuronal protection and maintenance include complex processes led by the microglia, which also interacts with metabolites such as hormones or immune components. Despite increasing interest in sex-specific brain function in laboratory animals, the significance o f sex-specific immune activation in the brain of wild animals along with the variables that could affect it is widely lacking. Here, we use the Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) to study sex differences in exp...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Dynamic evolution of Mhc haplotypes in cynomolgus macaques of different geographic origins
AbstractThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in immune defense, and theMhc genes of cynomolgus macaque display a high degree of polymorphism. Based on their geographic distribution, different populations of cynomolgus macaques are recognized. Here we present the characterization of theMhc class I and II repertoire of a large pedigreed group of cynomolgus macaques originating from the mainland north of the isthmus of Kra (N = 42). Segregation analyses resulted in the definition of 81 unreportedMafa-A/B/DRB/DQ/DP haplotypes, which include 32 previously unknownDRB regions. In addition, we report 13 ...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Habitat fragmentation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is associated with erosion of frog immunogenetic diversity and increased fungal infections
We examined the effects of habitat fragmentation in Brazil ’s Atlantic Forest on amphibian genetic diversity at an immune locus related to antigen presentation and detection (MHC IIB Exon 2). We used a custom high-throughput assay to sequence a fragment of MHC IIB and quantifiedBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infections in six frog species in two Atlantic Forest regions. Habitat fragmentation was associated with genetic erosion at MHC IIB Exon 2. This erosion was most severe in forest specialists. SignificantBd infections were detected only in one Atlantic Forest region, potentially due to relatively higher elevation...
Source: Immunogenetics - January 26, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
