Dynamic evolution of Mhc haplotypes in cynomolgus macaques of different geographic origins

AbstractThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays a key role in immune defense, and theMhc genes of cynomolgus macaque display a high degree of polymorphism. Based on their geographic distribution, different populations of cynomolgus macaques are recognized. Here we present the characterization of theMhc class I and II repertoire of a large pedigreed group of cynomolgus macaques originating from the mainland north of the isthmus of Kra (N = 42). Segregation analyses resulted in the definition of 81 unreportedMafa-A/B/DRB/DQ/DP haplotypes, which include 32 previously unknownDRB regions. In addition, we report 13 newly definedMafa-A/B/DRB/DQ/DP haplotypes in a group of cynomolgus macaques originating from the mainland south of the isthmus of Kra/Maritime Southeast Asia (N = 16). A relatively high level of sharing ofMafa-A (51%) andMafa-B (40%) lineage groups is observed between the populations native to the north and the south of isthmus of Kra. At the allelic level, however, theMafa-A/B haplotypes seem to be characteristic of a population. An overall comparison of all currently known data revealed that each geographic population has its own specific combinations ofMhc class I and II haplotypes. This illustrates the dynamic evolution of the cynomolgus macaqueMhc region, which was most likely generated by recombination and maintained by selection due to the differential pathogenic pressures encountered in different geographic areas.

Source: Immunogenetics - January 27, 2022 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research