Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Prevention of Diabetes Macrovascular Complications and Heart Failure
Cardiovascular (CV) mortality in diabetes has declined substantially over the last 3  decades in high-income countries from a multifactorial approach targeting glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure, and lower smoking rates. Additional CV gains may be achieved from large-scale weight loss, which ongoing trials are testing, and from delaying diabetes in those at highest risk. Fina lly, recent outcome trials support a role for (1) sodium/glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, which lower major adverse cardiovascular events but incident heart failure more strongly, and (2) glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, which lowe...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - July 12, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Naveed Sattar Source Type: research

Ethnic Disparities in Diabetes
Diabetes disproportionably affects minorities in the United States. Substantial disparities exist in diabetes incidence, glycemic control, complications, mortality, and management. The most important biologic contributors to diabetes disparities are obesity, insulin resistance, and inadequate glycemic control. Providers and health systems must also recognize the behavioral, social, and environmental factors that promote and sustain racial/ethnic differences in diabetes and its complications. Metformin and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are the most convenient drugs for treatment of diabetes in minority patients....
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - July 12, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nasser Mikhail, Soma Wali, Arleen F. Brown Source Type: research

Updates on Osteoporosis in Men
Osteoporosis is less common in men than women; however, the mortality rate associated with major fragility fractures is higher in men. The diagnosis of osteoporosis is established by measurement of bone mineral density or by the presence of a fragility fracture, especially spine or hip fracture. However, many men at high risk of fracture will not meet the T-score criteria for osteoporosis, so fracture risk calculation, with a tool such as FRAX, should be performed. Bone-active agents should be prescribed for men at high risk of fracture to decrease fracture risk, and therapy must be individualized. (Source: Endocrinology a...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Dima L. Diab, Nelson B. Watts Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid- and Transplantation-Induced Osteoporosis
Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis is the most common cause of secondary osteoporosis; nonetheless, it remains an undertreated condition. Transplantation-induced osteoporosis encompasses a broad range of unique pathogenetic features with distinct characteristics dependent on the transplanted organ. Understanding the pathogenesis of bone loss is key to recommending osteoporosis therapy in these patients. This review summarizes recent advances and addresses current issues in these fields. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Guido Zavatta, Bart L. Clarke Source Type: research

Denosumab Discontinuation in Patients Treated for Low Bone Density and Osteoporosis
Denosumab (DMAB) is a potent antiresorptive treatment used for treatment of osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) in those at high risk for fracture. In postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, DMAB treatment for 10  years has been studied, with results showing continued gains in BMD, sustained fracture risk reduction, and low risk of adverse events. However, upon discontinuation of DMAB, there is a rapid reversal of effect, with increase in bone turnover, loss of BMD, and in a subset of patients, a greater ri sk for multiple vertebral fractures. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Meltem Zeytinoglu, Sandra C. Naaman, Laura T. Dickens Source Type: research

Postmenopausal Osteoporosis
Significant development has occurred in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We review the most recent guidelines from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology, Endocrine Society, and the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis/International Osteoporosis Foundation Guidelines. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Rod Marianne Arceo-Mendoza, Pauline M. Camacho Source Type: research

Update on Approved Osteoporosis Therapies Including Combination and Sequential Use of Agents
This article reviews the different medications within each class, and discusses more recent data regarding the combination and sequential use of these medications for optimization of skeletal health in patients at high risk for fracture. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Dominik Saul, Matthew T. Drake Source Type: research

Updates on Osteoporosis
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pauline M. Camacho Source Type: research

Copyright
Elsevier (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Contributors
ADRIANA G. IOACHIMESCU, MD, PhD, FACE (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Contents
Adriana G. Ioachimescu (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Pandemic of Diabetes and Prediabetes: Prevention and Control (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 20, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Update on Rare Adverse Events from Osteoporosis Therapy and Bisphosphonate Drug Holidays
Bisphosphonates remain a first-line treatment for osteoporosis and decrease vertebral and hip fractures without side effects in most patients. With extended treatment, osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femoral fracture occur rarely, but fear of side effects has led to not starting or discontinuing treatment. Atrial fibrillation and uveitis are less appreciated by the general public, but their rare incidence must be recognized. A strategy for safe long-term treatment is provided based on 2 major studies. Interruption of treatment after 3 to 5  years is possible for some patients, but those remaining at high fracture ri...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - April 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Robert A. Adler Source Type: research

Diabetes and Osteoporosis
Both diabetes and osteoporosis are increasingly prevalent diseases, in part owing to aging populations worldwide. Epidemiologic data have shown that other organs may be adversely affected by diabetes, including the skeleton, in what has become known as diabetes-induced osteoporosis, which represents the combined impact of conventional osteoporosis with the additional fracture burden attributed to diabetes. There is an increased risk of fracture in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and some antidiabetic medications also may contribute to increased risk of fracture in diabetes. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism C...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - April 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: G. Isanne Schacter, William D. Leslie Source Type: research

Diabetes and Osteoporosis
Diabetes-induced osteoporosis is characterized by an increase in fracture risk. FRAX, the most widely used tool, underestimates the risk of fracture in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Specific adjustments to FRAX can help to better identify patients with diabetes at increased risk of fracture and select those at high fracture risk for treatment. Although clinical trial data are limited, the available evidence indicates that the presence of diabetes does not alter antiosteoporotic treatment response in patients with diabetes. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - April 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: G. Isanne Schacter, William D. Leslie Source Type: research