Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Contributors
ADRIANA G. IOACHIMESCU, MD, PhD (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - June 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Contents
Adriana G. Ioachimescu (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - June 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Lipids: Update on Diagnosis and Management of Dyslipidemia (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - June 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

2022  Update on Clinical Management of Graves Disease and Thyroid Eye Disease
The management of hyperthyroidism and extrathyroidal manifestations of Graves disease remains complex. Considerations that include patient preference, age, comorbidity, pregnancy, tobacco smoking, and social determinants of health must all be weaved into a cohesive management plan. A multidisciplinary team is required to manage all aspects of Graves disease, particularly thyroid eye disease, for which new therapeutic options are now available. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 10, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Thanh D. Hoang, Derek J. Stocker, Eva L. Chou, Henry B. Burch Source Type: research

Disparities in Thyroid Care
Thyroid disease affects an estimated 20 million Americans, with 1 in 8 women developing a thyroid disorder during her lifetime. Although most patients with thyroid cancer have a good prognosis and effective treatments for benign thyroid disease are available, disparities exist in thyroid care and result in worse outcomes for racial and ethnic minorities. Inequities in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease are due to the complex interplay of systems-, physician-, and patient-level factors. Thus, innovative strategies that take an ecological approach to addressing racial disparities are needed to achieve equitable c...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Debbie W. Chen, Michael W. Yeh Source Type: research

Less-Intensive Management Options for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer
The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing, whereas mortality remains relatively stable. An increasing body of research supports the use of less-intensive treatment for low-risk thyroid cancer, as the overall prognosis is excellent. Although total thyroidectomy was the gold standard for many years, the options of lobectomy alone, active surveillance, and other ablative modalities are increasingly being used. The clinicohistologic features of any thyroid cancer are important to help determine the optimal management for a given tumor. However, the patient ’s own desires and goals in their cancer treatment must be evalua...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Joana Ochoa, Susan C. Pitt Source Type: research

Novel Therapeutics for Advanced Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The current treatments for radioactive iodine (RAI) -refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are evolving as cancer genomics are further understood. Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the first-line therapy for symptomatic or progressive disease; however, considerable adverse effects have spurred the development of targeted therapies for redifferentiation of iodine avidity and the treatment of RAI-refractory DTC. Next-generation sequencing allows for the use of tumor-targeted therapeutics, such as MEK1/2, BRAF, RET, and NTRK inhibitors. Immunotherapy is also under investigation as a therapeutic option for ...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Leedor Lieberman, Francis Worden Source Type: research

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) remains one of the most aggressive and deadliest malignancies. Traditionally, treatment consisted of cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation therapy, with or without surgery, although a large proportion of patients were often directed toward palliative/hospice care. In the past decade, significant advances have been made through the advent of targeted therapies and immunotherapy. For patients with targetable disease and considerable treatment response, surgery and other multidisciplinary adjuvant therapies can now be considered. Overall, the era of untreatable ATC is progressively being replace...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Anastasios Maniakas, Mark Zafereo, Maria E. Cabanillas Source Type: research

Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations for Thyroid Cancer in Women of Reproductive Age and the Perinatal Period
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in women of reproductive age and during pregnancy. This leads to important questions about thyroid cancer prognosis and treatment, but also fertility and risk for adverse obstetric and/or fetal and neonatal outcomes. The benefits of thyroid cancer treatment should be weighed against its harms, as various options may adversely impact maternal and fetal health. In the current review, the authors focus on perinatal-specific clinical considerations related to the care of patients with thyroid cancer. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Evert F.S. van Velsen, Angela M. Leung, Tim I.M. Korevaar Source Type: research

The Future of Thyroid Nodule Risk Stratification
Clinical evidence supports the association of ultrasound features with benign or malignant thyroid nodules and serves as the basis for sonographic stratification of thyroid nodules, according to an estimated thyroid cancer risk. Contemporary guidelines recommend management strategies according to thyroid cancer risk, thyroid nodule size, and the clinical scenario. Yet, reproducible and accurate thyroid nodule risk stratification requires expertise, time, and understanding of the weight different ultrasound features have on thyroid cancer risk. The application of artificial intelligence to overcome these limitations is prom...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Nydia Burgos, Naykky Singh Ospina, Jennifer A. Sipos Source Type: research

Role of Levothyroxine/Liothyronine Combinations in Treating Hypothyroidism
Diverse causes potentially underlie decreased quality of life in biochemically euthyroid patients treated for hypothyroidism with levothyroxine. Once these contributing factors are addressed, if symptoms persist, there may be benefit to personalized use of combination therapy adding liothyronine. This approach should be carefully monitored: avoiding overtreatment and ensuring that therapy is only continued if it improves patient-reported quality of life. Most randomized clinical trials have not shown benefits, perhaps because of not targeting the most symptomatic patients. Sustained-release liothyronine preparations may so...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Jacqueline Jonklaas Source Type: research

Preconception Counseling and Care for Pregnant Women with Thyroid Disease
Thyroid disease is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Appropriate reference ranges should be used for the interpretation of test results, although universal screening for thyroid dysfunction is not warranted. Overt thyroid dysfunction requires careful consideration of medication adjustments and close monitoring. Mild thyroid hypofunction has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm delivery, and poor neurocognition in the offspring. This review summarizes the most recent evidence on the counseling and management of women with thyroid disease before and during pregnancy and highlights th...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Rima K. Dhillon-Smith, Kristien Boelaert Source Type: research

Thyroid Dysfunction from Treatments for Solid Organ Cancers
In recent years, cancer care has been transformed by immune-based and targeted treatments. Although these treatments are effective against various solid organ malignancies, multiple adverse effects can occur, including thyroid dysfunction. In this review, the authors consider treatments for solid organ cancers that affect the thyroid, focusing on immune checkpoint inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, and radioactive iodine-conjugated treatments (I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine). They discuss the mechanisms causing thyroid dysfunction, provide a framework for their diagnosis and management, and explore the association of thyroid dy...
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Anupam Kotwal, Donald S.A. McLeod Source Type: research

Novel Therapeutics and Treatment Strategies for Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Medullary thyroid cancer is a rare thyroid malignancy with unique management considerations. In general, small intrathyroidal tumors are cured by total thyroidectomy with central compartment dissection, while large tumors and those with disease spread to regional lymph nodes and distant organs (most commonly lung, liver, and bone) are more difficult to cure. The last decade has seen significant progress in the treatment of advanced MTC, largely due to the discovery and availability of novel targeted therapies, including new drugs specifically targeting the RET protooncogone (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - May 4, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Evan Walgama, Naifa Busaidy, Mark Zafereo Source Type: research

Hot Topics and Advances in Thyroidology: Looking into the Future
Over the past decade, we have witnessed tremendous and exciting scientific advances in the field of thyroidology. These advances have been driven by scholarly inquisition, recognition of unmet patient needs, and researchers ’ drive to optimize patient care. In this special issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, our objective was to provide a contemporary view of the recent advances in the diagnosis and management of thyroid conditions, addressing topics that directly impact patient care. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)
Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America - April 22, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Megan R. Haymart, Maria Papaleontiou Tags: Preface Source Type: research