Development and establishment of a parallel plate ionization chamber as a transfer standard for measurement of dose to tissue in beta radiation fields
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 28;206:111213. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111213. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA parallel-plate ionization chamber (PPC) with a nominal volume of 8.16 cm³ was developed based on theoretically simulated design parameters. Its purpose is to serve as a transfer standard for dosimetry in a beta radiation field. The entrance window of the PPC consists of an aluminized Mylar sheet with a thickness of 1.4 mg/cm2. The collecting and guard electrodes are created by applying a graphite coating on a Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) substrate with a thickness of 5 mm. The nominal sheet resistance of the g...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 10, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: S Rakshit M S Kulkarni Source Type: research
Temperature-responsive insights: Investigating Eu < sup > 3+ < /sup > and Dy < sup > 3+ < /sup > activated yttrium calcium oxyborate phosphors for structure and luminescence
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 2;206:111214. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111214. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAn investigation into the luminescent behavior of YCOB (Yttrium Calcium Oxyborate) doped with Eu3+ and Dy3+ ions, synthesized via the combustion method, is presented. The study, employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses, confirms the structural integrity and purity of the synthesized nanophosphors. An XRD pattern exhibiting distinct crystalline peaks indicates that the dopant ions were successfully integrated into the YCO...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: D A Jabali A Y Madkhli G Souadi Ümit H Kaynar M B Coban O Madkhali M Ayvacikli Nasser Amri N Can Source Type: research
MCNP simulation and experimental study in situ low-grade copper analysis based on PGNAA
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 1;206:111224. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111224. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) facility utilizing 252Cf source has been developed for in situ analysis of copper samples. Monte Carlo simulation is employed to determine optimal sizes for neutron moderator, gamma-ray shielding material, and thermal neutron absorber. Subsequently, based on the parameters optimized by MCNP, the PGNAA facility was constructed. Five sets of experimental samples containing low-grade copper concentration of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, 1.5 % and 2 % are measured with the PGNAA faci...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Cao Jie Wang Reng-Bo Zhang Yan Jia Wen-Bao Zhong Chong-Gui Chen Rui Qu Jin-Hui Feng Yang-Yang Hao Jun Source Type: research
Systematic analysis of (n, < sup > 3 < /sup > He) reaction cross sections at 14-15 MeV
In this study, a novel and straightforward empirical formula is put forth, aimed at swiftly computing the cross sections of the (n,3He) reaction in the neutron energy range of 14-15 MeV. This new formula has been obtained using outcomes from pre-existing cross section formulas in conjunction with experimental data. The present formulation, hinging on the interplay of A23 parameter, threshold energy (Eth) and incident neutron energy (En) factors, appears to furnish a satisfactory methodology for elucidating the cross sections of the neutron-induced (n,3He) nuclear reaction at 14-15 MeV. Finally, in this paper, a comparison ...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Naima Amrani Mustafa Yi ğit Source Type: research
Theoretical design of a solid scintillation detector for tritium surface contamination measurement based on CaF < sub > 2 < /sub > (Eu) sheet and self-coincidence technology of MCP-PMT
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 27;206:111200. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111200. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMeasurement of tritium surface contamination is important for tritium related facilities, especially for fusion devices. A novel detector has been designed for tritium surface contamination measurements based on CaF2(Eu) sheet and Microchannel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT). Self-coincidence technology has been introduced to obtain lower detection limit by diminishing the background noise caused by γ-rays and hot electrons. Performance of the detector was optimized by specifying the key parameters including t...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 7, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Yang Yang Zhilin Chen Caifeng Lai Po Huang Yu Li Source Type: research
On the symmetry of photon detection arrays: A directionally sensitive 3D model
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 2;206:111219. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111219. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA detector's ability to obtain the direction of a radioactive source is an invaluable operational asset. A 2D/3D model was developed based on directionally sensitive arrays. The average location of photon interactions within a symmetrical array yields the direction of the source. The model is validated with simulations and laboratory measurements, maximum systematic error being 5-10° at energies >200 keV and approaching zero at lower energies. The symmetry model yields the direction of a shielded source even when...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Harri Toivonen Mark Dowdall Sakari Ihantola Source Type: research
Analysis of the molecular alterations in cancer cells following nanotechnology-assisted targeted radiotherapy using Raman spectroscopy
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 1;206:111223. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe study unveiled an innovative strategy for precise radiation targeting in cancer treatment, along with the monitoring of molecular changes induced by this therapeutic approach. In this research, we explored the impact of administering anti-HER2-AgNPs nanoconjugates either individually or in conjunction with gamma irradiation on the viability of SKBR3 breast cancer cells. The utilization of nanoconjugates resulted in an enhancement of cellular sensitivity toward radiation. The viability of the cells exhibited a dec...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 6, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Naser Jafarzadeh Rasoul Malekfar Marzieh Nadafan Samira Eynali Fereshteh Koosha Mohammad Satari Source Type: research
Alpha-particle-induced reactions on natural silver in the 10-50 MeV energy range: Production of < sup > 111 < /sup > In, < sup > 110m < /sup > In and < sup > 109 < /sup > Cd
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 1;206:111221. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111221. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProduction cross sections of medical radionuclides 111In, 110mIn and 109Cd were investigated in the α-particle-induced reactions on natural silver up to 50 MeV. The stacked-foil activation technique and γ-ray spectrometry were used to determine the cross sections. The excitation functions of byproducts 104g,105,106m,110mAg, 107,111mCd and 107g,108g,108m,109,110gIn were also determined. Physical yields of 111In, 110mIn and 109Cd were deduced based on the measured cross sections.PMID:38310690 | DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 4, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Zolbadral Tsoodol Masayuki Aikawa Ichinkhorloo Dagvadorj Damdinsuren Gantumur He Huang Hiromitsu Haba Source Type: research
[ < sup > 68 < /sup > Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 synthesis on a GAIA ® module system: Thorough study of the automated radiolabeling reaction conditions
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 1;206:111211. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111211. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe influence of several parameters involved in the 68Ga radiolabeling of FAPI-46 was studied at the scale of the automated reaction. Among the buffers tested, HEPES 0.3 M pH 4 allowed both high radiochemical purity (RCP) and radiochemical yield (RCY), without prepurification of 68Ga but after final purification of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 on a C18 cartridge. A longer reaction time did not show significant benefit on the RCP, while higher loads of FAPI-46 and gentisic acid as anti-radiolysis compound allowed better RCY.PMID:...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: L éa Rubira Charlotte Donz é Juliette Fouillet Benjamin Algudo Pierre Olivier Kotzki Emmanuel Deshayes Cyril Fersing Source Type: research
TL-SDA: A designed toolkit for the deconvolution analysis of thermoluminescence glow curves
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 30;206:111202. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111202. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn the present study, a graphical user interface (GUI) toolkit has been developed to analyze the thermoluminescence (TL) glow-curve and evaluate the trapping parameters using TL expression based on the one-trap one-recombination model. The basic idea of the deconvolution analysis in the developed toolkit is based on performing a sequence of successful fits, where the information provided by each fit is used by the next fit until the deconvolution of the entire glow curve approaches an optimum solution. The starting ...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: A M Sadek M A Farag A I Abd El-Hafez G Kitis Source Type: research
Radioprotection in the production of < sup > 18 < /sup > F-FDG at Brazilian cyclotron facilities: A comparative study based on dosimetry
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 12;206:111189. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111189. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSince the end of the Brazilian state monopoly in 2006, allowing private enterprises to act in producing and commercializing short half-life radiopharmaceuticals, the country observed a growth in the laboratories that use 18F-FDG to PET/CT exams. Considering the radiological protection and safety techniques applied to radioisotope-producing facilities or units, this study assembled the current situation of radiological protection showing the received doses of the professionals of four facilities with cyclotrons for 1...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Marcos Aur élio Viera Anna Luiza Metidieri Cruz Malthez Source Type: research
Characterisation of neutron fields at the n-lab, a fast neutron facility at the University of Cape Town
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 22;206:111196. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111196. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe n-lab is a fast neutron facility based in the Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, offering collimated neutron beams produced by an MP 320 deuterium-tritium sealed tube neutron generator, and a 220 GBq americium-beryllium radioisotopic source. Characterisations of the spatial and energy distributions of the fast neutron beams were performed using an EJ-301 organic liquid scintillator detector and digital data acquisition system. Neutron energy spectra were obtained through unfolding analyses with MAXE...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 3, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Tanya Hutton Andy Buffler Source Type: research
< sup > 44 < /sup > Sc production from enriched < sup > 47 < /sup > TiO < sub > 2 < /sub > targets with a medical cyclotron
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 29;206:111220. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111220. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACT44Sc is a β+-emitter which has been extensively studied for nuclear medicine applications. Its promising decay characteristics [t1/2 = 3.97 h, E [Formula: see text] = 632 keV (94.3%), Eγ = 1157 keV (99.9%); 1499 keV (0.91%)] make it highly attractive for clinical PET imaging, offering an alternative to the widely used 68Ga [t1/2 = 67.7 min, E [Formula: see text] = 836 keV (87.7%)]. Notably, its nearly fourfold longer half-life opens avenues for applications with biomolecules having extended biological half-lives a...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 1, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Gaia Dellepiane Pierluigi Casolaro Alexander Gottstein Isidre Mateu Paola Scampoli Saverio Braccini Source Type: research
DDEP re-evaluation of the radioactive decay scheme of < sup > 137 < /sup > Cs
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 17;206:111191. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111191. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA complete re-evaluation of the 137Cs β‒ decay scheme has been performed within the scope of the Decay Data Evaluation Project (DDEP), taking full advantage of the most recent measurements. An evaluated half-life of 30.018 (22) years is recommended, along with a full revision of the β‒ decay branching ratios that also results in a re-evaluation of the absolute emission probability of the 662-keV gamma ray to give a value of 85.01 (20)%. Recommendations for new measurements are also suggested.PMID:38290201 | DO...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - January 30, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Sylvain Leblond Source Type: research
A rapid response time gas detector with embedded glass plates for digital radiography systems
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Jan 23;206:111198. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111198. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe response time of a detector stands as a critical parameter in radiation imaging systems. However, the existing parallel plate ionization chamber detector manifests a noteworthy delay in response time, leading to the production of blurred radiation images. To enhance the image quality of radiation imaging systems, it becomes imperative to modify the electrode structure of the detector and consequently reduce the response time. We propose a gas ionization chamber detector incorporating a glass plate, resulting in ...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - January 28, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Jiahao Chang Zhentao Wang Source Type: research
