Design of simulated-gas calibration source and self-attenuation correction methods for radioactive noble gas measurement with HPGe detector
In this study, to achieve accurate measurement of radioactive noble gas and enhance the precision of efficiency calibration, a relatively low-cost and low-density simulated-gas calibration source (SGCS) was produced from polyurethane foam with a density of ρ = 0.098 g cm-3. Using SGCS with a Marinelli beaker geometry, the efficiency calibration was applied to a BE5030, 50.5% relative efficiency HPGe detector in an energy range of 59.54 keV∼1836.06 keV. Then, taking the 81 keV gamma-ray emitted by 133Xe as an example, due to the density difference between the SGCS and the 133Xe gas sample, it is necessary to correct for ...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Shuo Wang Fei Tuo Xiang-Ping Qiu Yang Xiao Jun-Cheng Liang Source Type: research
Airborne < sup > 210 < /sup > Pb, Si, Zn and Pb as tracers for atmospheric pollution in Helsinki metropolitan area
This study analyzed 16070 daily and 608 weekly air filter samples from the Helsinki metropolitan area collected between 1962 and 2005. The aim was to use the Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) to determine potential sources of silicon (Si), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and radioactive isotope 210Pb. The main sources for Si and Pb were industrial activities, particularly mining, metal industry, and traffic. Common source areas for Zn and 210Pb were identified in the eastern and southeastern parts of the measuring site.PMID:38422941 | DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111252 (Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes)
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Eleftheria Ioannidou Stefanos Papagiannis Manousos Ioannis Manousakas Mika Vestenius Konstantinos Eleftheriadis Jussi Paatero Lambrini Papadopoulou Alexandra Ioannidou Source Type: research
A series of high-sensitivity radon detection systems and their applications in nitrogen as well as the boil-off liquid nitrogen measurement
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 28;206:111260. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111260. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn modern rare-event search experiments such as neutrino experiments and dark matter search experiments, radon is one of the most important radiation backgrounds since it can emanate from nearly all the materials containing radium and migrate freely in the experiment system. To support the China Dark Matter Experiment (CDEX) at China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), a series of high-sensitivity radon detection systems with different electrostatic collection chambers were designed, and radon in nitrogen as well...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Fan Wang Hao Wang Zhi Zeng Jinmin Yang Kang Peng Lei Zhang Qiuju Guo Source Type: research
Radiation-induced modification effects in covalent-network glass formers: Phenomenological description within unified configuration-enthalpy model
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 24;206:111255. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111255. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTExternally-induced modification activated by high-energy excitation such as γ-irradiation from 60Co source is analyzed in chalcogenide glasses in terms of radiation-structural and glass-relaxation metastability, at the example of sulphides (including stoichiometric arsenic trisulphide, As2S3) and selenides. Unified configuration-enthalpy model evolving conjugated configuration-coordinate (free energy in dependence on configuration coordinate) and thermodynamic enthalpy (temperature deviations in enthalpy, configura...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Oleh Shpotyuk Mykola Vakiv Andriy Kovalskiy Roman Golovchak Valentina Balitska Mykhaylo Shpotyuk Source Type: research
Investigation of NK cell function against two target hematological cell line using radioactive chromium assay
In this study two hematological cell lines K562 and MDS where used and target and results showed different sensitivity to killing by NK cells separated from healthy volunteers. Results have been shown that MDS release significantly more radioactive chromium indicating higher degree of necrosis during cell culture. In addition, K562 cell line is better target for NK killing in all different E:T ratio in comparison to MDS cell line previously described. Based on this, it is suggested that K562 cells be continues used in the future as better target for investigation NK killing.PMID:38422944 | DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.11125...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 29, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Vladimir Juri šić Source Type: research
High resolution gamma-ray spectrometry for routine measurements of environmental samples
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 19;206:111234. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111234. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA practical and comprehensive experimental approach for radioactivity measurements of voluminous environmental samples using high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry with High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector is presented. The radioanalytical procedure includes sample preparation, detector calibration, implemented corrections, quality control and assurance; and it is demonstrated with the determination of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in water and soil standard samples. The methodology is verified, and the r...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: G Eleftheriou C Tsabaris E G Androulakaki F K Pappa D L Patiris Source Type: research
Relativistic impulse approximation-based compton component of mass energy absorption coefficients (cm < sup > 2 < /sup > /g) for few materials of medical interest
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 9;206:111193. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111193. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTotal, whole-atom, individual and integrated Compton scattering cross sections and Compton energy absorption scattering cross sections are evaluated for light elements, such as, H, C, N, O, P, and Ca, with relativistic impulse approximation methods. Most of the phantom materials composed of these elements, which are the basic constituents of biological soft-tissue and attenuation through them, provides potential source of information. Compton scattering cross-sections for few biological materials, such as, H2O, C2H4,...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: V Rao Donepudi E Gigante Giovanni Tetsuya Yusa Tako Akatsuka Tohoru Takeda Roberto Cesareo Antonio Brunetti Nick Schiavon Source Type: research
High resolution gamma-ray spectrometry for routine measurements of environmental samples
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 19;206:111234. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111234. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTA practical and comprehensive experimental approach for radioactivity measurements of voluminous environmental samples using high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry with High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector is presented. The radioanalytical procedure includes sample preparation, detector calibration, implemented corrections, quality control and assurance; and it is demonstrated with the determination of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in water and soil standard samples. The methodology is verified, and the r...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: G Eleftheriou C Tsabaris E G Androulakaki F K Pappa D L Patiris Source Type: research
Relativistic impulse approximation-based compton component of mass energy absorption coefficients (cm < sup > 2 < /sup > /g) for few materials of medical interest
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 9;206:111193. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111193. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTotal, whole-atom, individual and integrated Compton scattering cross sections and Compton energy absorption scattering cross sections are evaluated for light elements, such as, H, C, N, O, P, and Ca, with relativistic impulse approximation methods. Most of the phantom materials composed of these elements, which are the basic constituents of biological soft-tissue and attenuation through them, provides potential source of information. Compton scattering cross-sections for few biological materials, such as, H2O, C2H4,...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 27, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: V Rao Donepudi E Gigante Giovanni Tetsuya Yusa Tako Akatsuka Tohoru Takeda Roberto Cesareo Antonio Brunetti Nick Schiavon Source Type: research
Assessment of occupational external radiation exposure of workers in the Southwest of Libya using portable NaI detector
In this study, gamma dose rates generated from the naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) were measured in the waste streams of a large scale and sludge onshore petroleum operations. Measurements conducted in this work involved: sludge recovery from separation tanks, sludge forming, NORM storage, scaling in oil tubulars, scaling in gas production and sedimentation in produced water evaporation ponds. Field work was carried out in many places of different terrain of an operation oil exploration and production in Murzuq basin in the Southwest of Libya. The radiation dose rates were measured using portable InSpector...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Usama Elghawi Meftah Elammari Source Type: research
Study of the effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of Xe implanted into glassy carbon
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 22;206:111239. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111239. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of xenon (Xe) implanted into glassy carbon and the effect of annealing on radiation damage retained by ion implantation were investigated. Glassy carbon substrates were implanted with 320 keV Xe+ to a fluence of 2 × 1016 cm-2. The implantation process was performed at room temperature (RT) and 100 °C Some of the as-implanted samples were isochronally annealed in vacuum at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 700 °C in steps of 100 °C for 10 h. The...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: M Y A Ismail Z A Y Abdalla E G Njoroge T T Hlatshwayo J B Malherbe A J Innocent Huzifa M A M Elnour Source Type: research
Assessment of occupational external radiation exposure of workers in the Southwest of Libya using portable NaI detector
In this study, gamma dose rates generated from the naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) were measured in the waste streams of a large scale and sludge onshore petroleum operations. Measurements conducted in this work involved: sludge recovery from separation tanks, sludge forming, NORM storage, scaling in oil tubulars, scaling in gas production and sedimentation in produced water evaporation ponds. Field work was carried out in many places of different terrain of an operation oil exploration and production in Murzuq basin in the Southwest of Libya. The radiation dose rates were measured using portable InSpector...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Usama Elghawi Meftah Elammari Source Type: research
Study of the effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of Xe implanted into glassy carbon
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 22;206:111239. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111239. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe effect of implantation temperature on the migration behaviour of xenon (Xe) implanted into glassy carbon and the effect of annealing on radiation damage retained by ion implantation were investigated. Glassy carbon substrates were implanted with 320 keV Xe+ to a fluence of 2 × 1016 cm-2. The implantation process was performed at room temperature (RT) and 100 °C Some of the as-implanted samples were isochronally annealed in vacuum at temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 700 °C in steps of 100 °C for 10 h. The...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 25, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: M Y A Ismail Z A Y Abdalla E G Njoroge T T Hlatshwayo J B Malherbe A J Innocent Huzifa M A M Elnour Source Type: research
Emission characteristics of pulse CNT cold cathode X-ray source combined with channel electron multiplier
In this study, a high-frequency random pulse X-ray source of CNT cold cathode combined with a channel electron multiplier (CEM) was built, and its direct current (DC) and pulse emission characteristics were tested. The DC measurement results were used for parameter selection for performing pulse experiments. During the DC test, with the conditions of 2.2 kV CEM bias voltage and 25 kV anode voltage, the anode currents are 141, 250, and 300 μA at grid voltages of 290, 387.6, and 432.2 V, respectively; the corresponding grid field values are 1.45, 1.94, and 2.16 V/μm. During the pulse test, the amplitude-frequency response ...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Kai Miao Yunpeng Liu Sheng Lai Junqiu Yin Feixu Xiong Xiaoyu Dong Xiaobin Tang Source Type: research
Analyzing neutron emission cross sections for 22.2 MeV proton-induced reactions on < sup > 58 < /sup > Ni and < sup > 52 < /sup > Cr
Appl Radiat Isot. 2024 Feb 19;206:111242. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111242. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDouble differential cross-section calculations were performed for proton-induced reactions with 58Ni and 52Cr isotopes using Monte Carlo code PHITS 3.32 and TALYS 1.96. Comparative analyses with experimental data from the EXFOR library demonstrated the effectiveness of the CTFGM and BSFGM models in conjunction with the TALYS nuclear code program for (p,xn) reactions across all angular values. While the GSM model exhibited consistency regardless of the angle, FLUKA and PHITS showed some discrepancies depending on the...
Source: Applied Radiation and Isotopes - February 23, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Ayhan Kara Emil Mammadzada Source Type: research
