Neuraxial clonidine is not associated with lower post-cesarean opioid consumption or pain scores in parturients on chronic buprenorphine therapy: a retrospective cohort study
ConclusionIn parturients receiving chronic buprenorphine therapy at the time of cesarean delivery, neuraxial clonidine administration was not associated with decreased postoperative opioid consumption, median pain scores, or the need for intraoperative supplementation. (Source: Journal of Anesthesia)
Source: Journal of Anesthesia - March 10, 2024 Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research
Diarrhoea of unknown cause: medical treatment in a stepwise mannerManagement of Idiopathic Diarrhoea Based on Experience of Step-Up Medical Treatment
Scand J Gastroenterol. 2024 Feb 11:1-4. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2024.2313061. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe basic principle for the treatment of idiopathic diarrhoea (functional diarrhoea K59.1) is to delay transit through the gut in order to promote the absorption of electrolytes and water. Under mild conditions, bulking agents may suffice. With increasing severity, antidiarrhoeal pharmaceuticals may be added in a stepwise manner. In diarrhoea of unknown aetiology, peripherally-acting opioid receptor agonists, such as loperamide, are first-line treatment and forms the pharmaceutical basis of antidiarrheal treatment. As ...
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology - February 12, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Ann-Sofie Jansson-Rehnberg Asbj ørn Mohr Drewes Jon Sponheim Christer Borgfelt Andreas M ünch Wilhelm Graf Magnus Simr én Greger Lindberg Per M Hellstr öm Source Type: research
Peracute Myocardial Infarction: Features of the Influence of α2-Adrenoreceptor Stimulation on the Isolated Heart
We performed a comparative analysis of the effect of α2-adrenoreceptor stimulation on the performance of Langendorff-isolated heart from rats with experimental myocardial infarction in the acute stage and sham-operated animals (control). In animals with peracute myocardial infarction, different agonist concentrations (clonidine, 10-6 and 10-9 M) produced a multidirectional effect on the left-ventricular developed pressure and speed and time parameters of heart contractility. In control rats, both concentrations of the agonist added to the perfused solution reduced contraction force. Clonidine in a concentration of 10-6 M ...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Emerging drugs for the treatment of irritability associated with autism spectrum disorder
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2024 Jan 31:1-12. doi: 10.1080/14728214.2024.2313650. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an early-onset disorder with a prevalence of 1% among children and reported disability-adjusted life years of 4.31 million. Irritability is a challenging behavior associated with ASD, for which medication development has lagged. More specifically, pharmacotherapy effectiveness may be limited against high adverse effects (considering side effect profiles and patient medication sensitivity); thus, the possible benefits of pharmacological interventions must be balanced ag...
Source: Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs - January 31, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ahmad Shamabadi Hanie Karimi Razman Arabzadeh Bahri Mohsen Motavaselian Shahin Akhondzadeh Source Type: research
Clinical effects of occupational clonidine poisoning and efficacy of extracorporeal blood purification therapies
. (Source: Clinical Toxicology)
Source: Clinical Toxicology - January 26, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Shan WuBo HanXishan Xionga Blood Purification Center, Affiliated Suzhou Municipal Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, Chinab Blood Purification Center, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Poisoning Treatment Center of PLA, Beijing, Source Type: research
Tonic noradrenergic input to neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus mediates food intake in male mice
In this study we investigated the participation of norepinephrine (NE) signaling in the DRN in the satiety response. Intra-DRN administration of NE causes an increase in the 2-hour food intake of sated mice, an effect that was blocked by previous administration of yohimbine, an α2 antagonist. Similarly, Intra-DRN administration of clonidine, an α2 agonist, increases food intake in sated mice. This result indicates that in the satiated mice exogenous NE acts on α2 receptors to increase food intake. Furthermore, administration of phenylephrine, an α1 agonist, decreases food intake in fasted mice and prazosin, an α1 anta...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - January 24, 2024 Category: Neurology Authors: Rafael Appel Flores Raoni C Dos-Santos Isabelle Rodrigues-Santos Aline Alves de Jesus Jos é Antunes-Rodrigues Lucila L K Elias Source Type: research
Blood pressure response to clonidine in children with short stature is correlated with postural characteristics: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Clonidine stimulation test has been widely used in the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in children with short stature with a high level of reliability. However, it may cause hypotension, which usually a... (Source: BMC Pediatrics)
Source: BMC Pediatrics - January 13, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Wentao Yang, Shanshan Wang, Wei Gu, Francis Manyori Bigambo, Yubing Wang and Xu Wang Tags: Research Source Type: research
Features of α2-Adrenergic Regulation of Isolated Rat Heart after Hypokinesia
We studied the effect of the α2-adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine hydrochloride (10—9-10—6 M) on the isolated heart of adult rats after 30-day restriction of motor activity. In hypokinetic rats, in comparison with control animals, clonidine caused a positive inotropic effect; the dynamics of coronary flow was changed after stimulation of α2-adrenergic receptors by clonidine in the minimum and maximum concentrations. Moreover, clonidine in concentrations of 10—8 and 10—7 M reduced coronary flow both in the control group and against the background of hypokinesia. Clonidine (10—8-10—6 M) had a negative chron...
Source: Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 8, 2024 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 92: Effects of Opioid Withdrawal on Psychobiology in People Living with HIV
Conclusions: Worsening of cognition and measures of mood disturbance during withdrawal were associated with activation of the HPA axis and some measures of inflammation. Whether repeated episodes of opioid withdrawal have a cumulative impact on long-term HIV outcomes and neurocognition is a topic for further investigation. (Source: Viruses)
Source: Viruses - January 6, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Igor Grant Evgeny Krupitsky Marina Vetrova Anya Umlauf Robert K. Heaton Richard L. Hauger Olga Toussova Donald R. Franklin Scott L. Letendre George Woody Elena Blokhina Dmitry Lioznov Edwin Zvartau Tags: Article Source Type: research
Activation of Adrenoceptor Alpha-2 (ADRA2A) Promotes Chemosensitization to Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023 Nov 28;45(12):9566-9578. doi: 10.3390/cimb45120598.ABSTRACTRecurrence of ovarian cancer (OvCa) following surgery and standard carboplatin/paclitaxel first-line therapy signifies poor median progression-free survival (<24 months) in the majority of patients with OvCa. The current study utilized unbiased high-throughput screening (HTS) to evaluate an FDA-approved compound library for drugs that could be repurposed to improve OvCa sensitivity to carboplatin. The initial screen revealed six compounds with agonistic activity for the adrenoceptor alpha-2a (ADRA2A). These findings were validated in m...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - December 22, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Haya Albanna Alesia Gjoni Danielle Robinette Gerardo Rodriguez Lora Djambov Margaret E Olson Peter C Hart Source Type: research
