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Availability of drugs for the treatment of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in the World Health Organization European Region, October 2023
The BPaLM regimen (bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid and moxifloxacin) recently recommended by the World Health Organization offers short, safe, and effective treatment for multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (TB). In a survey with national TB focal points in 18 central and western European countries to explore barriers for the implementation of BPaLM, only three reported full availability of pretomanid, a necessary component of this regimen. Implementation barriers included financing and procurement. Solutions on national and supranational level are needed to guarantee universal access. (Source: Eurosurveillance)
Source: Eurosurveillance - April 25, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ralf Otto-Knapp, Suzanne Edwards, Giorgi Kuchukhidze, Stefan Kr öger, Brit Häcker, Stela Bivol and Askar Yedilbayev Source Type: research

Microbial keratitis in Southern Malawi: a microbiological pilot study
CONCLUSIONS: In a resource-poor setting, a CIM can be used to safely sample the cornea in patients presenting with suspected MK, enabling identification of causative microorganisms by culture and PCR. Although the microbiological spectrum found was limited to the dry season, these preliminary results could be used to guide empirical treatment.PMID:38653537 | DOI:10.1136/bmjophth-2024-001682 (Source: Herpes)
Source: Herpes - April 23, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Tobi F Somerville Shaffi Mdala Thokozani Zungu Moira Gandiwa Rose Herbert Dean Everett Caroline E Corless Nicholas A V Beare Timothy Neal Malcolm J Horsburgh Alistair Darby Stephen B Kaye Petros C Kayange Source Type: research

Altered serine metabolism promotes drug tolerance in Mycobacterium abscessus via a WhiB7-mediated adaptive stress response
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2024 Apr 23:e0145623. doi: 10.1128/aac.01456-23. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMycobacterium abscessus is an emerging opportunistic pathogen responsible for chronic lung diseases, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis. Treatment failure of M. abscessus infections is primarily associated with intrinsic or acquired antibiotic resistance. However, there is growing evidence that antibiotic tolerance, i.e., the ability of bacteria to transiently survive exposure to bactericidal antibiotics through physiological adaptations, contributes to the relapse of chronic infections and the emergence of ...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - April 23, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: C élia Bernard Yi Liu G érald Larrouy-Maumus Christophe Guilhot Kaymeuang Cam Christian Chalut Source Type: research

High cure rates of Mycoplasma genitalium following empiric treatment with azithromycin alongside frequent detection of macrolide resistance in Austria
ConclusionsMycoplasma genitalium was readily detected in this Austrian observational study, affected predominantly MSM and often presented as asymptomatic disease. We observed a worryingly high prevalence of AZM resistance mutations; however, empiric AZM treatment cleared twice as many MG infections as expected. (Source: Infection)
Source: Infection - April 22, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 16, Pages 627: Trends in and Risk Factors for Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients
Zhaoqin Zhu Yinzhong Shen Trends in and risk factors for drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with active tuberculosis were analyzed. The clinical data of M. tuberculosis and HIV-coinfected patients treated at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center between 2010 and 2022 were collected. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by solid or liquid culture. The phenotypic drug susceptibility test was carried out via the proportional method, and the resistance to first-line and second-line drugs was analyzed. Logistic regression an...
Source: Viruses - April 18, 2024 Category: Virology Authors: Xiaoqin Le Xueqin Qian Li Liu Jianjun Sun Wei Song Tangkai Qi Zhenyan Wang Yang Tang Shuibao Xu Junyang Yang Jiangrong Wang Jun Chen Renfang Zhang Zhaoqin Zhu Yinzhong Shen Tags: Article Source Type: research

Oral Antibiotics vs IV and Oral Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Appendicitis
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial assesses the 3-year clinical outcomes of oral moxifloxacin vs combined intravenous ertapenem plus oral levofloxacin and metronidazole in patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. (Source: JAMA Surgery)
Source: JAMA Surgery - April 17, 2024 Category: Sports Medicine Source Type: research

Differences in nature killer cell response and interference with mitochondrial DNA induced apoptosis in moxifloxacin environment
CONCLUSION: NK cells exhibit heightened sensitivity to the MXF environment. Different NK subsets upregulate the expression of cytokines and chemokines through different activation pathways. Concurrently, MXF induces impairment of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system, culminating in apoptosis.PMID:38608472 | DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111970 (Source: International Immunopharmacology)
Source: International Immunopharmacology - April 12, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mengqing Wang Hao Wu Weiwei Jiang Yunfei Ren Xiaowei Yuan Yanan Wang Jian Zhou Wei Feng Yusen Wang Tianpeng Xu Danying Zhang Yunhao Fang Chao He Wenfang Li Source Type: research

 Mycoplasmoides genitalium Macrolide Resistance Detection is Needed in University Settings
Conclusion: Data indicate a need for molecular M. genitalium macrolide resistance determination from primary specimens in the university setting.PMID:38609142 | DOI:10.3121/cmr.2024.1871 (Source: Clinical Medicine and Research)
Source: Clinical Medicine and Research - April 12, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Stephen C Lavey Brittany Cassel Erik Munson Source Type: research

 Mycoplasmoides genitalium Macrolide Resistance Detection is Needed in University Settings
Conclusion: Data indicate a need for molecular M. genitalium macrolide resistance determination from primary specimens in the university setting.PMID:38609142 | DOI:10.3121/cmr.2024.1871 (Source: Clin Med Res)
Source: Clin Med Res - April 12, 2024 Category: Research Authors: Stephen C Lavey Brittany Cassel Erik Munson Source Type: research