IL-33 Mediated Inflammation in Chronic Respiratory Diseases —Understanding the Role of the Member of IL-1 Superfamily
Conclusion
Analysis of the pleiotropic effects of IL-33 on multiple immunological cells (macrophages, mastocytes), as well as neurological cells of medulla oblongata, dorsal root ganglion, antigen-induced arthritis system, carrageen, and formalin, shows that this alarmin plays curtail, yet not fully known role in mediating inflammation, especially in chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and OSA. Taken into consideration the engagement in this process, in particular of mastocytes and their secretion of CXCL2, 4, 8, and other cytokines, there is no doubt regarding the etiopathogenic role of IL-33 in...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Effect of Particle Deposition Density of Dry Powders on the Results Produced by an In Vitro Test System Simulating Dissolution- and Absorption Rates in the Lungs.
Abstract
The surface area of the air/liquid interface in the lungs is substantial, so deposited doses of aerosol medicines per interface surface area when administered via the inhalation route is always quite low. However, in most in vitro systems used for dissolution testing of dry powder inhalables, the dose per surface area is generally much higher. The aim of this study was to investigate in one in vitro lung dissolution system, the DissolvIt, the manner in which the deposited dose per test surface area of drug particles influences the simulated dissolution- and absorption rate. Here we used the dissol...
Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics - March 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Malmlöf M, Nowenwik M, Meelich K, Rådberg I, Selg E, Burns J, Mascher H, Gerde P Tags: Eur J Pharm Biopharm Source Type: research
[Clinical and inflammatory phenotypic features of asthmatic patients sensitive to cold stimulation].
CONCLUSIONS: The cold-sensitive asthmatic patients experience frequent recurrent and/or aggravated symptoms and have obvious lung function impairment. Different from that in patients with classic asthma, the airway inflammatory phenotype in these patients is characterized by the domination by neutrophilic subtype.
PMID: 30890506 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - March 1, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Guo W, Li M Tags: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao Source Type: research
Formoterol counteracts the inhibitory effect of cigarette smoke on glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) transactivation in human bronchial smooth muscle cells.
This study shed light on a mechanism underlying complementary interactions between LABA and inhaled GC that could be relevant in smokers with asthma and COPD.
PMID: 30753866 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmacology)
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - February 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Marchini G, Carnevali S, Facchinetti F Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research
Inhaled corticosteroid containing combinations and mortality in COPD
There is no solid evidence that any pharmacological treatment reduces mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Two large trials with mortality as an efficacy outcome have been carried out testing a combination of a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) and an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and in both, the reduction in mortality failed to reach statistical significance [1, 2]. This could be seen as proof of absence of effect, but given that the TORCH trial [1] resulted in a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.825 (95% CI 0.681–1.002; p=0.052) for the comparison of combined fluticasone propionate and salmeterol with plac...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 13, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vestbo, J., Fabbri, L., Papi, A., Petruzzelli, S., Scuri, M., Guasconi, A., Vezzoli, S., Singh, D. Tags: Original Articles: Research letters Source Type: research
Measuring The Bipolar Charge Distributions of Fine Particle Aerosol Clouds of Commercial PMDI Suspensions Using a Bipolar Next Generation Impactor (bp-NGI)
ConclusionsThe bp-NGI was used to quantify the bipolar Q/m ratios of aerosol particles collected from the ISMs of commercial MDI products. The positive charge recorded for each of the three MDIs may have been enhanced by the presence of charged ice crystals formed from the propellant during the aerosolisation process. (Source: Pharmaceutical Research)
Source: Pharmaceutical Research - November 26, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Fluticasone furoate, umeclidinium bromide and vilanterol as a combination therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: Parri G, Nieri D, Roggi MA, Vagaggini B, Celi A, Paggiaro P
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Triple therapy with two bronchodilators (LABA plus LAMA) and an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is recommended for patients suffering from severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Areas covered: All 12-52 week-long studies comparing triple therapy with umeclidinium (UM) added to either fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) or fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL) versus other comparators in COPD patients of group B or D (2011 GOLD classification) were considered. When UM was added to ICS/LABA with sep...
Source: Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine - November 24, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: Expert Rev Respir Med Source Type: research
ICS withdrawal and exacerbation risk by GOLD 2017 Report: post hoc analysis of the WISDOM trial
Conclusion: The GOLD 2017 classification was a good predictor of exacerbation in WISDOM, with far fewer exacerbations in the GOLD A and B groups than in the C and D groups. Consistent with GOLD 2017 treatment recommendations and with the conclusions of the WISDOM trial, there was no significant increased risk of exacerbation with ICS withdrawal versus continuing ICS in any group.*Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017. Available from: http://goldcopd.org. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Watz, H., Magnussen, H., Rodriguez-Roisin, R., Tetzlaff, K., Haensel, M., Mueller, A., Vogelmeier, C. Tags: General Practice and Primary Care Source Type: research
Video education of inhaler technique for asthma control in patients with well or partly controlled asthma, compared to face-to-face education
Conclusion: This study showed that newly developed video education can be suitable to substitute the face to face education to educate stable asthma patients for inhaler, especially in elderly or well controlled asthma patients. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Byun, M. K., Park, H. J., Kwon, J.-W., Kim, W. K., Nahm, D.-H., Lee, M.-G., Lee, S.-P., Lee, S. Y., Lee, J.-H., Jeong, Y. Y., Cho, Y. S., Choi, J.-H., Choi, B. W. Tags: Clinical Problems Source Type: research
Late Breaking Abstract - Impact of ICS/LABA and LABA/LAMA FDCs on lung function and exacerbation of COPD: a network meta-analysis
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting β2 agonist (LABA) fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) and LABA/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) FDCs are extensively used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Our aim is to provide a rank of efficacy across ICS/LABA and LABA/LAMA FDCs on trough forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and risk of acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).A network meta-analysis (≥ 3 nodes, Bayesian method, PROSPERO CRD42017093075) was performed by searching for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that directly compared different ICS/LABA and/or LABA/LAMA FDCs. Data on FEV1 and AECO...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Di Marco, F., Calzetta, L., Rogliani, P., Blasi, F., Centanni, S., Micheletto, C., Rossi, A., Cazzola, M. Tags: Clinical Problems Source Type: research
Revealing the regional localization and lung retention of inhaled drugs
Conclusions: The present study clearly demonstrates that inhaled small molecule chemotypes are differentially distributed in lung tissue after inhalation and that MSI can be applied to study the retention patterns. This MSI-based framework for quantifying regional and histological lung retention is required for tailoring inhaled drug molecules to target diseased sub-structures and has the potential to accelerate discovery and development of local and more precise treatments of respiratory disease. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bäckström, E., Hamm, G., Brülls, M., Goodwin, R., Friden, M. Tags: Airway pharmacology and treatment Source Type: research
Effect of ICS withdrawal on COPD exacerbations in patients on triple therapy at baseline
Conclusions: Results from this subanalysis are in line with those from the overall pt population. In pts taking triple therapy at screening, risk of first moderate or severe COPD exacerbation was similar regardless of glucocorticoid use. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ferguson, G. T., Shaikh, A., Tetzlaff, K., Mueller, A., Watz, H. Tags: Airway pharmacology and treatment Source Type: research
Health status changes in COPD patients after real-life switch from tiotropium or salmeterol/fluticasone to indacaterol/glycopyrronium using the EQ-5D-3L instrument: results from the POWER study
Conclusion: In clinical practice, IND/GLY direct switch provided clinically significant improvements in lung function and translated into improved health status as per the EQ-5D-3L tool regardless of former TIO or SFC in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Anees, S., Mcivor, A., Chapman, K. R., Mayers, I., Rochdi, D., Prefontaine, D., Kaplan, A. Tags: Airway pharmacology and treatment Source Type: research
Persistent blood eosinophilia and COPD exacerbation risk after ICS withdrawal from triple therapy in the SUNSET study
Conclusions: The direct ICS withdrawal from triple therapy may lead to increased risk of moderate/severe exacerbations in patients with consistently high blood eosinophils at both screening and baseline. Patients without eosinophilia or with intermittent eosinophilia did not present increased exacerbation risk. (Source: European Respiratory Journal)
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hurst, J. R., Kostikas, K., Chapman, K. R., Frent, S.-M., Larbig, M., Fogel, R., Guerin, T., Banerji, D., Patalano, F., Goyal, P., Pfister, P., Wedzicha, J. A. Tags: Monitoring Airway Disease Source Type: research
Bioequivalence of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol (FS) given by the FS Spiromax ® and Seretide Accuhaler® systems
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CONCLUSION: FS Spiromax 500/50 µg (± charcoal block) was bioequivalent to Seretide Accuhaler 50/500µg.
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PMID: 30431426 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics)
Source: International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - November 17, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Source Type: research
