Endogenous Acetylcholine Increases Alveolar Epithelial Fluid Transport via Activation of Alveolar Epithelial Na,K-ATPase in Mice
Publication date: Available online 30 June 2015 Source:Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology Author(s): Xia Li , Xi Xin Yan , Hong Lin Li , Rong Qin Li The contribution of endogenous acetylcholine to alveolar fluid clearance(AFC) and related molecular mechanisms were explored. AFC was measured in Balb/c mice after vagotomy and vagus nerve stimulation. Effects of acetylcholine chloride on AFC in Kunming mice and Na,K-ATPase function in A549 alveolar epithelial cells also were determined. AFC significantly decreased in mice with left cervical vagus nerve transection compared with controls (48.69±2.57 vs. 66....
Source: Respiratory Physiology and Neurobiology - June 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research
Effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on mast cells tryptase in asthmatic guinea pigs
Conclusions After the asthmatic guinea pigs are treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, their BALF, Re, infiltration degree of inflammatory cells in the trachea and lung tissue and airway inflammatory reaction are reduced significantly. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 has a certain inhibiting effect on the activation of mast cells and the release of MCT granules. (Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine)
Source: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - June 26, 2015 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research
Flow Injection Analysis System for Screening Organophosphorus Pesticides by their Inhibitory Effect on the Enzyme Acethylcholinesterase
A flow-injection spectrophotometric procedure was developed for screening organophosphorus pesticides. The method is based on the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase immobilized on controlled porous glass beads with acetylcholine chloride as the substrate. Methyl parathion, chlorpyrifos, malathion and dichlorvos have been tested. The analytical peak height for a given acetylcholine chloride concentration correlates linearly with the logarithmic concentration of the pesticides between 1.0 × 10-3 mol L-1 and 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1. If bromine water is added to the pesticide solution, a dramatic increase is observed in the analy...
Source: Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society - April 1, 2015 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Inhibitory effect of TongXie-YaoFang formula on colonic contraction in rats.
CONCLUSION: TXYF formula inhibits colon contraction in rats. This may be related to activation of specific potassium channels and inhibition of extracellular calcium internal flow.
PMID: 25780288 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - March 14, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Yang C, Zhang SS, Li XL, Wang ZF, Zhao LQ Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
In vivo evaluation of the antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating effects of extract and fractions from aerial parts of Peganum harmala linn
Conclusions APP is an effective traditional folk medicine for the treatment of cough with potent antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating activities. The alkaloid fraction is proved to be the most effective components of APP. The alkaloids from APP may be valuable lead compounds for drug development of respiratory diseases. Graphical abstract (Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - January 16, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Long-term effects of an exercise and Mediterranean diet intervention in the vascular function of an older, healthy population
Conclusions The original improvements from an 8-week exercise and MD intervention were still evident, particularly in the microcirculatory and cardiorespiratory assessments, 1year after the initial study. This suggests that a brief intervention combining MD with exercise in this high-risk group promises long-term health benefits. (Source: Microvascular Research)
Source: Microvascular Research - October 12, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Age-related changes of microcirculation in pial blood vessels of the sensorimotor cortex of the rat brain
Abstract
We studied the density of the entire microvascular network and arterioles in the pia mater of the sensorimotor cortex in rats of different ages. The responses of pial arterioles to noradrenaline and acetylcholine chloride were also studied. Our results showed that the density of the microvascular network and reactivity of arterioles in the pia mater did not significantly change before the age of 12 months. At the age of 22–24 months, the density of the entire microvascular network was decreased by 1.7 times; the density of arterioles was decreased by 1.2 times. The contractility of pial arter...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2014 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effects of exercise training and Mediterranean diet on vascular risk reduction in post-menopausal women.
This study tested the potential risk-reduction benefits of Mediterranean Diet (MD) and regular exercise training on microvascular activity and cardiorespiratory capacity in postmenopausal women. Fifteen sedentary postmenopausal participants (age = 54.6 ± 3.6) were randomised into either exercise training or exercise combined with following MD for eight-weeks, and were assessed for their cardiorespiratory capacity, and upper- and lower-limb endothelial cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) test using Laser Doppler Fluximetry (LDF), coupled with measuring endothelium-dependent Acetylcholine Chloride (Ach) and -dependent Sodi...
Source: Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation - September 4, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Alkhatib A, Klonizakis M Tags: Clin Hemorheol Microcirc Source Type: research
HEF-19-induced relaxation of colonic smooth muscles and the underlying mechanisms.
CONCLUSION: HEF-19 inhibited rabbit colonic smooth muscle contraction, probably through inhibiting opening of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels. HEF-19 reduced inflow and intracellular release of Ca(2+) ions.
PMID: 23983435 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - August 28, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Wei YY, Sun LL, Fu ST Tags: World J Gastroenterol Source Type: research
Qingfei Xiaoyan Wan alleviates asthma through multi-target network regulation
Conclusions:
A primarily combined genomic and proteomic screening of QFXY targets displayed a series of candidate genes and proteins, which indicated that the effect of QFXY relied on the combined mechanism, anti-inflammation and anti-remodelling, as well as influencing signal transduction in vivo. (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)
Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine - August 6, 2013 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Zhenying ZhaoYingbo MiaoPengwei PanBinfeng ChengGang BaiHong Wu Source Type: research
Further evidence of endogenous hydrogen sulphide as a mediator of relaxation in human and rat bladder.
Abstract
We investigated the expression of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in human and rat lower urinary tract (including bladder, prostate and urethra) tissues, and we sought to determine whether H2S induces relaxation of human and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat bladder strips. Human normal lower urinary tract tissue was obtained for the evaluation of endogenous H2S productivity using a sulphide-sensitive electrode and for the analysis of the expression levels of all three synthases of endogenous H2S, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ lyase (CSE) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphur transferase (MPST, as know...
Source: Asian Journal of Andrology - June 3, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Gai JW, Wahafu W, Guo H, Liu M, Wang XC, Xiao YX, Zhang L, Xin ZC, Jin J Tags: Asian J Androl Source Type: research
