Vitamin K Deficiency: An Emerging Player in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Calcification and an Iatrogenic Consequence of Therapies in Advanced Renal Disease.

Vitamin K Deficiency: An Emerging Player in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Calcification and an Iatrogenic Consequence of Therapies in Advanced Renal Disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2020 Aug 24;: Authors: Levy D, Grewal R, Le TH Abstract Vascular calcification is a known complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The prevalence of vascular calcification in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD stages 3-5 has been shown to be as high as 79%. [1] Vascular calcification has been associated with increased risk for mortality, hospital admissions, and cardiovascular disease. [1] [2] [3] [4] Alterations in mineral and bone metabolism play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in CKD. As CKD progresses, levels of fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and serum phosphorus increase and 1,25-(OH)2 vitamin D decreases. These imbalances have been linked to the development of vascular calcification. More recently, additional factors have been found to play a role in vascular calcification. Matrix G1a protein (MGP), in the carboxylated form (cMGP), is a potent inhibitor of vascular calcification. Importantly, the carboxylation of MGP is dependent on the co-factor vitamin K. In patients with CKD, vitamin K deficiency is prevalent and is exacerbated by warfarin that is frequently used for anticoagulation. Insufficient bioavailability of vitamin K reduces the amount of cMGP available and theref...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research