Differential pharmacology and clinical utility of dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes.

Differential pharmacology and clinical utility of dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes. Clin Pharmacol. 2019;11:133-143 Authors: Papakitsou I, Vougiouklakis G, Elisaf MS, Filippatos TD Abstract Dapagliflozin belongs in the family of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and acts by reducing glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule. The aim of this review is to present the differential pharmacology and clinical utility of dapagliflozin. Dapagliflozin is orally administered, has a long half-life of 12.9 hours and (similar to empagliflozin) is a much weaker SGLT1 inhibitor compared with canagliflozin. Dapagliflozin significantly decreases glycated hemoglobin and fasting glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The drug improves body weight, blood pressure, uric acid, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the DECLARE-TIMI 58 trial, a large trial of 17,160 T2DM patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) or without established CVD but with multiple risk factors, dapagliflozin compared with placebo resulted in a significantly lower rate of the composite outcome of CVD death or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF); this effect was mainly due to a lower rate of HHF in the dapagliflozin group (HR: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.61-0.88), whereas no difference was observed in the rate of CVD death (HR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.82-1.17). Moreover, dapagliflozin was noninferior to placebo with respect ...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications - Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research