Practical considerations for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in treating hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes.

Practical considerations for the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in treating hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes. Curr Med Res Opin. 2016 Mar 2;:1-49 Authors: Lam KS, Chow CC, Tan KC, Ma RC, Kong AP, Tong PC, Tsang MW, Chan TM, Tang SC, Lee KK, So WY, Tomlinson B Abstract Sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of oral anti-diabetic agents with a unique, insulin-independent mode of action. In patients with diabetes who have adequate renal function, SGLT2 inhibitors reduce hyperglycaemia by blocking renal glucose reabsorption and increasing urinary glucose excretion. These agents are indicated for the treatment of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as an adjunct to diet and exercise. In terms of efficacy, they are comparable to most other oral agents, and carry a low risk of hypoglycaemia unless combined with sulphonylureas or insulin. They may be used in combination regimens with metformin, sulphonylurea, or insulin. Beyond glucose lowering, SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with modest weight loss and mild anti-hypertensive effects. Emerging cardiovascular and renal outcomes data suggest other potentially beneficial non-glycaemic effects, although these findings await confirmation from further studies. The main adverse effects are increased risk of volume depletion and of genitourinary infections, although these can be managed with standard interventions. Rare cases of euglycaemic ketoacidosis hav...
Source: Current Medical Research and Opinion - Category: Research Tags: Curr Med Res Opin Source Type: research