Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric and Adolescent ASCVD Risk Factors

AbstractPurpose of ReviewIn this review, we provide insight into and raise awareness of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of acquired atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors in adolescents. We highlight data that could be used to guide the response to a future pandemic with the goal of reducing premature cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related morbidity and premature mortality.Recent FindingsDuring the global COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals, including youth, voluntarily or were mandated to alter the usual lifestyle in order to limit exposure and reduce the spread of the virus. Some of these changes resulted in unintended consequences, particularly acquisition of risk factors such as excessive weight gain, insulin resistance/diabetes, and dyslipidemia, commonly associated with ASCVD. A study from China examined changes in the prevalence of obesity and found a 2.4% rise attributable to the pandemic. Adequate daily physical activity plays an important role in ASCVD risk reduction. A systematic review and meta-analysis showed a 20% (90% CI, −34 to −4%) reduction in physical activity from before vs. during the COVID-19 pandemic. Another study of patients with type 2 diabetes found the mean HbA1c was significantly elevated during the COVID-19 pandemic (7.53 ± 1.02% in 2020) compared with the previous 2 years. In addition, there has been an alarming rise of childhood mental health concerns and suicide during the pandemic. Early identific...
Source: Current Atherosclerosis Reports - Category: Cardiology Source Type: research